Ranga was the son of the village accountant who sent him to Bangalore for studies. After six months he returned back. All villagers rushed to see any possible changes in his physique or manners. The author also went to see him. Ranga did a proper namaskar to him and the author was very much impressed with him. Ranga had his own peculiar views about marriage. He did not want to rush into it. He wanted to marry a mature girl. However, there is an irony about his views. In spite of having such clear and well defined views of marriage, he fell prey to immediate marriage, and that too with an eleven year old girl, Ratana

Preparation of Washing Soda

It is prepared by Solvay’s process.

(1) A cold and concentrated solution of sodium chloride is reacted with ammonia and carbon dioxide to obtain sodium hydrogen carbonate.

(2) Sodium hydrogen carbonate is separated by filtration,dried and heated.Oh heating sodium hydrogen carbonate decomposes to form sodium carbonate.

(3) Anhydrous sodium carbonate is dissolved in water and recrystallised to get washing soda crystals containing 10 molecules of water of crystallisation.

The Solvay process or ammonia-soda process is the major industrial process for the production of sodium carbonate. The ammonia-soda process was developed into its modern form by the Belgian chemist Ernest Solvay during the 1860s. The ingredients for this are readily available and inexpensive: salt brine and limestone.  The Solvay process is an industrial process that uses limestone (CaCO3 ) to produce carbon dioxide (CO2 ) which reacts with ammonia (NH3 ) dissolved in brine (concentrated NaCl(aq)) to produce sodium carbonate.

Neurons are the cells that make up the brain and the nervous system. They are the fundamental units that send and receive signals which allow us to move our muscles, feel the external world, think, form memories and much more.

Sensory neurons

Sensory neurons are the nerve cells that are activated by sensory input from the environment - for example, when you touch a hot surface with your fingertips, the sensory neurons will be the ones firing and sending off signals to the rest of the nervous system about the information they have received.

The inputs that activate sensory neurons can be physical or chemical, corresponding to all five of our senses. Thus, a physical input can be things like sound, touch, heat, or light. A chemical input comes from taste or smell, which neurons then send to the brain.

Most sensory neurons are pseudounipolar, which means they only have one <a href="https://qbi.uq.edu.au/brain/brain-anatomy/axons-cable-transmission-neurons">axon</a> which is split into two branches.

Motor neurons

Motor neurons of the spinal cord are part of the <a href="https://qbi.uq.edu.au/brain/brain-anatomy/central-nervous-system-brain-and-spinal-cord">central nervous system</a> (CNS) and connect to muscles, glands and organs throughout the body. These neurons transmit impulses from the spinal cord to skeletal and smooth muscles (such as those in your stomach), and so directly control all of our muscle movements. There are in fact two types of motor neurons: those that travel from spinal cord to muscle are called lower motor neurons, whereas those that travel between the brain and spinal cord are called upper motor neurons.

Motor neurons have the most common type of ‘body plan’ for a nerve cell - they are multipolar, each with one axon and several dendrites.

Interneurons

As the name suggests, interneurons are the ones in between - they connect spinal motor and sensory neurons. As well as transferring signals between sensory and motor neurons,  interneurons can also communicate with each other, forming circuits of various complexity. They are multipolar, just like motor neurons.

The crust is a silicate solid, the mantle is a viscous molten rock, the outer core is a viscous liquid, and the inner core is a dense solid. The difference in temperature in the mantle accounts for the density of rocks. ... The core consists of extremely hot metal layers instead of rock. Iron and nickel make up the outer section of the core, while the interior is almost entirely iron. The inner core is almost totally solid and shaped like a ball.

Knowledge of the earth's interior is based on indirect observation as it is impossible to collect data regarding the earth's interior, we can't dig on such a great extent ,as their is intolerable heat deep inside the earth and it is impossible for any organism to survive their.. Therefore the the observation including the earth's interior is based on indirect observations like soil exposed on the surface after earthquake or rocks formed after cooling of magma.

Seismic waves from large earthquakes pass throughout the Earth. These waves contain vital information about the internal structure of the Earth. As seismic waves pass through the Earth, they are refracted, or bent, like rays of light bend when they pass through a glass prism. All the three, P, S and L waves follow curved paths in the interior of the earth which proves that density increases inside the earth. P and S waves are recorded along the surface upto a distance of 11000 km from the focus of the earthquake. Their velocity also increases with the increase in the depth upto 2900 km.

