William Crookes in 1879 demonstrated that cathode rays travel in straight lines. He placed an opaque object like metal cross in the path of cathode rays in a discharge tube. It was observed that a sharp shadow of the cross was cast on the glass behind the cross. A shadow of metal cross under the circumstances can be formed only if cathode rays travel in straight lines and cannot bend round the corners of the metal cross.

The Garoghlanian family though now poor was famous for their honesty even when they were wealthy. They were proud first, honest next and after that they believed in right and wrong. None of them would take advantage of anybody in the world. They would not steal. No member of this family could be a thief.

Mourad was considered as the legal decedent of uncle Khosrove. Khosrove used to get very angry and used to lose his temper. Mourad had this trait of his uncle Khosrove.  

Besides this, Khosrove was always irritable by nature meaning a feeling of anger, loss, and sadness. All these traits were with Mourad. This was the reason he was considered as the natural descendant of his uncle Khosrove.  

Khosrove used to do act on a sudden thought and had his own way of doing things. This trait also was imbibed by Mourad to follow in his uncle’s footstep.

Ultimately, Aram and Mourad returned the horse to its rightful owner, John Byro. It gives birth to two questions. Were they conscience-stricken or afraid? The answer is very simple. They were conscience-stricken. Both of them belonged to the Garoghlanian family. The family had earned name and fame for integrity and honesty. No member of the tribe could ever be accused of dishonesty or any shady deal. Aram and Mourad dared not break that glorious tradition. They had to maintain the good name and honesty of Garoghlanians. Hence, they overcame their childish passions and pranks. They decided to return the horse to Byro. Yes, they feared too. They feared to be considered as thieves. They feared lest they should put their tribe to shame by their action.

No doubt, there came moments when both Aram and Mourad justified the stealing of the horse. Stealing a horse for riding and fun was not the same as stealing and selling it for money. Hence, Mourad stole the horse and hid it in the barn. Pangs of conscience pricked them. Hence, they decided to return the horse to its rightful owner.

Yes Murad was able to prove the hallmark of tribe that was trust and honesty by returning the horse to the farmer.

After Mourad’s successful and skillful ride of the horse, it was Aram’s turn to enjoy the horse ride alone. Mourad knew he would not be able to control the horse. However, Aram insisted on riding the horse by himself. As he jumped on the horse to ride alone, the horse did not move; after many tries the horse ran suddenly; Aram lost control and fell. Mourad ran after the horse and brought it after half an hour. Finally they took the horse to a deserted vineyard to hide it until the next morning.

Uncle khosrove was considered crazy streak of family as he was short tempered, easily get irritated. once his son came running to him and he said uncle khosrove that his house is on fire, uncle said ' its no harm, pay no attention to it' and another incident was when john byro told him about his horse being stolen and his carriage was useless without a horse, uncle said 'its no harm pay no attention to it' which made john byro angry and he left.
these incidents show that he was really crazy.

Aram knew that he and his cousin Mourad belonged to a tribe that was poverty-stricken. He couldn’t have bought such a beautiful horse. It was certain that he had stolen the horse. It was hard to believe that a member of his family could ever do such a thing. There was no question about it that he had stolen the horse.

Mourad and Aram returned the horse to its owner, John Byro. John Byro already knew about this fact. He came up to the boys and made them realize that keeping someone else's things with oneself without his permission is equivalent to theft. Also, John Byro made the boys understand that the tribe to which they belonged, was known particularly for truth and honesty. They realized their mistake and planned to return the horse back to the owner.

John Byro was an Assyrian farmer who was the owner of the white horse . He was also a friend of Uncle Khusrove . Being an Assyrian , he had managed to learn Armenian .

On seeing his horse with two boys Aram and Mourad , he couldn't believe his eyes . The horse looked exactly like his lost horse but to think that two boys stole that wasn't acceptable to him because of the reputation of the Garoglanian tribe family to which they belonged . However , he convinced himself that it wasn't his horse because the family could starve but couldn't steal .

Aram and Mourad didn’t want to be caught with the stolen horse. They had to keep it away from the eyes of the people, particularly its owner. Mourad had found a deserted vineyard. He took the horse inside the house and tied it there. If caught, it could bring a bad name to the family, its integrity and honesty.

Positive economics describes the matter of the presence of a theory with proven facts and figures that needs to be taken into account before developing the theory. For example, Law of demand where the theory is derived with proven facts.

Normative economic is based on beliefs that are supported by valued judgement which is better for the nation's economic future as well as leads to social welfare. For example, belief that income should be distributed evenly in the economy.

• Literally, it means rule by father. The concept of patriarchy is often employed to refer to a system that values men more and accords them power over women.
• Patriarchal society is the society which values men more and gives ruling power to men over women.
• Matriarchal society is the society which values women more and gives ruling power to women over men.
• Gender equality is valuing both men and women rights equally in the society.

The rain comes down to wash the drought and provide water. It also washes away the dust and small particles from the earth’s surface. And the seeds inside the earth grow into a plant because of the water provided by the rain. It gives life to the seeds.

What is latent and unborn and why?
The seeds are dormant and unborn because of lack of water which is needed for them to germinate and form a new plant.

The seeds are dormant and unborn because of lack of water which is needed for them to germinate and form a new plant.

Q2. How does the rain help the seeds?
 
Ans. The rain helps the seeds to germinate and grow into a new life.

The rain drops fall from the sky in order to give life to the dry areas and washthe famine-stricken lands.

To provide relief to the drought areas and to induce the seeds for their growth.

The poem is 'The Voice of the Rain' and the poet is Walt Whitman. With what purpose does the rain descend from the sky? The rain drops fall from the sky in order to give life to the dry areas and washthe famine-stricken lands. The rain helps the seeds to germinate and grow into a new life.

The poet has personified the rain drop and it is answering the poet's question by saying that it is the 'poem of the Earth'.

Q : How has the answer been conveyed to us and what is it?

A n s w e r :
The poet has personified the rain drop and it is answering the poet’s question by saying that it is the ‘poem of the Earth’.

The phrase “strange to tell” means that it is quite strange for the poet to believe and express in words that the soft-falling rain replied to his question. At the beginning of the poem, the poet inquires the rain about its identity, to which the rain replies that it is the 'Poem of Earth'.

The Voice of the Rain by Walt Whitman, the rain is personified and the speaker of the poem asks the rain to explain itself. In response to the speaker, the rain talks about how it is intangible and pure. It talks about the cycle it goes through by emerging from heaven, lands on the earth and then rises again.  In the poem, the phrase "Strange to tell" refers to extraordinary and unusual answers given by rain when the poet asks the rain "Who it was?"

'I' in the first line is referred to the poet asking a question. 'I' in the third line is the rain drop. What do you understand by the phrase 'Strange to tell'? 'Strange to tell' means that it is an unusual and extraordinary answer given by the raindrops to the poet who asked who 'it' was

'I' in the first line is referred to the poet asking a question. 'I' in the third line is the rain drop.

(a) Day, night

(b) Reck'd, unreck'd

(c) Rise, descend

The rain descends on droughts, atoms and dust particles on the surface of the earth. It also falls on everything that is on the earth. It gives life to the things on which it falls. The things that do not get rain remain like seeds latent and unborn.

The rain answered that it was the poem of the earth. It rose eternally out of the land and bottomless sea into the sky. There its form changed but essence remained the same.

The rain falls on the earth, and washes away the drought, it also helps the seeds to germinate and bring forth new life on the earth. Without it, all life on earth would become lifeless.