Northern Mesopotamia is made up of hills and plains. The land is quite fertile due to seasonal rains, and the rivers and streams flowing from the mountains. Early settlers farmed the land and used timber, metals and stone from the mountains nearby. Ancient Mesopotamia was located in a piece of the "The Fertile Crescent." It was located in an area now known as southern Iraq. The city of Mesopotamia was about 300 miles long and 150 miles wide. It was located between two rivers which were referred to by the ancient Greeks as the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers.

A co-operative society can be formed by alteast 10 adult members. The members willing to form a society must have common bond among them. ... The basic idea is that all the persons intending to form a society should have some common objectives to achieve. 

Documents for Registration

1. A certified copy of the Resolution passed at the first meeting of the group with the Province Cooperative Officer (PCO).
2. Feasibility study report on how the Society operates.
3. Four copies of proposed by-laws of the Society.
4. Letter of intent (to join the society) from prospective members.

Such of those persons, who wish to form a Co-operative Society, should send an application to the Assistant Registrar of the area on a prescribed proforma i.e Form I alongwith the proposed byelaws, indicating the type of the society they want to form, number of persons likely to be enrolled as its members, and the name and address of the persons authorized to function as chief promoters and to attend to organisational matters. This application should be signed by bnot less than 10 persons or by such number of persons as per instructions issued by the Registrar, Co-operative Societies from time to time.

Tepe Gawra is an ancient Mesopotamian settlement in the Mosul region of northwest Iraq that was occupied between 5000 and 1500 BC. It contains remains from the Halaf period, the Ubaid period, and the Uruk period (4000–3100 BC). Tepe Gawra contains material relating to the Halaf-Ubaid Transitional period c. 5,500–5,000 BC. A brief exploratory dig was performed by Austen Layard before 1850. The site was formally excavated in 1927, 1931, and 1932 for a total of 8 months by archaeologists from a joint expedition of the University of Pennsylvania and the American Schools of Oriental Research, led by Ephraim Avigdor Speiser.

In 2001, Mitchell Rothman reanalyzed the data from previous excavations that did not use precise stratigraphic techniques. He considerably clarified the stratigraphy of the site.

Ribosomes are important for protein production. Together with a structure known as messenger RNA (a type of nucleic acid) ribosomes form a structure known as a polyribosome which is important in protein synthesis.

Both Aram and Mourad were crazy about riding. This is clear from the fact that Mourad stole the horse, which was quite against the ethics of the tribe. Secondly, Aram also didn't go to any of the elders of his family to complain against Mourad's theft. Rather, he pleaded Mourad not to return the horse to its owner he had learnt it completely. Their passion for riding can be judged from the fact that both the cousins went riding early in the morning when the entire world around them slept. They were so crazy about riding.

Society is composed of a group of people, of those having common interest. ... Society forms norms and condition for itself and hence it is restricted according to those rules, norms, and conditions, given by the particular society to itself; also accordingly, is conferred with special privileges. 

There have been six types of societies throughout history:

• Hunting and gathering societies.
• Pastoral societies.
• Horticultural societies.
• Agricultural societies.
• Industrial societies.
• Post-industrial societies.

A body wave is a seismic wave that moves through the interior of the earth, as opposed to surface waves that travel near the earth's surface. Body waves are of two types: compressional or primary (P) waves and shear or secondary (S) waves. P- and S- waves are called "body waves" because they can travel through the interior of a body such as the Earth's inner layers, from the focus of an earthquake to distant points on the surface.

In broad terms, direct sources are those that provide first-hand information about events. ... In scientific disciplines, experiments are the most common direct source; in other disciplines, surveys and interviews, or research into written and oral records of events provide direct access to information. The knowledge about interior of the earth is obtained through direct sources and indirect sources. Direct sources include rock materials from mining areas and molten magma from volcanic eruptions. Besides, scientists are working on “Deep Ocean drilling Project” and “Integrated Ocean Drilling Project”.

The Indus people were greatly reliant on trade. They traded with many different civilizations like Persia, Mesopotamia and China. They were also known to trade in the Arabian Gulf region, central parts of Asia, portions of Afghanistan and northern and western India. Other trade goods included terracotta pots, gold, silver, metals, beads, flints for making tools, seashells, pearls, and colored gem stones, such as lapis lazuli and turquoise. There was an extensive maritime trade network operating between the Harappan and Mesopotamian civilizations. 

Harappan Civilization :-
Harappan civilization was a Bronze Age civilization, mainly in the North-Western regions of South Asia, extending from today's North-Eastern Afghanistan to Pakistan, and North-Western India. It was one of the oldest civilizations of the world.

Mesopotamian Civilization :-
The Mesopotamian civilization was a historical region situated within the Tigris-Euphrates river system, in today's most of Iraq plus Kuwait, the Eastern part of Syria, South-Eastern Turkey, and regions along the Turkish-Syrian and Iran-Iraq borders. It was also one of the oldest civilizations of the world.

Difference Between Harappan and Mesopotamian Civilization -

1) In Harappan civilization, the houses were built to the East of citadel while in Mesopotamian civilization, the houses were built around distinct palaces and temples & dedicated to the patron Gods or Goddesses.

2) Most of the Harappan people lived in small villages while most of the Mesopotamians lived in cities and towns.

3) The Harappans had walls built to protect their houses while the Mesopotamians had walls built to protect their cities and town.

4) The Harppan people were peaceful in comparison to the Mesopotamians.

5) The Harappans traded in cotton, beads, other art and jewellery while the Mesopotamians traded in precious stones.

6)The Hrappans grew melons, lettuce, and general fruits and vegetables that they ate while the Mesopotamians grew flex and used it for oil, net, cloth & food.

7) As far as the technology is concerned, the Harappans established exact measurement and weighing system while the Mesopotamians first created the wheel.

A brief history of physical education in the United States would kick off in the nineteenth century. There was growing popularity of formal physical education programs all across Europe where calisthenics and gymnastics were all the rage. American schools looked to follow the European model by incorporating physical education into the curriculum for primary and secondary schools. And a brief history of physical education would not be complete with a consideration of institutes of higher education that gradually built up extremely successful sports programs.
 

Pass with 50% aggregate marks in B.P. Ed. or B.Sc. in Health and Physical Education or equivalent, subject to qualifying LPUPET.