The Composition of constituent assembly of India ÷ The originalconstituent assembly consisted of 389 members , of which 292 were elected by the elected members of the provincial legislative assemblies while 93 members were nominated by the princely states . Functioning of the constituent assembly ÷ The first meeting of the constituent assembly took place on Dec 9 , 1946 . On Dec 13 , 1946 , Jawaharlal Nehru moved the historic ' Objectives Resolution ' in the Assembly . It laid down the fundamental and philosophy of the constitutional structure . It was unanimously adopted by the Assembly on Jan 2 , 1947 . Its modified version forms the preamble constitution .

There are three basic elements in yoga: Asanas, Pranayama and Concentration

1. Asanas are poses which exercise the front, back and side of the body equally. A full range of movements such as horizontal and vertical expansion are created while performing asanas. Both the asana and the sequence of asanas are important for creating a response such as stimulating, energizing or calming the body. The asanas also improve muscle strength, mobility of the joints, circulation, and balance as well as body awareness.
2. Pranayama means control of the breath, which leads to deeper breathing thereby providing the body with more oxygen. This intensive breathing technique creates a feeling of serenity and inner peace.
3. Concentration is fundamental in yoga. The focus on the specifics of the pose and control of the breath will improve concentration.

Characteristics of a Family

1. A mating relationship: A family comes into existence when a man and a woman establish a mating relation between them.
2. A form of marriage: A family requires a home, a householder, for its living. Without a dwelling place the task of child bearing and child rearing cannot be adequately performed.
3. A system of nomenclature: Every family is known by a name and has its own system of reckoning descent. Descent may be reckoned through the male line or through the female line. Usually the wife goes and joins her husband’s family in a patriarchal system and vice-versa in a matriarchal system.
4. An economic provision: Every family needs an economic provision to satisfy the economic needs. The head of the family carries on a certain profession and earns money to maintain the family.

Strong, solid family relationships don’t just happen; there are critical elements that must be there for these family ties to develop. When a relationship is built on a firm foundation it can withstand the hiccups of daily life and the unexpected moments of chaos. Mutual respect, time for fun, constant encouragement and communicated love are the four pillars of any strong relationship.

1. Mutual Respect. A lack of respect creates problems in any relationship. When dealing with children adults need to remind themselves that respect is earned. Nagging, yelling, hitting, talking down, doing things for kids that they can do for themselves, following double standards are all disrespectful. (Ask yourself: do you require your children to knock before entering your bedroom but feel free to barge into theirs?) To establish mutual respect, we must be willing to demonstrate respect for our children. A great way to start is to minimize your negative talk. Speak with your children when the atmosphere is friendly and upbeat.

2. Time for Fun. Quality time is another key ingredient to building a healthy, happy relationship. It is not the quantity but the quality of time you spend with the members of your family that is important. One hour of quality time is much more valuable than five hours of conflict. Spend time daily with each member of your family doing something together that you both enjoy – invest in the relationship! I know you are busy, but your children won’t live with you forever! Savor the time you have with them NOW! In addition to individual time I strongly recommend that you schedule family fun each week, this should be a time to laugh, enjoy each other’s company and build memories that will comfort you for years to come.

3. Constant Encouragement. Believe in your family members so they can believe in themselves. Your children will especially benefit from your frequent encouragement. A cooperative relationship depends on how children feel about themselves and how they feel about you. So instead of focusing on your children’s mistakes, point out what you like and appreciate about them. Specifically describe what behaviors you want repeated, give them a recipe for success!

4. Communicated love. Clearly and regularly communicate to your family the love you have for them. This will increase your children’s sense of security and strengthen any marriage! Let your family feel and hear your love. A gentle pat on the back, hugs, kisses, and tousling hair are extremely important gestures. Your attitude also expresses your love. When you demonstrate mutual respect and allow your children to develop responsibility and independence and that is the deepest expression of love.

1. Marriage leads to the formation of family.The family is a universal institution and has existed throughout the history of society.

2. As far as defination of a family is concerned we can say that, “Family, basically, is made up to individuals having Kinship relationship among themselves."

3. The smallest family consists of the husband and wife without children. Such a family is also called a nuclear family.

4. A man with his children or a woman with her can also constitute a family. This is called a single-parent family.

5. A family may even consist of persons of few more generations living together and other relatives forming an extended family. Such an arrangement is also known by the name household.

In The Portrait of a Lady’ Khushwant Singh draws a pen-picture of his grandmother. He describes how he spent his childhood with her in the village. He also describes the changes that came in their relationship in the city. Ultimately, he describes the moving scene of her death.

Microsoft Drive Optimizer (formerly Disk Defragmenter) is a utility in Microsoft Windows designed to increase access speed by rearranging files stored on a disk to occupy contiguous storage locations, a technique called defragmentation. Defragmenting a disk minimizes head travel, which reduces the time it takes to read files from and write files to the disk.[1] Beginning with Windows XP, Microsoft Drive Optimizer also reduces system startup time.