Geometrical isomerism is a type of stereoisomerism having the same molecular formula and same structure but differ in the relative arrangement of atoms.

An example of geometric isomerism you will meet at an introductory level is but-2-ene. In one case, the CH₃ groups are on opposite sides of the double bond, and in the other case, they are on the same side. The two most common types of geometric isomers are those arising from a double bond and those arising from a ring structure. These type of geometric isomers are also called cis/trans isomers. When two identical groups occupy adjacent positions, the isomer is called cis and when arranged opposite to one another, the isomer is called trans. e.g[Pt(NH₃​)₂​Cl₂​]

Following are the ways in which we come to know that the author's grandmother was a religious person  
(i) She hobbled about the house in a white saree, always carrying and telling the beads of her rosary.  
(ii) When the author was in the village with her, he would always find her saying morning prayer while she bathed and dressed him up.  
(iii) The grandmother would always go to the village school with her grandson because the school was attached to the temple. While the children were taught, the grandmother would sit inside the temple and read scriptures.  
(iv) She would always feed the animals (dogs in the village) and birds (sparrows in the city) because she thought it to be a part of religious rituals.  
(v) The last moments of her life were spent in praying rather than talking to her family members.

The author‟s grandmother was a religious lady with a kind heart. Her one hand was always busy in telling the beads of her rosary. Her lips constantly moved in an inaudible prayer. She used to get up early in the morning. She did her morning prayer in “a monotonous sing-song”. Everyday, she went along with the author to his school and while narrator studied she sat in a temple and read scriptures Later, in the city she was unhappy that there was no religious teaching at school. Before dying, she stopped talking to her family members and turned to prayers, and telling the beads.

 Leadership is the ability to intentionally provide positive influence on the lives and behaviours of others. The leader should possess qualities that are sought for and admired by followers. A leader must initiate an activity, under the groups needs, and carry the acitivty to completion.

The leadership quality in physical education is as below:

1. Energetic 

2. Friendliness and Affection 

3. Decisiveness 

4. Technically skilled 

5. Intelligent 

6. Teaching skill 

7. Creative 

8. Interest in research 

9. Good health 

10.Dedication and Determination 

11.High motor capacity 

12.Respect for other People 

13.Social 

14.Logical and Decision-maker 

15.Morality and Loyalty 

16.Good communicator.

• The mitochondria is a double-membraned cell organelle, known as the powerhouse of the cell which is present in all eukaryotic cells.
• It was first discovered by Albert von Kolliker in the year 1857.
• It was named as bioblast by Richard Altman in the year 1886.
• The term mitochondria was coined by Carl Benda in the year 1898. 

Keeping all other factors the same, when there is a change in demand of a commodity due to change in price, it is referred to as the change in quantity demanded. It is shown as a movement along the demand curve when expressed graphically.

Changes in demand include an increase or decrease in demand. Due to the change in the price of related goods, the income of consumers, and the preferences of consumers, etc. the demand for a product or service changes.

So there are two possible changes in demand:

• Increase (shift to the right) in demand
• Decrease (shift to the left) in demand

Law of demand is regarded as one of the most basic concepts that is being studied in the field of Economics. It states that keeping all other factors constant (cetris peribus) the demanded quantity of a good is shown to exhibit an inverse relationship with the price of a good.

In simple words, with an increase in price, the demand decreases and with a decrease in price, the demand increases. The law of demand is used in conjunction with the law of supply to determine efficient resource allocation and optimum quantity and price of goods.

The consumer preference theory helps in understanding the combination of goods that a consumer might prefer taking into account budgetary constraints and price of goods in the market.

The best explanation for this is found in Microeconomics using the demand function, where demand functions are derived from the indifference curves.

(i) Price of the commodity: When price of the commodity increases in the market, its quantity decreases and vice-versa.

(ii) Income of the consumer: Market demand for a commodity is directly related to income of the consumer. Increase in income of consumer causes increase in market demand for the commodity.

