The Roman Empire (Latin: Imperium Romanum [ɪmˈpɛri.ũː roːˈmaːnũː]; Koinē Greek: Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, romanized: Basileía tōn Rhōmaíōn) was the post-Republican period of ancient Rome. As a polity it included large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Northern Africa, and Western Asia ruled by emperors.

There was lot of difference between the way in which the adults and children reacted when they faced danger. The adults lost hope and waited for their end with a heavy heart. At this point, they were motivated by the children. The children offered moral support to the adults. They displayed maturity and tolerance. Jonathan expressed his fearlessness and courage when he said that they were not afraid of dying if they all could be together. Sue expressed her love and gratitude for her parents by making a greeting card.
She was strong enough not to let her parents know about her serious injuries. She did not want to bother her parents at the time of crisis.

Equality is regarded as powerful moral ideal. It has inspired and guided all human society for many centuries. It is implicit in all faiths and religions which proclaim all human beings to be the creation of almighty.

Let us suppose the first force to be 3x and the other force to be 5x.

Now resultant can be given by sqrt [a*a + b*b + 2abcos(angle between a and b)]

so in this case the resutant becomes = sqrt [9x*x + 25x*x + 15x*x] = 35 N it is given

hence, 7x = 35

hence x = 5

so the values of the forces are 15N and 25N

• When the author, Khushwant Singh, was a little child, his parents left him in the village with his grandmother and went to live in the city.
• The author’s grandmother was an old lady. She was very religious. The author shared a very close bond with his grandmother. They became very good friends.
• The grandmother woke him up, dressed him and accompanied him to school. The school was attached to the temple.
• While the author was at school, the grandmother used to read the scriptures in the temple.
• When the author’s parents were well-settled, he and his grandmother also went to the city. It proved a turning point in their friendship.
• In the city, Khushwant Singh attended an English school and travelled in a motor bus. He learnt English words and topics of Western Science.
• The grandmother could no longer accompany him to his school nor help him in his studies. However, they shared the same room.
• When the author went to the University, he was given a separate room, Thus, the last link of their friendship was broken.
• The grandmother kept herself busy in her prayers and spinning the wheel. Her favourite part of the day was feeding the sparrows.
• When the author went abroad for higher studies, the grandmother came to see him off at the station but she showed no emotions and was not even sentimental.
• The author came back after five years and was received by his grandmother at the station. She was unchanged and did not look a day older.
• In the evening, the grandmother did not pray and instead collected the women of the neighbourhood and celebrated her grandson’s homecoming,
• The grandmother fell ill the next day and she knew that her end was near.
• She stopped talking and closed her eyes. She was lost in her prayers and counting the beads of her rosary. Suddenly, the rosary fell down and her lips stopped moving. She was dead.
• Thousands.of sparrows assembled in the room and sat quietly to mourn her death. They did not even eat the crumbs given by the author’s mother.
• After the grandmother’s body was taken for cremation, the sparrows flew away silently.

On 4th January, the mental condition of the voyagers was vacillating between hope and despair. After 36 hours of continuous pumping, water had receded but they still had to keep pace with the water still coming in. The captain's wife provided them with the first meal in two days of some corned beef and cracker biscuits. However, this respite was only short-lived. The storm started building up and the situation again became worse. On 5th January, the situation was desperate. When the captain went to his children to comfort them, the small boy asked him innocently if they all were going to die but added that he did not mind dying as long as all were the family members were together. This strengthened the captain's determination to fight all odds and survive. 

Give and take among different disciplines (or subjects) :

(i) Sociology is one age group of social sciences, which also includes authropology, economics political science and history.

(ii) The division among various sociail sciences are not clearent, and all share a certain range of common interest, concepts and methods, Today there is greater gave and take among all disciplines because most subjects rela ted with social sciences are interrelated and upto some extent interdependent also.

(iii) Socilogy and Economics : (a) The sociological approach looks at economic behaviour in a broarder context of social norms, values, practices and interest. The coporate sectors managers are aware of this. The? large

investment in the advertisment industry is directly linked to the need to re-shape lifestyles and consumption patterns.

(b) The define scope of economics has helped in facilating its development as a highly focused, coherent discipline, Sociologists often entry every the economists for the precision of their technology and the exactness of their measures. And the ability to traslate the results of their theortical work into practical suggestion having measure implication for public policy. Yet economists predictive ability often suffer precirely because of their neglect of individual behaviour, cultural norms and institutional resistance which sociologists study.

(c) Sociology unlike economics usually does not provide technical solutions. But it encourages a questioning and critical perspective. This helps questioning of basic assumptions. Recent trends have been seen a resurgence of economic sociology perhaps because of both this wider and critical perspective of sociology.

(d) Sociology provides clearer or more adequate understanding of a social situation than existed before. This can be either on the level of factual knowledge, or through gaining an improved group of why something is happening (in other words, by means of theoretical understanding).

o check the flooding of the water in the ship, the following steps were taken   (a) The captain stretched canvas and secured waterproof hatch covers across the gaping holes. With this step taken, the water still seeped, but most of it was now being deflected over the side. (b) When the hand pumps started to block up, the author found another electric pump under the chartroom floor and connected it to an out pipe.  

 On their second day out of Cape Town, they began to encounter strong gales. For the next few weeks they blew continuously and furiously. The size of the waves was alarming. They rose up to 15 metres, as high as their main mast. The captain took certain urgent steps to protect the boat. He decided to slow down the speed of the boat. Storm jib was dropped. Heavy mooring ropes were looped across the stern. They went through their life-raft drill. Lifelines were attached. They put on oilskins and their life jackets. But all these precautions proved inadequate. The roar of high waves increased to a thunder. Then a loud explosion shook the deck.

Mesopotamia important to Europeans because:

• Mesopotamia has good fertile land and it is considered to be ancestors' land.

• It is very important to Europeans because many inventions and developments started from here only.

• Mesopotamia is important to Europeans because it has Tigris and Euphrates rivers that's why Mesopotamia land is a fertile crescent and the soil is also nutrient-rich.

• This is one of the important reason Mesopotamia is so valuable to Europeans.

Some sources are the:

• Mesopotamian buildings, statues, ornaments taken after excavation,graves, tools and many seals.
• Many written documents are also available to study  the civilisation of Mesopotamian Civilisation.