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Sia ? 6 years, 5 months ago
Endonucleases are enzymes that cleave the phosphodiester bond within a polynucleotide chain.
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Yogita Ingle 6 years, 5 months ago
The vegetative or asexual propagation is that process where a new individual plant originates from another (parent) plant’s vegetative part (stem, root or leaf) as the former would resemble the latter in terms of their characteristics. Here we will be discussing the natural ways of vegetative propagation:
Vegetative propagation by roots
In this case, adventitious buds are formed by certain plant roots like poplars, guava, murraya, shisham etc. Necessary food quantities are present in certain tuberous adventitious roots despite having adventitious buds like sweet potato and Dahlia. Given the proper conditions, these buds sprout well, provided they are planted after separation. In the case of plants like shisham, new roots that grow fast would rise from the stump cuts.
Vegetative propagation by stems
Here, the newly formed branches are isolated by the older parts that undergo decay. The former hence has an individual life.The decay of older parts isolates the newly formed branches. The latter henceforth lead an independent life. Certain corms like freesia, colocasia, crocus etc have ample food stored while being able to produce buds that are adventitious. Bulbs like Narcissus, Garlic and Onion are able to bear further bulbs
(i) Stem tuber:
These are found in items like Artichoke and Potato. Stem tubers are found in Potato and Artichoke. The potato tuber is that part of an underground stem branch that is swollen apically that could bear plenty of eyes or node. Every eye could bear further buds. More plants are formed from the eyes with buds.
(ii) Runner:
Stems that are aerially weak like doob grass, oxalis and so on once in contact with ground produces adventitious roots at nodes. Once the old parts of the plant decay, the branches split to gain individual existence.
Vegetative propagation by leaf
Certain plants are able to bud adventitiously on leaves like streptocarpus, saintpaulia, bryophyllum and so on. While the leaf is attached to the plant, the buds are in the dormant state. But once the leaves are in contact with moist soil, new plantlets with margins are formed. There are certain species of bryophyllum which could form plants from intact leaves margin.
Posted by Somnath Ghosh 6 years, 5 months ago
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Yogita Ingle 6 years, 5 months ago
Akbar’s Darbar were as:
(i) The physical arrangement of the court, focused on the sovereign, mirrored his status as the heart of society.
(ii) Its centrepiece was therefore the throne, which gave physical form to the function of the sovereign as axis mundi.
(iii) The canopy, a symbol of kingship in India for a millennium, was believed to separate the radiance of the sun from that of the sovereign.
(iv) In court, status was determined by spatial proximity to the king. The place accorded to a courtier by the ruler was a sign of his importance in the eyes of the emperor.
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Yogita Ingle 6 years, 5 months ago
The laws of thermodynamics define the fundamental physical quantities like energy, temperature and entropy that characterise thermodynamic systems at thermal equilibrium. The laws represent how these quantities behave under various circumstances. The four laws of thermodynamics are given below:
The Zeroth Law is the basis for the measurement of temperature. It states that: Two bodies which are in thermal equilibrium with a third body are in thermal equilibrium with each other.
The first law of thermodynamics which is also known as the conservation of energy principle states that:
Energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but it can be changed from one form to another.
The second law of thermodynamics states that: Energy in the form of heat only flows from regions of higher temperature to that of lower temperature.
The Third Law states that: The entropy of a perfect crystal is zero when the temperature of the crystal is equal to absolute zero (0 K)
Posted by Komal Priya 6 years, 5 months ago
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Yogita Ingle 6 years, 5 months ago
The extent to which current Aggregate Demand becomes higher than the Aggregate Demand required for full employment, it is termed as inflationary gap. Figure showing inflationary gap:
In this figure, full employment equilibrium struck at point E. If the level of demand increases to {tex}{{AD}_{1}}{/tex}
it is in excess of what is required to maintain full employment. This causes inflation. Inflationary Gap = EF (the difference between AD and {tex} {{AD}_{1}}{/tex}.
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Yogita Ingle 6 years, 5 months ago
The resonance involving delocalization of sigma electrons (unlike the usual delocalization of pi electrons) is known as sigma resonance or dancing resonance. Eg. Resonance in cyclopropylmethyl carbocation.
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