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Posted by Poonam Verma 5 years ago (3558415)
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Posted by Poonam Verma 5 years ago (3558415)
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Yogita Ingle 5 years ago (2577571)
किसी संस्था के उद्देश्यों की पूर्ति के लिए उसकी विभिन्न क्रियाओं में सांमजस्य व तालमेल स्थापित करना ‘समन्वय’ कहलाता है। यह प्रबन्ध का वह कार्य है जो किसी संस्था के विभिन्न विभागों, कर्मचारियों तथा उसके समूहों में इस प्रकार एकीकरण स्थापित करता है कि न्यूनतम लागत पर वाछिंत उद्देश्यों की पूर्ति में सहायता मिलती है।
‘समन्वय प्रबन्ध का सार है।’ सार किसी वस्तु की आन्तरिक प्रकृति अथवा उसके महत्वपूर्ण गुण का नाम है। समन्वय वह महत्वपूर्ण तत्व है जिससे प्रबन्ध प्रक्रिया का निर्माण होता है। यह नियोजन की अवस्था में ही प्रारम्भ हो जाता है तथा संगठन, निर्देशन, नियन्त्रण आदि सभी कार्यों के साथ चलता है। समन्वय से ही प्रबन्ध निम्न वांछित परिणाम उपलब्ध कर पाता हैl
Posted by Harsh Choudhary 5 years ago (10320364)
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Anjali Bhardwaj 5 years ago (10134724)
Posted by Haris 5 years ago (7850587)
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Yogita Ingle 5 years ago (2577571)
Lower Level Management or Supervisory Level (consists of supervisors, foremen and superintendents).
Functions performed at operational/supervisory level are:
(a) They interact with the actual workforce and pass on instructions of the middle management.
(b) Maintains discipline among workers.
(c) Ensures quality output, minimum wastage and safety standards.
Posted by Ayushi Kapoor 5 years ago (3594263)
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Posted by Ritesh Yadav 5 years ago (10307614)
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Yogita Ingle 5 years ago (2577571)
All organic compounds are derivatives of hydrocarbons.
The derivatives are obtained by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms with some other atom or a group
of atoms.
The new set of compounds formed after replacement has functions different from the parent hydrocarbon.
Functional group:
An atom or a group of atoms present in the molecules, which determines the characteristics property of the organic compounds, is called the functional group.
Posted by Rohit Rai 5 years ago (9812785)
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Yogita Ingle 5 years ago (2577571)
Magnesium nitrate crystallizes with six molecules of water while barium nitrate crystallizes as the anhydrous salt. This again shows that the tendency to form hydrates decreases with increasing size and decreasing hydration enthalpy down the group.
Posted by Rajneesh Savita 5 years ago (9572476)
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Dhruv Singhal 5 years ago (5110503)
Posted by Aman Panwar 5 years ago (10346441)
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Yogita Ingle 5 years ago (2577571)
शब्द, रंग, रेखाएँ किसी भी माध्यम से, जिसमे रचनाकार को सहजता और सुविधा महसूस हो, रचना की जा सकती है।कविता के लिये प्रतिभा की आवश्यक्ता होती है। कवितासांकेतिक होती है। बिम्ब और कल्पनाशक्ति उसमें महत्वपूर्ण स्थान रखते हैं।
Posted by Rajneesh Savita 5 years ago (9572476)
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Gaurav Seth 5 years ago (2898529)
De Broglie proposed that the wave length λ associated with a particle of momentum p is given by, λ = h/p = h/(m v), where m is the mass of the particle and v its speed.
The above equation is known as the de Broglie relation and the wavelength λ of the matter wave is called de Broglie wavelength.
The above equation shows that λ is smaller for a heavier particle (large m) or more energetic particle (large v).
Posted by Rajneesh Savita 5 years ago (9572476)
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Gaurav Seth 5 years ago (2898529)
Let
the uniform surface charge density of a thin spherical shell of radius R .Let us find out electric field intensity at a point P outside or inside the shell.
1. Field outside the shell-
Let us find out electric field intensity at a point P outside the spherical shell, such that OP=r. Here we take Gaussian surface as a sphere of radius r. the electric field intensity,
is same at every point of Gaussian surface, directed radially outwards (as is unit vector
, so that
)
Hence it is clear that electric intensity at any point outside the spherical shell is such, as if the entire charge is concentrated at the centre of the shell.
2. Field at the surface of the shell-
For this we have r = R

If
is the charge density on the shell, then

3. Field inside the shell-
If the point P lies inside the spherical shell, then Gaussian surface is a surface of sphere of radius r(
As there is no charge inside the spherical shell, Gaussian surface encloses no charge.

