A numeric value is any representation of data which has a numeric value. Python identifies three types of numbers:

• Integer: Positive or negative whole numbers (without a fractional part)
• Float: Any real number with a floating point representation in which a fractional component is denoted by a decimal symbol or scientific notation

• Complex number: A number with a real and imaginary component represented as x+yj. x and y are floats and j is -1(square root of -1 called an imaginary number)

On 4th January, the mental condition of the voyagers was vacillating between hope and despair. After 36 hours of continuous pumping, water had receded but they still had to keep pace with the water still coming in. The captain's wife provided them with the first meal in two days of some corned beef and cracker biscuits. However, this respite was only short-lived. The storm started building up and the situation again became worse. On 5th January, the situation was desperate. When the captain went to his children to comfort them, the small boy asked him innocently if they all were going to die but added that he did not mind dying as long as all were the family members were together. This strengthened the captain's determination to fight all odds and survive.  

On January 4 and 5 the voyagers felt relieved as after the continuous pumping for 36 hours the water had nearly been drained out. They had their first meal in almost two days. However their respite was short-lived. They faced dangerous situation on January 5 as the sea got worse during the night. Fear of death loomed large. They were under a great mental stress.

A three digit number is to be formed from given 9 digits 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9.
□□□HTO

⇒Now, there are 9 ways to fill Ones place.

⇒Since repetition is not allowed, so Tens place can be filled by the remaining 8 digits.
So, tens place can be filled in 8 ways.

⇒Similarly, to fill Hundreds of places, we have 7 digits remaining.
So, hundreds can be filled by 7 ways.

⇒So, the required number of ways in which three-digit numbers can be formed from the given digits is 9×8×7=504

A three digit number is to be formed from given 9 digits 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9.
⇒Now, there are 9 ways to fill Ones place.

⇒Since repetition is not allowed, so Tens place can be filled by the remaining 8 digits.
So, tens place can be filled in 8 ways.

⇒Similarly, to fill Hundreds of places, we have 7 digits remaining.
So, hundreds can be filled by 7 ways.

⇒So, the required number of ways in which three-digit numbers can be formed from the given digits is 9×8×7=504

The factors responsible for the decline of the Roman Civilization are as followings :

1. Wars and Luxurious Life : Repeated wars and conquests bent and broke the back of democracy. The luxurious and easeful way of living demoralised the ruling class.

2. Slave Revolts : The number of slaves had out numbered the free men. They grew rebellious and could not be quelled by the ruling class.

3. The Weakness of Emperors : The Roman emperors being incompetent and weak could not face the invaders.

4. Spread of Christianity : The Christian religion gave meassage of love and equality. It weakened the rule of emperors since it created rebellions feeling among the slaves.

5. Raids and invasions : Invaders and raiders shattered the Roman Civilization.

HRD Minister Ramesh Nishank announced a major CBSE syllabus reduction for the new academic year 2020-21 on July 7 which was soon followed by an official notification by CBSE on the same.

Considering the loss of classroom teaching time due to the Covid-19 pandemic and lockdown, CBSE reduced the syllabus of classes 9 to 12 with the help of suggestions from NCERT.

The CBSE syllabus has been rationalized keeping intact the learning outcomes so that the core concepts of students can be retained.

Deleted syllabus of CBSE Class 12 Biology

• Prehistory: Time period in the past when there was no paper or the written word and hence no books or written accounts of events. Information about such an age is obtained from excavations which reveal paintings, pottery, habitat, etc.
• Drawings and paintings were the oldest form of artistic expression practised by humans. Reasons for such drawings: Either to decorate their homes or/and to keep a journal of events in their lives.
• Lower and Middle Palaeolithic Periods have not shown any evidence of artworks so far. The Upper Palaeolithic Age shows a lot of artistic activities.
• Earliest paintings in India are from the Upper Palaeolithic Age.
• The first discovery of rock paintings in the world was made in India by archaeologist Archibald Carlleyle in 1867 – 68 (in Sohagighat, Mirzapur District, Uttar Pradesh).
• Rock paintings have been found in the walls of caves at Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Karnataka, some in the Kumaon Hills of Uttarakhand.
• Paintings at the rock shelters at Lakhudiyar on the banks of the Suyal River (Uttarakhand) –

1. 3 categories of paintings: man, animal and geometric patterns in black, white and red ochre.
2. Humans in stick-like forms, a long-snouted animal, a fox, a multiple-legged lizard, wavy lines, groups of dots and rectangle-filled geometric designs, hand-linked dancing humans.

• Paintings in Kupgallu (Telangana), Piklihal and Tekkalkota (both in Karnataka)

1. Mostly in white and red ochre.
2. Subjects are bulls, sambhars, elephants, sheep, gazelles, goats, horses, stylised humans and tridents.

The author's Grandmother is a lady who is very spiritual and is a lady not accustomed to the Modern Techniques, styles and way of life. She has a kind heart and is very kind to animals. She is very much accustomed to the Village Way of Life. She is the frequent visitor of the temple. Her view and perspective of music is that it is the monopoly of harlots.

