The Role of the Judiciary in Our Society - NCERT Solutions Class 8 Social Science (New)

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The Role of the Judiciary in Our Society – NCERT Solutions Class 8 Social Science (New) Understanding Society includes all the questions with solutions given in the NCERT Class 8 Social Science Book Understanding Society textbook.

NCERT Solutions Class 8

English Poorvi Hindi Malhar Maths Ganita Prakash Science Curiosity Social Exploring Society

The Role of the Judiciary in Our Society – NCERT Solutions

Q.1: What is the concept of justice?

Solution:

Justice means ensuring fairness, equality, and impartiality in society. It protects people’s rights, resolves disputes, and ensures that everyone is treated according to the law without discrimination.

Q.2: Why is it important for a just and harmonious society?

Solution:

Justice promotes equality, protects fundamental rights, and maintains peace and harmony. It builds trust in the legal system, prevents discrimination, and helps create a stable and fair society.

Q.3: What is the structure and role of the judiciary in India?

Solution:

The Indian judiciary has three levels: the Supreme Court, High Courts, and District and Subordinate Courts. It interprets laws, protects the Constitution, safeguards fundamental rights, and delivers justice by resolving disputes.

Q.4: What are the alternative modes of dispute resolution?

Solution:

Alternative modes of dispute resolution include mediation, arbitration, conciliation, and Lok Adalats. These methods help settle disputes quickly, peacefully, and at a lower cost without lengthy court proceedings.

Q.5: Write a model letter to the High Court or Supreme Court about a current social issue you have observed to bring it to the notice of the judiciary.

Solution:

To
The Hon’ble Chief Justice
High Court of ________
Subject: Request for Action Against Plastic Pollution
Respected Sir/Madam,
I am a student and would like to bring to your notice the growing problem of plastic pollution in our locality. Plastic waste is being dumped on roads, in drains, and near water bodies, causing environmental pollution and health hazards.

I kindly request the Hon’ble Court to direct the concerned authorities to ensure proper waste management, strictly enforce the ban on single-use plastics, and create awareness among the public about keeping the environment clean.

I hope appropriate steps will be taken to protect public health and the environment.
Thanking you.
Yours faithfully,
ABC
Class IX
Date: ________

Q.6: Imagine that you are part of the legislature or executive. Given the large number of cases in the judicial system, what are some innovative solutions that you can devise to address the issue?

Solution:

If I were part of the legislature or executive, I would suggest the following solutions:

Appoint more judges and court staff to reduce the backlog of cases.
Establish more courts, especially in areas with heavy caseloads.
Promote mediation, arbitration, and Lok Adalats for quicker dispute resolution.
Use technology such as e-filing, video conferencing, and digital records to speed up court proceedings.
Set time limits for hearing and disposing of cases wherever possible.
Increase legal awareness so that minor disputes are settled before reaching the courts.

Q.7: Create a moot court and enact the following cases. What are the considerations that the judge might need to take into account to arrive at a just outcome?

Anita and Sameer worked in a factory that produced different types of screws. They had both completed an Industrial Training Institute diploma and joined the factory together. One day, Anita discovered that she was getting paid less than Sameer for the same job. After many appeals to her boss and no change in her salary, she decided to go to court. Enact this scene from the litigants’ perspective, showcasing their respective points of view. What might be the outcome of the case?
The people of a village living next to a river used its water for drinking and irrigation purposes. Gradually, they began to notice that the clear water was turning a brownish colour and had begun to smell too. Many people were falling sick. They figured that this was due to the effluents that were being discharged by a factory upstream. What are the steps that the residents of the village could take to ensure that the water is clean again?

Solution:

Anita and Sameer’s Case Judge’s considerations:
- Whether Anita and Sameer performed the same work with equal qualifications and responsibilities.
- Whether there was any valid reason for the difference in wages.
- Whether the employer violated the principle of equal pay for equal work.
- Whether Anita’s rights under the law were infringed.
Likely outcome:
- If the court finds that Anita and Sameer did the same work with equal qualifications, it may order the employer to pay Anita equal wages and provide any unpaid salary difference.
(ii) Polluted River Case Steps the villagers could take:
- Report the pollution to the Pollution Control Board and local authorities.
- Collect evidence such as water samples and medical records.
- File a complaint before the appropriate court or the National Green Tribunal (NGT).
- Request the court to stop the factory from releasing untreated effluents.
- Seek compensation for affected people and demand restoration of the river.
Judge’s considerations:
- Whether the factory was responsible for polluting the river.
- Scientific evidence linking the pollution to the factory.
- The impact on public health and the environment.
- Whether environmental laws had been violated and what remedies should be ordered.

Q.8: Many eminent individuals from across India have served as Supreme Court or High Court judges. Write an essay about one such individual from your state or district, talking about their contributions as a judge of the Supreme Court or High Court.

Solution:

Justice H.R. Khanna was one of India’s most respected Supreme Court judges. He is remembered for his courage, honesty, and commitment to protecting the Constitution and fundamental rights.

His most significant contribution came during the ADM Jabalpur (Habeas Corpus) case in 1976, when he gave a courageous dissenting judgment. While most judges ruled that fundamental rights could be suspended during the Emergency, Justice Khanna argued that the right to life and personal liberty should always be protected.

His fearless stand strengthened the principles of justice, the rule of law, and judicial independence. Justice H.R. Khanna’s dedication to fairness and constitutional values continues to inspire judges, lawyers, and citizens across India.

Q.9: Have an interaction with anyone you know who is a part of the judicial system. Try to understand their work, the challenges they face, and what gives them satisfaction. Create a small presentation and share it with the class. You can do this in small groups.

Solution:

Small Presentation: Interaction with a Judicial Officer

Slide 1 – Introduction

We interacted with a lawyer working in the judicial system.
We asked about their work, challenges, and experiences.

Slide 2 – Their Work

They represent clients and present cases before the court.
They study legal documents, prepare arguments, and explain legal matters.

Slide 3 – Challenges

Handling a large number of cases can be difficult.
Understanding complex laws and preparing cases requires considerable time and effort.
Meeting deadlines and managing clients’ expectations can also be challenging.

Slide 4 – Satisfaction

Helping people understand and access justice gives them satisfaction.
Successfully resolving cases and protecting people’s rights makes their work meaningful.

Slide 5 – What We Learned

The judicial system requires fairness, patience, responsibility, and knowledge of law.
We understood that everyone involved in the justice system has an important role in ensuring justice.