That is q=0
E = 0
Hence the field inside the spherical shell is always zero.
Posted by Asmitha Perumal 5 years ago (7381805)
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Gaurav Seth 5 years ago (2898529)
This chapter is an extract from the autobiography of Nelson Mandela (born- 18 July, 1918), the first Black President of South Africa. It begins with the description of their inaugural ceremony which took place on the 10th of May 1994 where the entire nation along with many international leaders embraced the victory of a newly and fairly elected government. It involved speeches by the President and the two Deputy Presidents followed by an impressive air show of fighter jets and helicopters. Long ago, in the first decade of the twentieth century, white supremacy introduced the system of apartheid and made life a living hell for the dark-skinned population. It gave rise to one of the most inhumane societies of the world. Many people have struggled and sacrificed for basic human rights. The author expressed his desire to thank all those freedom fighters who couldn’t live to see this autumn day. He referred to the citizens as the greatest asset of the country. It is these people he gathered his courage from. Mandela believes that courageous is not the man who is fearless, but the man who has overcome fear. He also mentioned the two responsibilities every human has and how in order to fulfil his obligation towards the society, his obligation towards his family was neglected. He became a man of people when he realised that the idea of freedom was an illusion for him and people like him. It was then he joined the African National Congress and fought for his rights till he became the first black President of the nation. According to him, the oppressor is as much a prisoner as the oppressed. As soon as the former robs the oppressed of their freedom he, himself gets robbed of his humanity. Thus, the oppressor too, is not free.
Posted by Rohit Kukreja 5 years ago (8526840)
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Gaurav Seth 5 years ago (2898529)
Apparatus: A battery (12 V), a variable resistance for a rheostat), an ammeter (0-5 A), a plug key, and a long straight thick copper wire. Procedure: Fix the cardboard and insert the wire through the centre of cardboard such that it is normal to its plane. Connect the wire with rheostat, ammeter, battery and plug key in series Sprinkle the iron filings uniformly on the cardboard. Keep the variable of the rheostat at a fixed position and note the current through the ammeter. Close the key and gently tap the cardboard. Observe the pattern of the iron filings over the cardboard.
The magnetic field lines are formed in concentric circles around the current carrying conductor and whose centre lies on the wire. These lines do not intersect each other and are equidistant from each other. 1. Right hand thumb rule II. Since alpha particles are positively charged so a magnetic field will be produced. But neutrons are neutral charge so no magnetic field is produced.
Posted by Lucky Singh 5 years ago (9824468)
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Gaurav Seth 5 years ago (2898529)
Packing and Unpacking a Tuple : In Python there is a very powerful tuple assignment feature that assigns right hand side of values into left hand side. In other way it is called unpacking of a tuple of values into a variable. In packing, we put values into a new tuple while in unpacking we extract those values into a single variable.
Posted by Vanshika Isser 5 years ago (8857433)
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Posted by Neha Chaurasiya 5 years ago (10307845)
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Posted by Nikku Ad 5 years ago (9683457)
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Rohit Rai 5 years ago (9812785)
Bhargav Vakharia 5 years ago (10194284)
Nikku Ad 5 years ago (9683457)
Posted by Rohit Rai 5 years ago (9812785)
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Posted by Sawan Kasare 5 years ago (3818326)
- 0 answers
Posted by Lucky Singh 5 years ago (9824468)
- 3 answers
Gaurav Seth 5 years ago (2898529)
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Posted by 𝓼𝓷𝓮𝓱𝓪 𝓢𝓾𝓶𝓪𝓷 5 years ago (4547992)
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Yogita Ingle 5 years ago (2577571)
'A happy ending' refer to the following— The Parsis built their own gymkhana to play cricket in. A Parsis team beat the Bombay Gymkhana at cricket in 1889.
Posted by Cluster Muster 5 years ago (7270393)
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Nikku Ad 5 years ago (9683457)
Posted by Cricket Boy 5 years ago (10161911)
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Posted by Madhur Kumar 5 years ago (10341781)
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Gaur Saab?? 5 years ago (9188167)
Posted by 𝓼𝓷𝓮𝓱𝓪 𝓢𝓾𝓶𝓪𝓷 5 years ago (4547992)
- 5 answers
Pravesh Bharti 4 years, 11 months ago (10252386)
Priyanshu Shil 5 years ago (10348186)
Yogita Ingle 5 years ago (2577571)
Mosque, Arabic masjid or jāmiʿ, any house or open area of prayer in Islam. The Arabic word masjid means “a place of prostration” to God, and the same word is used in Persian, Urdu, and Turkish.
Alfisha Mansuri 5 years ago (10347327)
Posted by Rohit Rai 5 years ago (9812785)
- 3 answers
Yogita Ingle 5 years ago (2577571)
Germanium was called eka-silicon in Mendeleef's time.