The Crisis of the Third Century, also known as Military Anarchy or the Imperial Crisis (AD 235–284), was a period in which the Roman Empire nearly collapsed under the combined pressures of invasion, civil war, plague, and economic depression. The crisis began with the assassination of Emperor Severus Alexander by his own troops in 235, initiating a 50-year period during which there were at least 26 claimants to the title of emperor, mostly prominent Roman army generals, who assumed imperial power over all or part of the Empire. The same number of men became accepted by the Roman Senate as emperor during this period and so became legitimate emperors.

1. Regular Exercise: It is the most important factor which affects the physical fitness of an individual.
2. Amount of Training: The amount of training also affects the physical fitness. If the amount of training is not upto desirable level, he will be incapable of improving his physical fitness. It should be increased slowly.
3. Rest and Relaxation: It also affect the physical fitness of an individual. If proper rest and relaxation are taken, there will be positive effect on the physical fitness of an individual.
4. Stress and Tension: It tends to have a negative effect on physical fitness and wellness. Stress and Tension decreases the psychological power of an individual.
5. Age: It is also one of the major factors which affect the physical fitness and wellness of an individual.
6. Gender: It also affects the level of physical fitness and wellness. Infact, there is an anatomical, physiological, and psychological difference between males and females.
7. Environment: The environment, which includes climate, temperature, altitude, social, and cultural factors affect the physical fitness and wellness of a person.
8. Diet: It also influences the level of physical fitness and wellness. Good diet helps not only in maintaining the physical fitness but it also improves the level of physical fitness.

Education in the Roman empire contributed to the social mobility that characterized the earlier period of Imperial history known as the Principate.

Education was available only for those who could pay for it, since there was no state- supported system of schools with public funding.

A higher rate of literacy is indicated among military personnel than among the general population. Educated women were not unusual, and there was an expectation that upper-class girls would at least attend primary school, probably in the same classes as boys. Only an elite few, regardless of gender, went on to receive secondary education.

Modest number of slaves were educated and they played a key role in promoting education and the culture of literacy. Teachers, scribes, and secretaries were likely to be slaves. The education of slaves was not discouraged, and slave-children might attend classes with the children of their masters. Book stores were already well-established in Rome by the beginning of the Imperial period, and are found also in urban centers of the provinces.

Books were expensive, but by the later period, popular genres of literature indicated reading for pleasure among non-elites. Emperor sponsored libraries that were to some extent public, and a wealthy individual might donate a library for a community, or accumulate impressive private collections to which in-house scholars might be attached. Literacy is thought to have declined in late antiquity during the transition away from the classical institutions and practices that supported it.

Sport psychology is a proficiency that uses psychological knowledge and skills to address optimal performance and well-being of athletes, developmental and social aspects of sports participation, and systemic issues associated with sports settings and organizations. Sport psychology is an interdisciplinary science that draws on knowledge from many related fields including biomechanics, physiology, kinesiology and psychology. It involves the study of how psychological factors affect performance and how participation in sport and exercise affect psychological and physical factors.

Mesopotamian temples have played a significant role in the history of Mesopotamia. They constructed temples and dedicated them to their different gods and goddesses. Their temples were dedicated to Nanna, Anu, Enki and Inanna. Besides these four deities, each town had its own deity who was considered to be the protector of the respective town.

Temples of early Mesopotamia were comparatively smaller in size. They were also made of unbaked bricks. With the passage of time, the temple began to take new shape. Their importance as well as size began to increase. They used to build their temples on the hill tops because they believed that God (deities) dwell on the hill-top. These temples were made of baked bricks.

One of the peculiar features of these temples was that their outer walls had inward and outward bend at regular intervals. The temple had a courtyard and there were several rooms around it. The image of the deity was placed in the main room. Some rooms served as dwelling places for priests and other rooms were meant to stay for the pilgrims.

Increasing Activities of the Temples:

• Temples served as center of imparting education, where the priests used to serve as teachers.
• Land attached to temples was also used for industrial purposes.
• Temples were also engaged in sales and purchases of goods and also used to provide advance loans to the traders and charge interest thereon.
• The people offered grains, curd, dates, etc. to serve their deities. They also sacrificed ox, sheep, goat, etc. to offer their blessings.
• Temples also served as the centers for entertainment and provided a common platform for the people to meet each other and get a new boost.

Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.Francis Bacon A day without reading is a day wasted. Inculcate the habit of reading, for reading maketh a complete man.In a book, we have a good friend who would not forsake us.Cherish your unique friendship with books as there you find -A friend, philosopher, and guide.

Answer

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Purchase Manager

Apple Telesystems

9th street, Mahim

Mumbai

The Sales Manager

Ganapati Stationary Mart

Churchgate

Mumbai

26th June 2020

Dear Sir,

Subject: Supply of stationary items for office use

We need the following items in bulk for office use. I request you to kindly quote your rates amd terms of supply for the following items:

1. BIC ballpoint pens 0.5 - 2 dozen
2. Bond paper - 10 reams
3. Cyclostyling paper - 10 reams
4. Carbon ribbons - 10 packets
5. File covers - 4 dozen
6. Plastic clips - 50 packets
7. Fluid eraser - 2 dozen

As we are ordering in bulk, we would expect a discount on the purchase. We expect a reply at the earliest possible along with the acceptable terms and conditions.

