Characteristics of Phylum Chordata

1. (Noton; back and chorda; cord).
2. Kingdom: Animalia
3. Presence of a notochord
4. They are backboned animals (vertebrates),
5. Most of the living chordates are familiar vertebrate animals.
6. Presence of dorsal hollow nerve cord
7. Blood vascular system: Present, closed type
8. Ventral heart, hepatic portal system and RBC are present.
9. Germ layer: Triploblastic.
10. Symmetry: bilateral symmetry body.
11. Coelom: Present. Well developed
12. Presence of gill (pharyngeal) slits
13. Presence of post **** tail

Phylum Chordata is divided into four sub-phylum:

1. Hemichordata,
2. Urochordata,
3. Cephalochordata
4. vertebrata or Craniata

Political theory deals with the ideas and principles that shape Constitutions, governments and social life in a systematic manner. It clarifies the meaning of concepts such as freedom, equality, justice, democracy, secularism and so on. It probes the significance of principles such as rule of law, separation of powers, judicial review, etc. This is done by examining the arguments advanced by different thinkers in defense of these concepts. Though Rousseau or Marx or Gandhi did not become politicians, their ideas influenced generations of politicians everywhere. There are also contemporary thinkers who draw upon them to defend freedom or democracy in our own time. Besides examining arguments, political theorists also reflect upon our current political experiences and point out trends and possibilities for the future.

The political theory deals with the ideas and principles that shape constitutions, governments and social life.

We study certain values and principles and ideals also which inspired people and guided policies like democracy, freedom, equality, etc.

Politics:

• Politics may have different ideas to be argued upon.
• Politics is associated with the satisfaction of wants.
• Politics is sometimes considered to be what politicians do. But it associates them with teams due to their false commitments, etc.
• Politics promotes the interests of an individual by all means.

Political Science:

• It is a scientific study of political ideas and principles.
• Political Science shapes the government and public opinion in a well-mannered way.
• Political science examines the defections, false commitment and false promises made by politicians.
• Political Science examines the validity of concepts of equality, justice, freedom, democracy, secularism, etc.
• The philosophers in political science can generate the new ideas to mould the society.

Politics:

• Politics may have different ideas to be argued upon.
• Politics is associated with the satisfaction of wants.
• Politics is sometimes considered to be what politicians do. But it associates them with teams due to their false commitments, etc.
• Politics promotes the interests of an individual by all means.

Political Science:

• It is a scientific study of political ideas and principles.
• Political Science shapes the government and public opinion in a well-mannered way.
• Political science examines the defections, false commitment and false promises made by politicians.
• Political Science examines the validity of concepts of equality, justice, freedom, democracy, secularism, etc.
• The philosophers in political science can generate the new ideas to mould the society.

• • The writer contrasts Chinese art with European art by using two stories.
  • The Tang Emperor Xuanzong commissioned the painter Wu Daozi to decorate a palace wall, When it was done the Emperor admired the scene.
  • The painter drew the Emperor’s attention to a cave and when he clapped his hands the entrance of the cave opened.
  • The painter entered but before Emperor could move the entrance closed and the painting vanished, along with the artist.
  • In another story, a painter wouldn’t draw the eye of a dragon he had painted for fear it would fly out of the painting.
  • The writerthen cites a story representative of Western painting in which a master blacksmith Quinten Metsysfell in love with a painter’s daughter.
  • To be accepted as a son—in—law Quinten painted a fly on the painter’s latest panel When the painter tried to swat it away he realised the truth — Quinten wastaken on as an apprentice and married his beloved.
  • These stories reveal what each form tries to achieve.

• The Europeans want a perfect illusionisticlikeness while in Asia It is the essence of inner life and spirit. In the Chinese story only the artist knows the way within and he reaches his goal beyond material appearance.
• Unlike a Western figurative painting a classical Chinese landscape does not reproduce an actual view and one can enter it from any point and travel in it.
• It requires the active participation of the viewer both physically and mentally.
• Man becomes a means of expression of communicatIon or ‘the eye of the landscape’.

