Hana is an epitome of a loving, dedicated and caring wife. She always has love and affection in her heart for Sadao. In spite of being married for so many years, she is still the same loving wife. She often assists Sadao in her medical operations as she helped him with anesthetics while operating Tom. She loves her family. She gets scared when a man in uniform appears at the gate. She is also a good-hearted woman as she also wished Tom to be saved. She is quite hardworking. When Yumi, the nurse refuses to wash Tom, she does it herself. When the servants leave Sadao’s home in protest, she does all the chores herself. However, she is not as courageous as Sadao.

Keats shows his unhappiness with his fellow human beings through some negative aspects of life such as hopelessness, sadness and lack of noble ways, which are part of life. If we follow unhealthy and wicked paths in life, this will harm us. These paths or circumstances summarily make human beings unhappy.

Viability refers to the ability to germinate when environmental conditions are favourable to the plant. Thus, pollen viability refers to the percentage of pollens produced that are viable.

The period for which pollen grains remain viable is highly variable and to some extent depends on the prevailing temperature and humidity. In some cereals such as rice and wheat, pollen grains lose viability within 30 minutes of their release, and in some members of Rosaceae, Leguminoseae and Solanaceae, they maintain viability for months.

The tapetum is the innermost layer of the microsporangium. It provides nutrition to the developing pollen grains. It secretes enzymes, hormones and special proteins for the pollen grains to recognise compatibility. It also produces the exine layer of the pollen grains, which is composed of the sporopollenin.

he formation of fruits without fertilization is called parthenocarpy. Such fruits are either seedless or non-viable seeds. Parthenocarpy is of two types :

(1) Natural parthenocarpy : When seedless fruits are produced without any special treatment from the ovaries in the absence of pollination and fertilization, the phenomenon is called natural parthenocarpy. e.g., Grapes, Banana, Pineapple and Noval oranges.

(2) Induced parthenocarpy : When seedless fruits are produced by spraying the flowers with either water extract of pollen grains or growth promoting hormones such as Indole acetic acid (IAA), Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), Gibberellic acid (GA), etc. the phenomenon is called induced parthenocarpy. e.g., Tomato, Black berry, Fig, Lemon, Apple, Orange, Pear. etc.

Flower is a modified stem which functions as a reproductive organ and produces ova and/or pollen. A typical angiospermic flower consists of four whorls of floral appendages attached on the receptacle: calyx, corolla, androecium (male reproductive organ consisting of stamens) and gynoecium (composed of ovary, style and stigma) .

This expression is from John Keats' famous poem 'A Thing of Beauty'. This metaphorical expression means the flowery band of beautiful things always keeps us tied to earth. The poet here means human beings continue to look forward to living life just because of the presence of beautiful things. They even bear sorrows, undertake struggles, strife, pain, and loneliness just because there is hope of beautiful things in our life.

We wreathe flower hands that help us attached to the earth. These are our evil ways of malice, disappointments and lack of noble qualities. They breed so many troubles sufferings.

According to John Keats, a thing of beauty is joy forever. There is shape of beauty which really moves away the pall from our dark spirits, and makes us fit to love and honour beauty on earth. Just as the moon, the trees germinate a soothing world for simple sheep, so does a thing of beauty for human beings.

Question
What becomes of all lovely tales we have heard or read?
Answer
All lovely tales that we have heard or read become a source of pleasure. They become an endless
fountain of nectar and give us heavenly pleasure.

A thing of beauty is a joy forever because it gives us eternal and everlasting happiness and leaves such an impact in our mind that we are able to relive the wonderful feeling we get from it each time we think about it. It never fades into nothingness, in fact its loveliness increases with each passing moment.

How is the beautiful thing able to provide us with sweet dreams? What else does the beautiful thing provide us with?
If we have the sweet memories of a beautiful thing, it will provide us with sweet dreams in sleep. It also gives us health and quiet breathing.