Thermodynamics is the branch of Physics which is concerned with the relationship between other forms of energy and heat. We can define thermodynamics as: The branch of Physics that deals with heat and temperature, and their relation to energy, work, radiation, and properties of matter.

The SN² reaction is a nucleophilic substitution reaction where a bond is broken and another is formed synchronously. Two reacting species are involved in the rate determining step of the reaction. The term ‘SN²’ stands for – Substitution Nucleophilic Bimolecular. This type of reaction is also referred to as bimolecular nucleophilic substitution, associative substitution, and interchange mechanism.

Continuous increase in the profits of any enterprise
is possible only by performing useful services to the society. Infact, objectives are needed in every area that influences the survival and prosperity of busi¬ness. Since a business has to balance a number of needs and goals, it requires multiple objectives.
The five multiple objectives of business are as follows:

1. Market standing : Market standing refers to the position of an enterprise in relation to its competitors. A business enterprise must aim at stronger market standing in terms of offering competitive products to its customers and serving them to their satisfaction.
2. Innovation : Innovation is the introduction of new ideas or methods in the way something is done or made. There are two kinds of innovation in every business, i.e.,
   (i) innovation in product or service.
   (ii) innovation in the various skills and activities needed to supply them.
3. Productivity : Productivity is calculated by comparing the value of outputs with the value of inputs. It is used as a measure of efficiency.
4. Physical and financial resources : Any business requires physical resources like plants, machines, offices, etc., and financial resources i.e. funds to be able to produce and supply goods and services to its
   customers.
5. Earning profits : One of the main objectives of business is to earn profits on the capital employed.
   Profitability refers to profit in relation to capital investment. Every business must earn a reasonable profit which is crucial for its survival and growth

The solar nebular hypothesis describes the formation of our solar system from a nebula cloud made from a collection of dust and gas. It is believed that the sun, planets, moons, and asteroids were formed around the same time around 4.5 billion years ago from a nebula. The nebular hypothesis is the leading theory, amongst scientists, which states that the planets were formed out of a cloud of material associated with a youthful sun, which was slowly rotating. ... It suggests that the Solar System is formed from the nebulous material. This theory is widely accepted to account for the formation of stars and planetary systems such as ours. The first version of the nebular hypothesis was proposed in 1755 by the German philosopher Immanuel Kant and modified in 1796 by Pierre Laplace.

Quantum theory is the theoretical basis of modern physics that explains the nature and behavior of matter and energy on the atomic and subatomic level. The nature and behavior of matter and energy at that level is sometimes referred to as quantum physics and quantum mechanics.

The branch which deals with the the movement of energy from one form to the other and the relation between heat and temperature with energy and work done is called as thermodynamics. In other terms we can define thermodynamics as the science stream that deals with the study of the combined effects of heat and work on the changes of state of matter confined by the laws of thermodynamics.

The general study of the relationship between motion, force and energy is known as mechanics. It is subdivided into three parts i.e. kinematics, dynamics and statics. Kinematics deals with the study of the motion of the objects without taking into account the forces and energies that may be involved.

(i) Goods are purchased for resale whereas assets are held for continued use in the business.
(ii) Goods are alwasys tangible i.e., they can be seen and touched whereas assets may be both tangible and intangible.

Transfer of interest refers tro transfer of ownership of property ,objects from one party to another. Transfer of interestb is possible in case of business businessman can transfer his business to another persoon. But in case of  profession or employement, transfer of interest is not possible . eg - a professional say a doctor cannot transfer his/her medical degree to anotherv person and make him / her a doctar. Also,in employement an employee cannot transfer his/her job to another person.

Data is a collection of information gathered by observations, measurements, research or analysis. They may consist of facts, numbers, names, figures or even description of things. Data is organized in the form of graphs, charts or tables. There exist data scientist who do data mining and with the help of that data analyze our world.

Reservation is not against the Constitution. the equality you are talking about is just a legal or juridic equality, which doesn't take into account justice. Secondly, the Constitution itself provides for reservation policy in favor of certain sections (Article 15(4), 15(5), 16(3), 16(4) ). It does not violates the right to equality but yes sometimes the people of general groups fail to get benefits because of reservation. The person whose economic status is low should be provided with reservation. Reservation should not be there as it discourages the non-reserved class. So this requires some changes in our constitution too to safeguard the lower income people and not the highly non reserved class.

The Big Bang Theory is the leading explanation about how the universe began. At its simplest, it says the universe as we know it started with a small singularity, then inflated over the next 13.8 billion years to the cosmos that we know today. The Big Bang is a scientific theory about how the universe started, and then made the stars and galaxies we see today. ... The universe began as a very hot, small, and dense superforce (the mix of the four fundamental forces), with no stars, atoms, form, or structure (called a "singularity"). A Belgian priest named Georges Lemaître first suggested the big bang theory in the 1920s, when he theorized that the universe began from a single primordial atom.

The definite integral is defined to be exactly the limit and summation that we looked at in the last section to find the net area between a function and the x -axis. Collectively we'll often call a and b the interval of integration. Integration, in the most general sense, may be any bringing together and uniting of things: the integration of two or more economies, cultures, religions (usually called syncretism), etc. Integration, in mathematics, a concept of calculus, is the act of finding integrals.

The method of biological classification based on similarities in the structure of certain compounds among the organisms being classified is called chemotaxonomy.