Life processes are the vital processes carried out by living organisms in order to maintain and sustain life. Molecular movements are essential to carry out the various life processes. Thus the processes which together perform the maintenance job are called life processes. Energy required to carry out the different life processes, is obtained through the process of nutrition. A series of chemical reactions in the body are necessary to obtain energy. Oxidising-reducing reactions are some of the most common chemical means to break-down molecules. The process of acquiring oxygen from outside the body, and to use it in the process of break-down of food sources for cellular needs, is called respiration. In the case of a single-celled organism, no specific organs for taking in food, exchange of gases or removal of wastes may be needed because the entire surface of the organism is in contact with the environment. In multi-cellular organisms, various body parts have specialised in the functions they perform.
The basic functions performed by living organisms to maintain their life on this earth are called life processes. The basic life processes common to all living organisms are – Nutrition and Respiration; Transport and Excretion; Control and Coordination; Growth; Movement and Reproduction.
 

Gauss’s Law

According to Gauss’s law, the total of the electric flux out of a closed surface is equal to the charge enclosed divided by the permittivity. The total electric flux through a closed surface is zero if no charge is enclosed by the surface.

• Gauss’s law is true for any closed surface, no matter what its shape or size.
• The term q on the right side of Gauss’s lawincludes the sum of all charges enclosed by the surface. The charges may be located anywhere inside the surface.
• In the situation when the surface is so chosen that there are some charges inside and some outside, the electric field [whose flux appears on the left side of Eq. (1.31)] is due to all the charges, both inside and outside S. The term q on the right side of Gauss’s law, however, represents only the total charge inside S.
• The surface that we choose for the application of Gauss’s law is called the Gaussian surface. The Gaussian surface can pass through a continuous charge distribution.
• Gauss’s law is useful for the calculation of the electrostatic field for a symmetric system.

Tailor made means, growing plants for a specific purpose such as high yield, disease resistant etc.

Using biotechnological methods, the genetic modification has been done in plants to create tailor-made plants to supply alternative resources to industries, in the form of starches, fuels and pharmaceuticals.

Home makers are mostly women who literally don't do any job, but in reality do most of the job. They are mostly married ladies who do all the household work day and night. Their work is really very much hard, still their work doesn't get any recognition in the society. Neither they get any economic benefits out of it, unlike their husband who get paid for the job outside.

Apparently it's like their work is uneconomical, but it is not so. They are the moral support for their husband whose working efficiency is very low without them. They reduce his working load by taking all the household works on their shoulder. They deserve great respect, care and love.