A Constitution is necessary because of the following reasons:

• It is an important law of the land. It determines the relationship of the citizens with the governments.
• It lays down principles and guidelines which are required for people belonging to different ethnic and religious groups to live in harmony.
• It specifies on how the Government would be elected and who will have the power and the responsibility to take important decisions.
• It outlines the limits on the power of the Government and tells us about the rights of the citizens.
• It expresses the aspirations of the people about creating a good society.

A Constitution is necessary because of the following reasons:

• It is an important law of the land. It determines the relationship of the citizens with the governments.
• It lays down principles and guidelines which are required for people belonging to different ethnic and religious groups to live in harmony.
• It specifies on how the Government would be elected and who will have the power and the responsibility to take important decisions.
• It outlines the limits on the power of the Government and tells us about the rights of the citizens.
• It expresses the aspirations of the people about creating a good society.

The 13 Major features of the Indian constitution are listed below
1. Popular Sovereignty
2. Rule Of Law
3. Judicial Review
4. Socialism
5. Secularism In Indian Constitution
6. Fundamental Rights
7. Directive Principles Of State Policy
8.Fundamental Duties
9. Judicial Independence
10. Parliamentary System
11. Federal And Unitary Features
12. Lengthy And Legalistic Document
13. Flexibility Of The Constitution
14. Single Citizenship 15. Emergency Provisions

India is a sovereign nation because it is free from any kind or form of foreign interference or internal pressures in its domestic affairs.

India is a secular nation. This is because the state has no official religion. Citizens are free to profess, propagate or practice any religion.

India is a democratic country because elections are held after every five years in free and fair manner to elect the government. Every person above 18 years of age elect their own representatives.

She is a republic because the head of the state is elected and is appointed for a fixed period of time. His/her position is not hereditary.

India is a democratic country because-
The government is elected by the people and it works for them. People have the right to change it if it does not work according to them.
People are given some basic rights like freedom of speech etc.
Regular elections take place in India after every 5 years.
The Indian Government works according to the constitution of India.
People can approach the courts if it works against it.
The government is answerable to the people of India.

Constitution expresses the fundamental identity of people.This means the people as a collective entity come into being only through the basic constitution,this is done by agreeing to basic set of norms and principles then one constitute one’s basic political identity.

Second, in constitutional norms one pursues individual aspirations,goals and freedoms .It also defines the moral identity that one may not. the constitution also gives the moral identity.

The nature of the State according to the Preamble is as under:
(a) India is a Sovereign State;
(b) India is a Democratic State;
(c) India is a Secular State;
(d) India is a Socialist State, and
(e) India is a Republic.

An article is a separate and distinct part of a written instrument, such as a contract, statute, or constitution, that is often divided into sections. A section is the distinct and numbered subdivisions in legal codes, statutes, and textbooks.

Forgetting refers to loss of stored information over a period of time. After a material is learnt, there is a sharp drop in its memory and then the decline is very gradual. Forgetting may take place due to trace decay and interference. It may also caused due to absence of appropriate cues of the time of retrieval.

The geographical phenomena, both the physical and human, are not static but highly dynamic. They change over times as a result of the interactive processes between ever changing earth and untiring and ever-active human beings.

1. Primitive human societies were directly dependent on their immediate environment. Human beings have come to terms with nature through adaptation and modification.

2. The present society has passed the stage of primitive .societies, which were directly dependent on their immediate physical environment for sustenance. Present societies have modified their natural environment by inventing and using technology and thus, have expanded the horizon of their operation by appropriate utilisation of the resources provided by nature.

3. With the gradual development of technology, human beings were able to loosen the shackles of their physical environment. Technology helped in reducing the harshness of labour, increased labour efficiency and provided leisure to human beings to attend to the higher needs of life. It also increased the scale of production and the mobility of labour. The interaction between the physical environment and human beings has put their imprints everywhere and created new possibilities in collaboration with nature. Thus, we find humanised nature and naturalised human beings and geography studies this interactive relationship.

4. The space got organised with the help of the means of transportation and communication network. The links (routes) and nodes (settlements of all types and hierarchies) integrated the space and gradually, it got organised.

5. It takes note of the associations and interrelationships between the phenomena over space and interprets them providing explanations for these patterns. It also takes note of the associations and inter-relationships between the phenomena resulting from the dynamic interaction between human beings and their physical environment.

The narrator had always seen his grandmother dressed in spotless white saree . His hair were silvery and her locks used to spread over the pale and wrinkled face. The narrator described her to look like an expense of pure white serenity. He also compared the mountains full of snow cover to look equally peaceful as his grandmother face.