International Organisations Extra Questions of Class 12 Political Science

1. Why was the EcoSoc came into being?
   1. Peace and security
   2. Mutual fund
   3. Aiming for international corporation.
   4. Mutual understanding

2. What is meant by security council? Mention its composition.

3. What is the World Health Organisation (WHO)?

4. Name the international agency relating to environmental programme.

5. Discuss the composition of General Assembly.

6. Why are international organisations like the UN required?

7. Suggest some reforms required in the United Nations.

8. Can the UN serve as a balance against the US dominance?

9. Assess the role of the United Nations as the most important international organisation.

10. Why do some countries question the issue of India’s inclusion as a permanent member of the UN Security Council? Explain.

11. Study the given map of the world and answer the following question in your answer book.

    1. Identify and name the countries marked A, B, C and D respectively.
    2. rite the names of the following UN Secretary Generals with the names of the countries they belonged to:
       1. Dag Hammarskjold
       2. Kurt Waldheim
       3. Boutros Boutros-Ghali
       4. Kofi A. Annan

    

12. Study carefully the following emblem and answer the questions given below it :
    

    1. To which organisation the above logo is concerned? When did this organisation formally establish?
    2. What is made in this logo or the emblem? When did India join it?
    3. What is seen around the world map given in the emblem? What is being signified by them?
    4. Which is considered the most important organ among the principal organs of the UN? How many members are there in it?

13. Justify the statement with any two suitable arguments “The UN is an indispensable organisation”.

Class 12 – Political Science (Ch-6 International Organisations)
Answer

1. 3. Aiming for international corporation.
      Explanation: The full form of EcoSoc is Economic and Social Council. It was set up for international corporation among the nations.
2. Security Council is one of the principal organs of UNO. It consists of five permanent members and ten non-permanent members. The permanent members have the ‘Right to Veto’ and the other members are elected for a term of two years. “Right to Veto” helps them to stop any action of the United Nation Organization, if they find it unfavorable.
3. The World Health Organisation (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that deals with issues related to international public health. It was established on 7 April 1948, and is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.
4. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) is the international agency relating to environmental programme.
5. General Assembly consists of representatives of all 192 member states each with one vote. Major decisions require two-third majority, otherwise, a simple majority is required for taking a decision. Its decisions are not binding on UN members.
6. We need international organizations like the UN :
   1. To resolve the conflicts and differences among the nations.
   2. To prescribe rules, regulations, and mechanisms for cooperation to avoid mistrust and mismanagement.
   3. To calculate the bias-free data of all the countries to get to know their condition and suggest some advices.
7. Following reforms are required in the UN:
   1. Reform of the organization’s structures and processes. It is an essential reform can be made to improve decision making easy and more responsible.
   2. A review of the issues that fall within the jurisdiction of the organization. A timely solution needs to be made for international issues.
   3. Reforms are required due to certain limitations to the UN Le, only five members on a permanent basis in the UN Security Council and their veto power, the dominance of a few powerful countries etc. It is required to make it more democratic.
8. Because of the following reasons the United Nations can not serve against the United States dominance in a comfort zone :
   • The United State’s veto power can stop any move damaging its interests.
   • The United State has been the only superpower after 1991 and may ignore international organisations economically and militarily.
   • The United State enjoys a considerable degree of say in the selection of the UN Secretary General.

   Besides the above mentioned grounds, the United Nations is playing an effective role to argument against the United State attitudes and policies and makes compromises and concessions even or the part of the United State. The EU performs as an important bloc in International Economic Organisations such as WTO but SAARC has initiated SAFTA only to cooperate economically among its member states.

9. The role of the United Nations as the most important international organisation was as:
   1. UN provides a platform for discussing contentious issues and finding solutions.
   2. It helps member states to resolve their problems peacefully.
   3. There are certain issues that can not be dealt with individually by any one state. So, states can come together to solve the issue.
   4. It promotes development and cooperation among states.
   5. Works for preventing international conflict and to facilitate cooperation among member states.
10. India desires to be a permanent member of the UN Security Council but many countries question the issue of India’s inclusion as a permanent member.
    • Other countries including Pakistan are opposing India’s permanent membership and questioning it on the basis of India’s nuclear weapons capability.
    • Some countries are arguing that with India’s inclusion, emerging powers such as: Brazil, Germany, Japan and South Africa will also demand for their inclusion on the basis of their unrepresentative structure. And all this makes India’s inclusion a difficult task. The view of some other members is that the conflict between India and Pakistan will make Indian membership ineffective.
11. • The place indicated in A is Sweden
    • The place indicated in B is Ghana
    • The place indicated in C is Austria
    • The place indicated in D is Egypt
    1. Sweden- Dag Hammarskjold: Dag Hjalmar Agne Carl Hammarskjöld was a Swedish economist and diplomat who served as the second Secretary-General of the United Nations.
    2. Austria- Kurt Waldheim: Kurt Josef Waldheim was an Austrian diplomat and politician. Waldheim was the fourth Secretary-General of the United Nations from 1972 to 1981.
    3. Egypt- Boutros Boutros-Ghali: Boutros Boutros-Ghali was an Egyptian politician and diplomat who was the sixth Secretary-General of the United Nations from January 1992 to December 1996.
    4. Ghana- Kofi A. Annan: Kofi Atta Annan was a Ghanaian diplomat who served as the seventh Secretary-General of the United Nations from January 1997 to December 2006.
12. 1. This is the ‘United Nations’ logo. The UNO (The United Nations Organisation) was formally established on 24th October, 1945 A.D.
    2. The logo or emblem has a world map. India joined the UN on 30th October, 1945.
    3. The world map has olive branches around it. These branches are signifying world peace.
    4. The Security Council is considered the most important organ among the principal organs of the United Nations. It has fifteen members in all. Out of them five members are permanent (with Veto Rights) and other ten members are elected by the General Assembly of the UN for two years terms.
13. The following facts makes the UN an indispensable organisation :
    1. The UN can and has served to bring the US which is a sole superpower and the rest of the world into discussions over various issues.
    2. The UN has brought together over 190 nations in dealing with conflict and social and economic development.
    3. The UN provides to countries except USA an arena in which it is possible to modify US attitudes and policies. Although countries are rarely united against the US, the UN does provide a stage where arguments against specific US attitudes and policies are heard and compromises and concessions can be shaped.
    4. In the modern world of globalisation or interdependence, the UN is helpful for seven billion people to live together. Technology will increase interdependence. In such a situation the UN will be helpful in finding ways which are consistent with the interests of a country with the interests of the international community.