A stūpa is a mound-like or hemispherical structure containing relics that is used as a place of meditation. A related architectural term is a chaitya, which is a prayer hall or temple containing a stupa.

Milkiyat was extensive personal lands held by zamindars. It was used for cultivation for the private use of zamindars. It was cultivated often with the help of servile or hired labour. They were free to sell, mortgage these lands at will.

Jharokha Darshan was a daily practice of addressing the public audience (darshan) at the balcony (jharokha) at the forts and palaces of medieval kings in India. It was an essential and direct way of communicating face-to-face with the public, and was a practice which was adopted by the Mughal emperors.

Communalism is a situation when a particular community tries to promote its own interest at the cost of other communities. Communal politics is based on the idea that religion is the principal basis of social community.

A n s w e r 
Swadeshi is a Sanskrit word meaning 'swa'- 'self' and 'desh' - 'country'. Swadeshi, hence, means things that has been manufactured in one's own country, i.e., India.

(a) Mahatma Gandhi felt that Hindustani was a language that the common people could easily understand

(b) Hindustani which was a blend of Hindi and Urdu was popular among a large section of the people. Moveover it was a composite language enriched by the interaction of diverse cultures.

(c) Over the years words and terms from many different sources had been incorporated into this language making it easily understood by people from various regions.

(d) According to Mahatma Gandhi Hindustani would be the ideal language of communication between dieverse communities. It would help to unify Hindus and Muslims and the people from the north and south.

(e) From the end of the 19th century onwards language become associated with the politics of religious identities. Hindustani also began to change but Mahatma Gandhi retained his faith in the composite character of Hindustani.

• The world is transient (anicca) and constantly changing. It is also soulless as there is nothing permanent or eternal in it.
• Within this transient world, sorrow (dukkha) is intrinsic to human existence.
• By following the path of moderation between severe penance and self-indulgence, human beings can use above these worldly pleasures.
• He advised kings and gahapatis to be humane and ethical. Buddha regarded the social world as the creation of humans rather than of divine origin.
• He emphasised individual agency and righteous action as the means to escape from the cycle of rebirth and attain self-realisation and nibbana (literally means the extinguishing of ego and desire).
  This ends the cycle of suffering for those who renounced the world.
• The words to his followers were “Be lamps into yourselves as all of you must work out your own liberation.”

Many rulers of the Princely States were dreaming of establishing independent of their own. However, as a result of the movement of the people the states and the able stewardship of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, they acceded to India by signing an Instrument of Accession.

Properties

1. Electromagnetic waves are propagated by oscillating electric fields and magnetic field oscillation at right angles to each other.
2. These waves travel with speed 3×108ms−1 in vacuum.
3. They are not deflected by electric or magnetic field.
4. They can show interference or diffraction.
5. They are transverse waves.
6. May be polarized.
7. Need no medium of propagation.

Implementing the plan This is the step where other managerial functions also come into the picture. This step is concerned with putting the plan into action, i.e. doing what is required, e.g.. if there is a plan to increase production then more labour and more machinery will be required. This step would involve organising labour and purchase of machinery.

Management as an Art

Given:

Current ratio = 2.8 : 1

Quick ratio = ?

Working capital = 5,40,000  

Inventory = 330,000

Current assets = ?  

Current liabilities = ?  

Computation:

Working capital = Current assets - Current Liabilities

5,40,000 = Current assets - Current Liabilities

Current assets = 5,40,000 + Current liabilities .............................. 1)

Current ratio = Current assets / Current liabilities
Substitute value from 1)
2.8 = (5,40,000 + Current liabilities) / Current liabilities

2.8 * Current liabilities = 5,40,000 + Current liabilities

1.8 * Current liabilities = 5,40,000

Current liabilities = 3,00,000

Current assets = 5,40,000 + Current liabilities

Current assets = 5,40,000 + 3,00,000

Current assets = 8,40,000

Quick ratio  = (Current assets - Stock) / Current liabilities

Quick ratio  = (8,40,000 - 3,30,000) / 3,00,000

Quick ratio  = 5,10,000 / 3,00,000

Quick ratio  = 1.7

Answer -
Current liabilities = 3,00,000
Current assets = 8,40,000
Quick ratio  = 1.7
 

Writer said that Saheb was no longer his own master because Saheb starts working on a tea stall . One day writer found him on the way to milk booth. He carry a plastic bag on his shoulder and a tin canister, where tin canister looks heavy which belongs to his master due to this writer made this statement.

• Reality is what happens in our real world and not what we think. For example if it is raining, the reality is that it is raining.
• However, someone can give what is really happening a blind eye because maybe it is too tough.
• When someone created a world of his own and lets their mind roam in that world rather than the real world, then that shall be reffered to as a temporary refuge from reality.
• Reality is here to stay, it is what happens, so one can only stay out of reality in fantasy for a while which is temporary.

Restriction endonuclease is a sub-class of nuclease enzyme which can digest phospho-diester linkage from non-terminal end of DNA. This enzyme is found in bacteria, it is part of a defence system of bacteria. It restricts replication of viral DNA within in bacterial cell by digesting Viral DNA at specific points. Specific points of digestion are located on different strands of DNA so, restriction fragments are always double-stranded.

1. Using Exponent

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Output:

enter a number: 64
square root: 8.0

In above program, first we’re taking a number from user as input and the entered value will be converted to int from string and will store into variable called number. Then we are using  exponent (**) sign, which is used to find out the power of a number. But we know that if a number have power ½ or 0.5 then it will represent to the square root of that number. That’s why we are using 0.5 as power here. So the number**0.5 will give us square root of that number and will be stored in variable named as sqrt. In last line we’re just printing the square root of the number.

2. Using math.sqrt() Method

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sqrt() is the predefined method used to find square root in python. But we have to import math module to use the sqrt() method. In first line, we’re importing math module, then in next line, taking input from user. After that we’re finding the square root of the number using sqrt() method and result will be stored into sqrt variable. In last line, just printing the square root as in first program.

3. Using math.pow() Method

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pow() is also a predefined method to find out power of a number, it takes two arguments as input, first is the number itself and second one is power of that number. The program is same as first program where we’re using (**) sign to find out the square root but only different is this that here we’re using a predefined method pow() instead of  (**) sign to get the power of that number.

If you’ve any problem related with article or have any other possible way to find square root in python then please let us know in comments.