(iii) Prices of related goods: In case of substitute goods, demand for a commodity falls with fall in price of the substitute commodity. In case of complementary goods, market demand for the commodity rises with a fall in the price of complementary commodity.

(iv) Tastes and Preferences: If consumer's tastes and preferences change, quantity demanded of the commodity will also change.

(v) Income Distribution: If income distribution is even, market demand for the commodity will be more than otherwise.

(vi) Size of Population: Higher population implies greater market demand for goods and services and vice-versa.

The Price Elasticity of Demand refers to the degree of responsiveness of demand to the change in the price of the commodity.

Types of price Elasticity of Demand:

The following are the main types of price elasticity of demand:

1.       Relatively Elastic Demand:

Relatively elastic demand refers to the demand when the proportionate change produced in demand is greater than the proportionate change in price of a product. The numerical value of relatively elastic demand ranges between one to infinity.

2.       Relatively Inelastic Demand:

Relatively inelastic demand is one when the percentage change produced in demand is less than the percentage change in the price of a product. The numerical value of relatively elastic demand ranges between zero to one (e_p<1).

3.       Unitary Elastic Demand:

When the proportionate change in demand produces the same change in the price of the product, the demand is referred as unitary elastic demand. The numerical value for unitary elastic demand is equal to one (e_p=1).

4.       Perfectly Elastic Demand:

When a small change in price of a product causes a major change in its demand, it is said to be perfectly elastic demand. In perfectly elastic demand, a small rise in price results in fall in demand to zero, while a small fall in price causes increase in demand to infinity. In such a case, the demand is perfectly elastic or e_p = 00.

5.       Perfectly Inelastic Demand:

A perfectly inelastic demand is one when there is no change produced in the demand of a product with change in its price. The numerical value for perfectly inelastic demand is zero (e_p=0).

The discovery of mitochondria is accredited to the several scientists who contributed to the discovery of mitochondrion and identification of its structure and functions. The earliest accounts of description of mitochondria go back to 1840. However, Richard Altmann was the first one to recognize the occurrence of these organelles and called them bioblasts. The name mitochondria was coined by Carl Benda in 1898. Christian de Duve was a Belgian researcher who discovered lysosomes in 1949.

(D) Journal proper

Cash purchases are recorded in the Cash Book. Other purchases such as purchases of office equipment, furniture, building, are recorded in the journal proper if purchased on credit or in the cash book if purchased for cash.  On account is an accounting term that denotes the furniture or asset or service is purchased on credit.

(C) Ledger

Subsidiary Books are the sub divisions of a Journal. These books are meant for recording the transactions of a similar nature in a separate book. When there are many transactions, the Journal is sub-divided into subsidiary books to record such voluminous transactions and events in one single book. These books are also termed as 'Special Purpose Books or Special Journals or Book of Original/Primary/Prime entry'.

The country of Nepal has witnessed several people’s struggles for democracy. There was a people’s struggle in 1990 that established democracy that lasted for 12 years until 2002. In October 2002, King Gyanendra, citing the Maoist uprising in the countryside as his reason, began taking over different aspects of the government with the army’s assistance. The King then finally took over as the head of government in February 2005. In November 2005, the Maoists joined other political parties to sign a 12-point agreement. This agreement signalled to the larger public an imminent return to democracy and peace. In 2006, this people’s movement for democracy began gaining immense force. It repeatedly refused the small concessions that the King made and finally in April 2006 the King restored the Third Parliament and asked the political parties to form a government. In 2007, Nepal adopted an interim Constitution. The above photos show scenes from the people’s movement for democracy in 2006.

Nepal, a country that borders India on the north. Until quite recently, Nepal was a monarchy. The previous Constitution of Nepal, which had been adopted in 1990, reflected the fact that the final authority rested with the King. A people’s movement in Nepal fought for several decades to establish democracy and in 2006 they finally succeeded in putting an end to the powers of the King. Now the people have to write a new Constitution to establish Nepal as a democracy. The reason that they do not want to continue with the previous Constitution is because it does not reflect the ideals of the country that they want Nepal to be, and that they have fought for.