Yours faithfully,

AK. Bhonsle

Purchase Manager

Eagle Youth Club
B-69 Court Road
Kanpur
1 August, 20XX
The Manager
Nawab Furniture Depot
84-Railway Road
Kanpur
Sir
Sub: Replacement of defective furniture
This is with reference to order no, 93812 of a sofa set, wooden chairs and table worth
₹ 45,000. This is to bring to your notice that on inspection of the furniture after receipt at Club office certain defects have been noticed.
We request you to replace the furniture within a week as the club’s general meeting is scheduled for the next week.
We hope that such mistakes will not occur in future.
Hoping for an early replacement.
Yours faithfully
Amina
Secretary

Question 16:

Posters are placards displayed in a public place announcing or advertising something. Posters are notices, advertisements and invitations—all in one.

PURPOSE OF POSTERS

The purpose of designing a poster is either to create social awareness about issues related to current problems and needs, or to advertise or even to extend public invitations and display notices.

DRAFTING POSTERS

Posters should be colourful, attractive and tempting.

They must be drafted carefully to attract the attention of the readers, excite their imagination and influence their minds.

Posters are read from a distance. Do not give many details in a poster. Highlight only ; important issue/issues.

MAIN FEATURES OF A POSTER

(a) Layout

Visually attractive/Eye Catching

Title-suggestive/catchy

Use slogan, jingle or short verse

Sketch or simple drawings

Letters of different size and shape

Proportionate spacing, etc

(b) Contents

The theme or subject of the poster

Description or details associated with the theme

Essential details like time, date, venue (for an event)

Name(s) of issuing authority/organisation, etc

(c) Expression

Phrases, slogans, persuasive language

Creativity in terms of content and design

Overall organisation and sequencing of the matter

Answer:
Mourad and Uncle Khosrove were the two characters who showed a crazy streak in their behaviour. Mourad was a thirteen-year old Armenian boy. He belonged to Garoghlanian tribe. He was fond of riding to the point of craziness. He sang out of joy when riding a stolen horse. He said confidently that he had a way with horses.

He was crazy like his uncle Khosrove and was considered the natural descendent of his crazy uncle. Uncle Khosrove had a furious temper1 and was known to be crazy. He was so impatient and irritable that he stopped anyone from talking by roaring, ‘It is no harm; pay no attention to it’. He said this even when his son came running to tell him that their house was on fire. He got irritated and snubbed John Byro when he told him about his horse having been stolen.

Ranga was influenced by the English way of life in the matter of marriage. He was not in favour of arranged marriages of the time where the brides were quite young. He told the narrator that he was not getting married just then. He gave two reasons. First, he must find the right girl. She must be mature enough to understand his love-talk. Avery young girl might take his words spoken in love as words spoken in anger. He gives examples of a thirty year old officer who married a twenty-five year old lady and that of king Dushyanta falling in love with Shakuntla. The second reason he gave was that one should marry a girl one loves.
During the course of the story we find a change in Ranga’s ideas about marriage. Not only is he fascinated by Rama Rao’s eleven year old niece Ratna, he also marries her in the old traditional way of arranged marriages.

Ranga believed he needed to find the right girl to get married. He believed if he would ever marry a girl, she would be mature, not a very young girl. Besides, he wanted to marry a girl whom he admired. He was not in favour of arranged marriage. His views changed outright when he saw Ratna. Ratna was Rama Rao’s niece, a pretty girl of eleven, had come to stay with him. She was from a big town, so she knew how to play the veena and the harmonium. She also had a sweet voice. Both her parents had died, and her uncle had brought her home. The narrator decided to have Ranga and Ratna married.

Man’s existence on this Earth is short-lived but even in this short span, he has been responsible for many wrong doings against other human beings. God has created everyone as equal. But it is very unfortunate that man has divided this society on the basis of class, caste and other factors.

Man must learn from elements of nature which provide us fresh air, heat or water, without making any distinction.

But in human society class distinctions and caste distinctions both exist and inequalities prevail in large numbers.

It is high time that man must learn lessons from nature and adopt universal brotherhood for the betterment of our society.

When King Tut was taken from his resting place in the ancient Egyptian cemetery known as the Valley of the Kings for a CT Scan, an angry wind stirred up ghostly dust devils. Dark-bellied clouds had scudded across the desert sky all day and now were veiling the stars in casket grey. In Egypt, there was a belief in after life. So, taking Tut's body for a CT Scan was considered unnatural and therefore it is said that the nature echoed the unnatural happenings with King Tut's body.

Answer: The narrator returned to Marconi Street after a long time because in the beginning, after the Liberation, she was not interested in all that stored stuff. She had lost her mother and was also afraid of being confronted with things that remained as a painful reminder to their past.