Economic Reforms:

Economic reforms or structural adjustment is a long term multi dimensional package of various policies (Liberalisation, privatisation and globalisation) and programme for the speedy growth, efficiency in production and make a competitive environment. Economic reforms were adopted by Indian Govt. in 1991.

Factor’s responsible for Economic reforms.

1. Fall in foreign exchange reserve : as imports grew faster than exports
2. Adverse balance of payments resulted repayment crisis
3. Mounting fiscal deficit as govt. expenditure grew faster than revenue
4. Rise in prices, which has the negative impact on Investment.
5. Failure of public enterprises:- very low return on high Investment
6. Gulf crisis increases crude oil prices which negatively affected BOP.
7. High rate of deficit financing
8. Collapse of soviet block.

New Economic Policy:- It refers to economic reforms introduced since 1991 to improve the productivity and profitability of economy and to make it globally competitive.

Measures of New Economic policy

Stabilisation measures: These are short run measures introduced by Govt to control rise in price, adverse balance of payment and fall in foreign ex-change reserve.

Structural adjustment: These are long run policies, aimed at improving the efficiency of the economy and increasing its international competiveness by removing the rigidity in various segment of the Indian economy.

In the new economic policy 1991, Structural reforms can be seen with respect to.
1. Liberalisation.
2. Privatisation
3. Globalisation.

For more click on the given link:

<a href="https://mycbseguide.com/blog/economic-reform-since-1991-class-11-notes-economics/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://mycbseguide.com/blog/economic-reform-since-1991-class-11-notes-economics/&ved=2ahUKEwiKv_ar-7XtAhWIzzgGHUcGAVYQFjABegQIAxAC" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Economic Reform Since 1991 class 12 Notes Economics</a>

Global Burden of Disease (GBD) is an indicator used by the experts to measure the number of people dying prematurely due to a particular disease. This also includes the number of years spent by them in a state of disability due to various diseases. India bears a frightening 20 % of the GBD. More than half of the GBD is accounted by communicable diseases such as diarrhea, malaria and tuberculosis. 

The legend of Saint Peter and the little woman teaches us to be kind and benevolent.

As the legend goes St. Peter had once been travelling and sermonising all day. This made him tired and hungry. Seeing an old little woman baking cakes he asked her for one. The old woman was mean and miserly. Whenever she baked a cake for St. Peter she found it too big. She kept baking smaller and smaller cakes but still wasn’t satisfied with the size.

This made the Saint very angry. He cursed her, burned all her clothes except for her cap and turned her into a woodpecker who would keep boring into wood all day.  

The legend teaches us to be kind and generous to our fellow beings. We should help all tired travellers, then only will God be happy with us.    

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• The 'Bhabar' is that narrow belt of the plain which is enclosed with pebbles and located along with the foothills of the Shiwaliks from the Indus to the Teesta.
• This belt is located along the numerous streams descending down the hills.
• It is 8 to 16 kms wide.
• It is the region at the start of the Northern Plains.

Days are very short and extremely long nights

The woodpecker gets her food by boring holes into trees. Woodpeckers drill and drum on trees and extract insects with their long sticky tongues from deep within a hole of a tree.

 A collection of related information organised as tables is known as database, e.g. INGRES, MySQL etc.

THERE are certain goals which are same and common for all. These are common developmental goals that people have not only about better income but also about other important things in life. More income or more material goods do not always provide us good quality of life. There are other aspect such as equal treatment, freedom, security, opportunity to learn, good working condition, pollution free atmosphere, job security and good social life which are very important for a good quality of life. Money or material things that one can buy with it, is one factor on which our life depends. But quality of our life also depends on non-material things, for example - the role of our friends in our life which cannot be measured but means a lot to us.

