Jacquard loom, also called Jacquard Attachment, orJacquard Mechanism, in weaving, device incorporated in special looms to control individual warp yarns. It enabled looms to produce fabrics having intricate woven patterns such as tapestry, brocade, and damask, and it has also been adapted to the production of patterned knitted fabrics. The Jacquard machine is a device fitted to a loom that simplifies the process of manufacturing textiles with such complex patterns as brocade, damask and matelassé. The resulting ensemble of the loom and Jacquard machine is then called a Jacquard loom. The machine was invented by Joseph Marie Jacquard in 1804, based on earlier inventions by the Frenchmen Basile Bouchon (1725), Jean Baptiste Falcon (1728), and Jacques Vaucanson (1740).The machine was controlled by a "chain of cards"; a number of punched cards laced together into a continuous sequence.[6] Multiple rows of holes were punched on each card, with one complete card corresponding to one row of the design. Several such paper cards, generally white in color, can be seen in the images below. Chains, like Bouchon's earlier use of paper tape, allowed sequences of any length to be constructed, not limited by the size of a card.

Marx's theory of class defines classes in their relation to their ownership and control of the means of production. In a capitalist society, the bourgeoisie, or the capitalist class, is the class that owns the means of production and derives a passive income from their operation. In capitalist society, the means of production (machinery, raw materials, etc.) are owned by the bourgeoisie.

The royal capital of Mari flourished after 2000 BCE. Mari is situated much further upstream on the Euphrates; rather than on the fertile southern plain. Some communities in the kingdom of Mari had both farmers and pastoralists. Most of its territory was used for pasturing sheep and goats. Exchange of materials was the norm between herders and farmers. But access or denial of access to water resources often led to conflict between herders and farmers. Nomadic communities of the western desert often came to the prosperous agricultural heartland. Some of them also worked as harvest laborers or hired soldiers. Some of them became prosperous and settled down. A few gained power to establish their own rule. Akkadians, Amorites, Assyrians and Aramaeans were examples of such herders.

Computer is an advanced electronic device that takes raw data as input from the user and processes these data under the control of set of instructions (called program) and gives the result (output) and saves output for the future use. It can process both numerical and non-numerical (arithmetic and logical) calculations.

Compiler, Computer software that translates (compiles) source code written in a high-level language (e.g., C++) into a set of machine-language instructions that can be understood by a digital computer's CPU. ... Compilers are very large programs, with error-checking and other abilities. In computing, a compiler is a computer program that translates computer code written in one programming language (the source language) into another language (the target language).

The author referred the island of Amsterdam as “'the most beautiful island in the world’. It was because after all the ordeals they had to face in the sea, the island came as a hope for them. It was a small piece of volcanic rock with scanty vegetation. They anchored their ship there and refurbished it.

When the wave walker first set out, the sea was calm and quiet. The first phase of the journey was pleasing. However, on their second day in Cape Town they began to run into strong windstorm which grew worse day by day. On 2^nd January, the waves became massive and it was an ominous sign. A threatening silence was prevailing in the atmosphere. The wind went down and the sky grew dark. It was a small ship and so they tried to manage its speed in the face of those catastrophic waves. The huge waves tossed and crashed on the deck of the ship. The waves rose to great height, vertically. The narrator lost his balance and was knocked down. He hit the wheel and thus fell unconscious. He was thrown in the overboard repetitively due to waves and was injured very badly. His ribs cracked and blood started coming out of his broken teeth. All the members tried to pump out the water but to no avail as the pump got blocked due to the debris. They took the help of second electric pump which was under the chatterbox. They all were injured severely after this incident.

Early morning on January2, the waves were huge and sea was extremely rough. Their ship was hit by strong mighty waves. They slowed down the speed of the boat and double lashed everything. They got ready to face the danger by wearing life jackets and they waited for the worst.

Mrs. Dorling and her daughter were almost similar in their physical feature. They both had a broad back and robust figure.
However, Mrs. Dorling and her daughter were of contrasting character, to certain extent. While Mrs. Dorling was an opportunist and rude person, her daughter was of soft nature. When the narrator went to their house in search of her mother’s belongings, Mrs. Dorling refused to recognize her and shuts the door in her face. It was shameful on her part as she was the narrator’s mother’s acquaintance. However, when the narrator visit the same address for the second time, Mrs. Dorling daughter welcomes her and takes her inside the house. She was much more hospitable and of nice nature.