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Gaurav Seth 6 years ago
Freely movable joints are the joints which solely help in the movement of the structure or organ in which they are present. Four immovable joints present in our body are Ball and socket joint, Pivot joint, hinge joint and the gliding joint.
- Ball and socket joint: This joint is formed by two bones in which one end of a bone is rounded and ball-like. It fits into a cup-like depression of the other bone. This joint provides movement in any direction. Examples of a ball and socket joint are shoulder joints and hip joints.
- Pivot joint: This is the joint in which one bone fits into a ring formed by the other bone. It rotates over the pivot-like end of the other bone. Example is the joint which joins the neck to the head. Head rotates over the neck.
- Hinge joint: This is a joint which moves like a hinge in a single plane not more than 180 degrees. It provides back and forth movement of the structure. This is a joint which can be compared to that of a hinge in the door. Examples of a hinge joint are the elbow joint and the knee joint.
- Gliding joints: This is a joint which allows bones to glide over each other. These types of joints provide little movement in all directions. These are the joints present at the ankles,wrist and between vertebrae.
Posted by Shikha Sharma 6 years ago
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Pradeep Hitnalli 6 years ago
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Posted by Mardam Yinyo 6 years ago
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Yogita Ingle 6 years ago
Anaerobic respiration is also used by multi-cellular organisms, like us, as a temporary response to oxygen-less conditions. During heavy or intensive exercise such as running, sprinting, cycling or weight lifting, our body demands high energy. As the supply of oxygen is limited, the muscle cells inside our body resort to anaerobic respiration to fulfill the energy demand.
Posted by Mardam Yinyo 6 years ago
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Yogita Ingle 6 years ago
Electron transport system is an integral part of the cellular respiration. Electrons are passed to oxygen through electron carriers which results in the formation of H2O. Electron carriers fall into three categories here.
(A) Electron Acceptors
NAD (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) and FAD (Flavin adenine dinucleotide) both accept electrons and get reduced to NADH+H+ and FADH2.
This occurs during process glycolysis, oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvic acid and Krebs’ cycle.
(B) Respiratory Coenzyme Complexes
Complex I - NADH dehydrogenase: It oxidises NADH+ H+ and receives electrons or H+ ions from NADH+H+. These electrons are then passed to the mobile electron carrier ubiquinone.
Complex II - Succinate dehydrogenase: It oxidises FADH2 and the release electrons are sent to the mobile electron carrier ubiquinone.
Complex III - Cytochrome b + cytochrome c1: Cytochrome bc1 complex accepts electrons from ubiquinone and passes them to the mobile electron carrier cytochrome c.
Complex IV - Cytochrome a, a3: Complex IV accepts electrons from cytochrome c and passes them to oxygen. Oxygen acts as a final hydrogen or electron acceptor. Oxygen when combines with two protons it forms a molecule of water.
(C) Mobile Electron Carriers
Ubiquinone: It is a carrier between complex I and complex II. It transfers electrons from NADH to complex III.
Cytochrome c: It is a carrier between complex II and complex III. It transfers electrons to complex IV.
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Yogita Ingle 6 years ago
Ecology is a branch of science including human science, population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere. Ecology is the study of organisms, environment and how the organisms interact with each other and their environment. It is studied at various levels such as organism, population, community, biosphere, and ecosystem.
Ecologist’s primary goal is to improve their understanding of life processes, adaptations and habitats, interactions and biodiversity of organisms.
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Ketan Tiwari 6 years ago

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Shikha Sharma 6 years ago
1Thank You