1. The Nazis were motivated by the vision of establishing a racial utopia in Europe. In this vision, only the Aryan people were fit to live. Other people like the Jews and the Eastern Europeans were unfit to live and should be killed.
2. To realize this vision, the Nazis started a systematic plan to kill such people. They started murdering Jews and the Slavic people of Eastern Europe in mass shootings in the occupied areas of Eastern Europe and Russia. When the rate of killing proved insufficient to satisfy the murderous intentions of the Nazis, they built extermination camps with gas chambers in the occupied territories. Jews were brought to these chambers from all over Europe under inhuman conditions from all over Europe. Once they arrived, the Jews were either made to work till death in the camps or immediately killed in the gas chambers using poison gas. This policy of extermination of innocent people by the Nazis has come to known as the Holocaust.
3. Apart from murdering innocent people, the Nazis also instituted an extensive programme of slave labour. Civilians in the captured territories were made to work in inhuman conditions to fuel the German economy and war machine. They were forced to work in German industries and in the manufacture of armaments. Thousands of people died working under such enslaved conditions.

We call Mahabharata as dynamic text because of following reasons:
1. The growth of the Mahabharata did not stop with the Sanskrit version
.2. Over the centuries, versions of the epic were written in a variety of languages through an ongoing process of dialogue between peoples, communities, and those who wrote the texts.
3. Several stories that originated in specific regions or circulated amongst certain people found their way into the epic.
4. The central story of the epic was often retold in different ways.

5. Episodes were depicted in sculpture and painting. They also provided themes for a wide range of performing arts - plays, dance and other kinds of narrations.

Marketing is called a social process due to its concern for the long-term welfare of society. Apart from the customer satisfaction, it pays attention to the social, ethical and ecological aspects of marketing. 

 मन्दिर में कई सभागारों का निर्माण करवाया गया था। सभागारों का प्रयोग विभिन्न प्रकार के कार्यों के लिए किया जाता था।

कुछ सभागारों में संगीत, नृत्य और नाटकों के विशेष कार्यक्रमों को देखने के लिए देवताओं की मूर्तियों को रखा जाता था। कुछ अन्य सभागारों में देवी-देवताओं के विवाह समारोहों का आयोजन किया जाता था तो कुछ का प्रयोग देवी-देवताओं को झूला झुलाने के लिए किया जाता था।

HRD Minister Ramesh Nishank announced a major CBSE syllabus reduction for the new academic year 2020-21 on July 7 which was soon followed by an official notification by CBSE on the same.

Considering the loss of classroom teaching time due to the Covid-19 pandemic and lockdown, CBSE reduced the syllabus of classes 9 to 12 with the help of suggestions from NCERT.

The CBSE syllabus has been rationalized keeping intact the learning outcomes so that the core concepts of students can be retained.

Deleted syllabus of CBSE Class 10 Mathematics

D

Cause of heating effect of electric current: Electric current generates heat to overcome the resistance offered by the conductor through which it passes. Higher the resistance, the electric current will generate higher amount of heat. Thus, generation of heat by electric current while passing through a conductor is an inevitable consequence. This heating effect is used in many appliances, such as electric iron, electric heater, electric geyser, etc.

It led to the German unification.

The middle class Germans tried to unite the German confederation into nation state governed by an elected parliament. It was carried with help of prussian army and the Junkers of prussia.Prussain army led by Otto von bismarck had 3 wars in seven years. it managed to attempt a victory over austria, france and poland. soon after germany was unified and prussian king Kasier William 1 was adjugded the king of germany.

Nationalism holds that each nation should govern itself, free from outside interference (self-determination), that a nation is a natural and ideal basis for a polity and that the nation is the only rightful source of political power (popular sovereignty). The Nationalist Movement is a Mississippi-founded white nationalist organization with headquarters in Georgia that advocates what it calls a "pro-majority" position. It has been called white supremacist by the Associated Press and Anti-Defamation League, among others.

Composition of Constituent Assembly

• Initially, the number of members was 389. After partition, some of the members went to Pakistan and the number came down to 299. Out of this, 229 were from the British provinces and 70 were nominated from the princely states.
• Dr. Sachchidananda Sinha was the first temporary chairman of the Constituent Assembly. Later, Dr. Rajendra Prasad was elected as the President and its Vice President was Harendra Coomar Mookerjee. BN Rau was the constitutional advisor.