Answer:

गठबन्धन सरकार एक संसदीय सरकार की कैबिनेट होती हैं, जिसमें कई राजनीतिक दल सहयोग करते हैं, जिससे गठबन्धन के भीतर किसी भी एक दल का प्रभुत्व कम रहता हैं। इस व्यवस्था का आम कारण यह दिया जाता हैं कि कोई दल अपने बलबूते संसद में बहुमत प्राप्त नहीं कर सकता।

Ans:-64

(-2w)^6  + (-2w2)^6

=64w^6  +  64 w^12

=64w^6(1+w^2)

=64(-w^3)

=-64

Format Cash Flow from Operating Activities

For the calculation of Proposed Dividend during the current year the proposed dividend account is to be prepared as follows:

Proposed Dividend Account

For the calculation of Provision for Taxation made during the current year the provision of Taxation account is to be prepared as follows:

Provision for Taxation Account

People are much scared of Derry's burnt face. They pass uncharitable remarks. Those who have got a slight sympathy, they call him a poor boy. Some call that Derry has got a terrible ugly face which can be loved by his mother alone. His parents are much worried about his going on with the world. People stare his ugly face and he has developed negative views about life.

After his misadventure in the pool at the Y.M.C.A., Douglas was amidst the fear of water. He realised that his fishing trips, canoeing, swimming and boating were over. He tried his best to overcome it but the haunting fear of the water followed him everywhere. Finally he decided to engage an instructor to learn to swim and to overcome his fear. He went to the pool and practised for five days a week, an hour each day. The instructor put a belt around him and a rope was attached to the belt. The rope went through a pulley that ran an overhead cable. Douglas held one end of the rope and went back and forth across the pool. On each trip, some of the terror would seize him up. After three months, the tension began to decrease.

Piece by piece he shed the panic. He taught him to put his face under water and exhale. He also learnt how to raise his nose and inhale. This exercise was repeated hundreds of times.

Now he was able to shed part of the fear that seized him under water. He went to Lake Wentworth Triggs Island and Slamp Act Island. He swam two miles across the lake. Now he was determined and he swam on. He shouted with joy and he had conquered his fear of water

The Human Development Index (HDI) is a single index measure that aims to record the three key dimensions of human development: access to knowledge, a decent standard of living, and long and healthy life. In other words, the human development index is practiced to measure how development has improved human life.

Human Development Index Rank

• India has been on 130^th rank in Human Development Index.

Life Expectancy

• It is the age which a particular person belonging to a particular age is expected to live.
• Life Expectancy at birth in IndiaMales: 67.34 years

  Females: 69.64 years

Infant Mortality Rate

• It is the total number of infants dying below the age of 1 year out of 1000 babies.
• Infant Mortality Rate in India is 40.5 infants.

परिचय

केवल एक लड़की होने की वजह से उसका समय पूरा होने के पहले ही कोख़ में एक बालिका भ्रूण को खत्म करना ही कन्या भ्रूण हत्या है।

आंकड़ों के अनुसार, ऐसा पाया गया है कि पुरुष और महिला लिंगानुपात 1961 में 102.4 पुरुष पर 100 महिला, 1981 में 104.1 पुरुषों पर 100 महिला, 2001 में 107.8 पुरुषों पर 100 महिला और 2011 में 108.8 पुरुषों पर 100 महिला हैं। ये दिखाता है कि पुरुष का अनुपात हर बार नियमित तौर पर बढ़ रहा है। भारत में वहन करने योग्य अल्ट्रासाउंड तकनीक के आने के साथ ही लगभग 1990 के प्रारंभ में ही कन्या भ्रूण हत्या शुरुआत हो चुकी थी।

भारत में 1979 में अल्ट्रासाउंड तकनीक की प्रगति आयी हालांकि इसका फैलाव बहुत धीमे था। लेकिन वर्ष 2000 में व्यापक रुप से फैलने लगा। इसका आंकलन किया गया कि 1990 से, लड़की होने की वजह से 10 मिलीयन से ज्यादा कन्या भ्रूणों का गर्भपात हो चुका है। हम देख सकते हैं कि इतिहास और सांस्कृतिक पृष्ठभूमि के द्वारा कन्या भ्रूण हत्या किया जा रहा है। पूर्व में, लोग मानते हैं कि बालक शिशु अधिक श्रेष्ठ होता है क्योंकि वो भविष्य में परिवार के वंश को आगे बढ़ाने के साथ ही हस्तचालित श्रम भी उपलब्ध करायेगा। पुत्र को परिवार की संपत्ति के रुप में देखा जाता है जबकि पुत्री को जिम्मेदारी के रुप में माना जाता है।