Posted by Hardik Pandey 5 years ago (9599434)
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Yogita Ingle 5 years ago (2577571)
If we draw one diagonal to quadrilateral we will get two triangles i.e. △ABC and △ACD and we know that sum of the angles of a triangle is 180o
Sum of angles of quadrilateral ABCD=sum of angles of △ABC + sum of the angles △ACD
= 180o+180o
= 360o
Posted by Hardik Pandey 5 years ago (9599434)
- 3 answers
Satyam Kumar 5 years ago (10355211)
Yogita Ingle 5 years ago (2577571)
An alloy is a substance made by melting two or more elements together, at least one of them metal. An alloy crystallizes upon cooling into a solid solution, mixture, or intermetallic compound. The components of alloys cannot be separated using a physical means. An alloy is homogeneous and retains the properties of a metal, even though it may include metalloids or nonmetals in its composition.
Rohit Kirtania 5 years ago (10334124)
Posted by Chethanya.R Chethanya 5 years ago (10346359)
- 5 answers
Shubham Shubham 5 years ago (3976657)

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Yogita Ingle 5 years ago (2577571)
इस सवाल के लिए धन्यवाद। मेंरा जवाब मेंरी निजी सोच, मान्यता व अनुभव के आधार पर है। अन्य मत का स्वागत है।
१). हम क्वोरा में लोकतंत्र, लोकतंत्र ही तो खेल रहे हैं। अगर लोकतंत्र नहीं होता तो क्वोरा भी नहीं होता (हां, शायद होता, पर यह ‘कोरा’ होता)। अतः मुझे सवाल में ‘दोष’ शब्द का स्तेमाल अतिरेक पू्र्ण लगा। कोई भी प्रद्धति पूर्ण रूप से खामी मुक्त नहीं होती है, अतः लोकतांत्रिक शासन पद्धति भी पूर्ण रूप से खामी रहित नहीं है। फिर भी पहले तो यही कहुंगा कि यह शासन व्यवस्था, अन्य उपलब्ध शासन व्यवस्थाओं में सर्वाधिक स्वाभाविक व मानव स्वभाव के करीब है, व सबसे श्रेष्ठ है। खामियां भी प्रद्धति में नहीं, हमारी अपनी कमजोरियों की वजह से है (अगर हम बारीश में रैनकोट अथवा छाता ना लें और भिगने का दोष बारीश पर लगाएं तो यह सही नहीं होगा)। फिर इन खामियों को दूर करने की क्षमता भी इसी व्यवस्था में ही है।
२). भारत के संदर्भ में : हमें ऐसा जरूर प्रतित होता है कि लोकतंत्र में कार्य संपादन की गति धीमी होती है, वोट की राजनीति की मजबुरी की वजह से राजनेताओं में बदलाव के प्रति अरुचि रहती है व यथास्थितिवाद/ तदर्थवाद हावी रहता है। (इनकी वजह है बार बार के चुनाव, सामाजिक आर्थिक विषमता, मतदाता में स्वतंत्र चिंतन का अभाव जिस वजह से वोट बैंक की राजनीति का फलना फुलना, आदि। उम्मीद है सुधार होगा)।
३). कुछ लोग अभिव्यक्ति की स्वतंत्रता का दुरूपयोग करते हैं। पर इनसे निपटने की सामर्थ्य भी लोक-तंत्र में ही है।
४). लोकतंत्र में व्यवस्था संचालन एक सिस्टम के तहत होता है। व खासियत यह है कि सिस्टम पर नजर/ नियंत्रण करने की उत्तम व्यवस्था भी है, संस्थाओं के रूप में। और सबसे ऊपर है ‘जन(ता)’ जिसे इन सब को नियंत्रित करने का अधिकार प्राप्त है (मानव स्वभाव है कि वह शासन करना चाहता है, शासित नहीं होना चाहता यह सुविधा लोकतंत्र में ही संभव है)।
५). दोष : चुंकि लोकतंत्र आमजन की सामुहिक चेतना से संचालित होता है, अतः इसमें वे सभी दोष हैं जो मानव में है। अतः जो में वे सभी कमियां है उसके लिए तंत्र जिम्मेदार नहीं है। तो मेंरे हिसाब से स्थति तनावपूर्ण जरूर है, पर नियंत्रण में है। लोकतंत्र में सरकार चलाना एक बहुत बड़े संयुक्त परिवार के संचालन जैसा है। हम अपने-अपने घरों में देख सकते हैं। सभी के मुंह से यही निकलेगा “हम बदलेंगें, युग बदलेगा”।
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