Answer:

When, Amenhotep IV became the pharaoh, he promoted the worship of Aten, and changed his name to Akhetan. He moved the religious capital from Thebes to a new city of Akhetaten. Besides these, he also attacked Amun, the major God, smashing his images and closing his temples.

Indifference Set : It is a set of those combination of two goods which offer the consumer the same level of satisfaction, so that, the consumer is indifferent across any number of combination in his indifference set. 

Monotonic Preferences : onotonic preferences refers to a situation where the consumer will prefer more quantity of commodities than lesser quantity.

Projectile Motion

When any object is thrown from horizontal at an angle θ except 90°, then the path followed by it is called trajectory, the object is called projectile and its motion is called projectile motion.

If any object is thrown with velocity u, making an angle θ, from horizontal, then

• Horizontal component of initial velocity = u cos θ.
• Vertical component of initial velocity = u sin θ.
• Horizontal component of velocity (u cos θ) remains same during the whole journey as no acceleration is acting horizontally.
• Vertical component of velocity (u sin θ) decreases gradually and becomes zero at highest point of the path.
• At highest point, the velocity of the body is u cos θ in horizontal direction and the angle between the velocity and acceleration is 90°.

Important Points & Formulae of Projectile Motion

1. At highest point, the linear momentum is mu cos θ and the kinetic energy is (1/2)m(u cos θ)².
2. The horizontal displacement of the projectile after t seconds
   x = (u cos θ)t
3. The vertical displacement of the projectile after t seconds
   y = (u sin θ) t — (1/2)gt²
4. Equation of the path of projectile
   
5. The path of a projectile is parabolic.
6. Kinetic energy at lowest point = (1/2) mu²
7. Linear momentum at lowest point = mu
8. Acceleration of projectile is constant throughout the motion and it acts vertically downwards being equal to g.
9. Angular momentum of projectile = mu cos θ x h, where h denotes the height.
10. In case of angular projection, the angle between velocity and acceleration varies from 0° < θ < 180°.
11. The maximum height occurs when the projectile covers a horizontal distance equal to half of the horizontal range, i.e., R/2.
12. When the maximum range of projectile is R, then its maximum height is R/4.

Macromolecules are basically polymers, long chains of molecular sub-units called monomers. Carbohydrates, proteins and nucleic acids are found as long polymers. Due to their polymeric nature and large size, they are known as macromolecules.

The large complex molecules having molecular weights more than one thousand Dalton which occur in colloidal state in the intercellular fluid are called macromolecules. They are formed by the polymerization of low molecular weight micromolecules. For example: Polysaccharides, proteins, lipids, etc.

Walt Whitman

"The Voice of the Rain" is a short free-verse poem by the American poet Walt Whitman. Originally published in a periodical called Outing in 1885, it was later reprinted in Leaves of Grass, Whitman's most celebrated collection of verse.

Aristocracy- a class of persons holding exceptional rank and privileges, especially the hereditary nobility.

Find the critical points, here they are 1 and 3.
solve for x<1,
-(x-1)-(-(x-3))≥0
-x+1+x-3≥0
-2≥0 (not possible)
Thus, x should be greater than 1
For 1 ≤ x ≤ 3
(x-1)-(-(x-3))≥0
2x-4≥0
x≥2
So one solution set is 2≤x≤3
For x>3
(x-1)-(x-3)≥0
2≥0
Therefore from above two results,
x≥2

Shanshui is the concept in chinese culture which means 'mountain water". here, mountain means yang- going vertically towards heaven. it is high, warm, dry in sun, and masculine. The water represents yin- floating on the surface of earth. it is calm, cool, and supposedly femanine.

Lets consider a body is acted by the variable force