प्रचीन समय से ही भारतीय समाज में लड़कियों को लड़कों से कम सम्मान और महत्व दिया जाता है। शिक्षा, स्वास्थ्य, पोषण, खेल आदि क्षेत्रों में लड़कों की तरह इनकी पहुँच नहीं होती है। लिंग चयनात्मक गर्भपात से लड़ने के लिये, लोगों के बीच में अत्यधिक जागरुकता की जरुरत है। “बेटियाँ अनमोल होती हैं” के अपने पहले ही भाग के द्वारा आम लोगों के बीच जागरुकता बढ़ाने के लिये टी.वी पर आमिर खान के द्वारा चलाये गये एक प्रसिद्ध कार्यक्रम ‘सत्यमेव जयते’ ने कमाल का काम किया है। जागरुकता कार्यक्रम के माध्यम से बताने के लिये इस मुद्दे पर सांस्कृतिक हस्तक्षेप की जरुरत है। लड़कियों के अधिकार के संदर्भ में हाल के जागरुकता कार्यक्रम जैसे बेटी बचाओ बेटी पढ़ाओं या बालिका सुरक्षा अभियान आदि बनाये गये हैं।

महिलाओं को भारतीय समाज में अपने परिवार और समाज के लिये एक अभिशाप के रुप में देखा जाता है। इन कारणों से, तकनीकी उन्नति के समय से ही भारत में बहुत वर्षों से कन्या भ्रूण हत्या की प्रथा चल रही है। 2001 के सेंसस के आंकड़ों के अनुसार, पुरुष और स्त्री अनुपात 1000 से 927 है। कुछ वर्ष पहले, लगभग सभी जोड़े जन्म से पहले शिशु के लिंग को जानने के लिये लिंग निर्धारण जाँच का इस्तेमाल करते थे। और लिंग के लड़की होने पर गर्भपात निश्चित होता था।

भारतीय समाज के लोग लड़के से पूर्व सभी बच्चियों को मारने के द्वारा लड़का प्राप्त करने तक लगातार बच्चे पैदा करने के आदी थे। जनसंख्या नियंत्रण और कन्या भ्रूण हत्या को रोकने के लिये, कन्या भ्रूण हत्या और लिंग निर्धारण जाँच के बाद गर्भपात की प्रथा के खिलाफ भारतीय सरकार ने विभिन्न नियम और नियमन बनाये। गर्भपात के द्वारा बच्चियों की हत्या पूरे देश में एक अपराध है। चिकित्सों द्वारा यदि लिंग परीक्षण और गर्भपात कराते पाया जाता है, खासतौर से बच्चियों की हत्या की जाती है तो वो अपराधी होंगे साथ ही उनका लाइसेंस रद्द कर दिया जाता है। कन्या भ्रूण हत्या से निज़ात पाने के लिये समाज में लड़कियों की महत्ता के बारे में जागरुकता फैलाना एक मुख्य हथियार है।

The Bhakti movement was led by Alvars and Nayanars. Alvars are those who worshipped lord Vishnu and Nayanars are those who claimed to be the followers of Lord Shiva. They extensively travelled singing devotional song in the name of their gods. These sects gave a blow to the caste system and Brahmanism by their beliefs and practices.

BHAKTI AND THE STATE

1. In the 6^th century BCE, there evolved a new form of worship in South India – the bhakti movement. They Focused on the worship of specific deities such as Shiva and Vishnu and were known as Alvars and Nayanars.

2. The Bhakti Saints in their compositions opposed Jainisim and Buddhism; As a result, some of the rulers of Southern kingdoms like the Cholas, who supported the earlier Brahmanical traditions, supported Bhakti traditions.

3. They made land grants.

4. Some of the most magnificent temples were constructed under the patronage of the Chola rulers at Chidambaram, Tanjavur, and Gangaikondacholapuram.

5. Bronze sculpture of Shiva, one of the finest specimens of Indian art was also made during this period.

6. The Chola kings in order to claim divine support, built temples adored with the image of the Saints.

7. The kings also introduced the singing of Tamil Shiva hymns in temples under royal patronage and took the initiative to collect and organise them into a text.

8. The Chola ruler, Parantaka I had consecrated metal images of Appar, Sambandar (Bhakti Saints) in a Shiva temple.

Since both Alvars and Nayanass were revered by rich Vellala peasants and common people as well, so the Chola rulers tried to claim divine status.

The type of plan that is time bound and linked with measurable outcomes is 'Objective'. The objectives define in quantitative terms the specific desired results that are to be achieved within a given period of time.

Origin and development of Rajasthani painting Origin Rajput paintings were confined around Rajasthan, Bundelkhand and Punjab region of the Himalayas. It has been subdivided into two styles based on geographic and stylistic differences: The Rajasthani School covering the areas of Mewar (later Udaipur), Jaipur, Bundi, Kishangarh, Jodhpur, Bikaner. The Pahari School includes painting of Basohli, Kangra , Guler, Nurpur, Chamba, Mandi, Haripur and Tehri- Garwal. Each of the schools is a complete unit comprising many sub-schools. Development Two major factors contributed greatly to the development of Rajasthani Paintings. First, the economic prosperity enjoyed by the commercial community of Rajasthan. Second, the revival of Vaishnavism and the growth of Bhakti cult. In the 14th century the influence of poets and writers like Ramanuja , the worshipper of Lord Vishnu and Jaydev,the worshipper of Lord Krishna brought about great changes in the art, literature and spiritual awakening of the people all over India. The appearance of Sri Chaitanya and Meerabai and their total devotion and love for Lord Krishna swept over the whole of India. Rajasthani and Pahari paintings were greatly influenced by the advent (arrival) of Ramananda, Tulsidas, Kabir. lt resulted in the expansion of the imaginative horizon of the artists and in the inclusion of subjects related to Sri Ramcharit, Geet-Govida, Hara- Parvati, ancient tales, live of saints, Baramasa or the monthly festivities of the year and Rag-Raginis based on Indian classical music. Scenes from the Ramayana and Mahabharata, works belonging to the Krishna cult of the Geet-Govinda (written by the Bengali court-poet Jaydeva in 12th century), Bhagvat Puran, the works of Surdas, Keshavdas and Beharilal was a favourite subject-matter for Rajasthani painters because it deals exclusively with the romantic exploits of Radha and Krishna in a pastoral settings. The prepondering theme in these illustrations is love in all its form (treated in variety of ways), as in Nayak -Nayika Bheda" (classification of heros-heroins), Folk-lore and ballads (biraha, type of lok geet) like Dhola-Maru, Sohni-Mahinwal, Laur-Chand, (a papular north Indian biraha by Daut Maulana). Sanskrit classics like Kadambari by Banbhatta, Rasikpriya, Ramchandrika and love episode of Chaut-Panchasika, Nala-Damayanti were illustrated.

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<a data-ved="2ahUKEwiOwoW2xcftAhWBA3IKHV5YBLkQFjALegQIExAC" href="https://www.ismoman.com/media/senior/CLASS_XII_FINE%20ARTS_RAJASTHANI%20MINIATURE%20PAINTING_WORKSHEET_2.pdf" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.ismoman.com/media/senior/CLASS_XII_FINE%2520ARTS_RAJASTHANI%2520MINIATURE%2520PAINTING_WORKSHEET_2.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwiOwoW2xcftAhWBA3IKHV5YBLkQFjALegQIExAC&cshid=1607745164794687" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Origin and development of Rajasthani painting Origin Rajput ...</a>

Let P be an axial point at distance r from the center of the dipole. Electric potential at point P is given as

V=V1+V 2

V1 and V 2

are the potentials at point P due to charges +q and –q respectively

V=1/ 4πε0( q/r−2a+(-q/ r+2a ))

V= 1/4πε0 ( 4a/(r²-4a²))

V= 1/4πε0(2P/(r²-4a²))

Hence, the electric potential is 1/4πε0 (2P/r²-4a²))

Consider, two charges q and -q seperated by distance 2a such that, it's total charge is 0.

 
Potential due to charge q = 
Potential due to charge -q =  
Potential due to dipole, is the sum of potential due to charges q and -q.
Therefore,
                    
 where, r₁ and r₂ are distances of charges q and -q from point P.

Now, 
 

Considering r much greater than a, r>>a.

Therefore,


Putting these values in the above equation of potential we have,

 

where, 

For potential at any point on axis,  
V= 

Potential is positive when  and potential is negative when  .

Electrical potential falls off at large distance, as  and not as characteristic of the potential due to a single charge.


 

1. Opposition to Cold War
2. Opposition to Military/Security Alliances
3. Non-involvement in Power Politics
4. Peaceful Co-existence and Non-interference
5. Independence in Foreign Relation
6. A Policy of Action and not Isolationalism
7. Non-alignment is neither a Diplomatic Policy nor a Legal Status