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Subject: Apology for not being able to visit you

Dear Rohit:

I hope you are in great health and spirits. First of all I apologize to you sincerely for not being able to see you. I am really very sorry for not keeping my promise. I am sure when you read my side, you will certainly forgive me.  

I was all ready to come to your place; and then suddenly my grandmother fell from the stairs. I had to drive her to the hospital and be with her. She has sustained a fracture in her elbow. Doctor says she will be alright within a month.  

I will surely visit you next Saturday at 4 p.m. and I might stay over at your place for a night. Looking forward to seeing you.

Warmest regards,

XYZ

Residents of the Bhirung Raut Ki Gali, where Ustad Bishmillah Khan was bom on March 21,1916, were in a state of shock. His cousin, 94-year -old Mohd Idrish Khan had tears welled up in his eyes. Shubhan Khan, the caretaker of Bismillah’s land, recalled “Whenever in Dumaraon, he would give rupees two to the boys and rupees five to the girls of the locality”. He was very keen to play Shehnai again in the local Bihariji’s Temple where he had started playing Shehnai with his father, Bachai Khan, at the age of six.

His original name was Quamaruddin and became Bishmillah only after he became famous as a Shehnai player in Varanasi. His father Bachai Khan was the official Shehnai player of Keshav Prasad Singh, the Maharaja of the erstwhile Dumaraon estate, Bismillah used to accompany him. For Bismillah Khan, the connection to music began at a very early age. By his teens, he had already become a master of the Shehnai. On the day India got freedom, Bismillah Khan, then a sprightly young man of 31 years old, had the rare honour of playing from Red Fort.

But Bishmillah Khan won’t just be remembered for elevating the Shehnai from an installment heard only in weddings and Naubatkhanas to one that was appreciated in concert halls globally across the world. His life was a witness to the plurality that is India. A practicing Muslim,he would take a daily dip in River Ganges in his younger days after a bout of kusti in Benia Baga Akhada. Every morning, Bismillah Khan would do riyaaz at the Balaji temple on the banks of the river. Even during his final hours in a Varanasi hospital, music didn’t desert Bismillah Khan.

A few hours before he left this worldly home early on Monday, the Shehnai wizard hummed a thumri to show that he was feeling better. This was typical of a man for whom life revolved around music. Throughout his life, he abided by the principle that all religions are one and the same. What marked Bismillah Khan was his simplicity and disregard for the riches that come with musical fame. Till the very end, he used a cycle rickshaw to travel around Varanasi. But the pressure of providing for some 60 family members took its toll during his later years.

राज्य सभा का महत्व

राज्य सूची में सूचीबद्ध किसी भी विषय पर कानून बनाने के लिए संसद को अधिकृत कर सकता है (अनुच्छेद 249)

संसद को केंद्र और राज्य दोनों ही के लिए नई अखिल भारतीय सेवाएं / नौकरियां बनाने को अधिकृ कर सकता है।

भारतीय संसद का ऊपरी सदन राज्य सभा है।

लोकसभा का महत्त्व

लोक सभा सार्वभौमिक वयस्क मताधिकार के आधार पर लोगों द्वारा प्रत्यक्ष चुनाव द्वारा चुने हुए प्रतिनिधियों से गठित होती है। भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार सदन में सदस्यों की अधिकतम संख्या ५५२ तक हो सकती है, जिसमें से ५३० सदस्य विभिन्न राज्यों का और २० सदस्य तक केन्द्र शासित प्रदेशों का प्रतिनिधित्व कर सकते हैं। सदन में पर्याप्त प्रतिनिधित्व नहीं होने की स्थिति में राष्ट्रपति यदि चाहे तो आंग्ल-भारतीय समुदाय के २ प्रतिनिधियों को लोकसभा के मनोनीत कर सकता है।लोकसभा, भारतीय संसद का निचला सदन है।

Let A = (5,– 1,1) 

B = (7,– 4, 7) 

C = (1, – 6, 10) 

D = (– 1, – 3, 4) 

Then the position vectors of A,B,C,D are

∴ ABCD forms a Rhombus.

The sum of the deviations of a given set of observations from their arithmetic mean is always zero. It is due to the property that the arithmetic mean is characterised as the centre of gravity. i.e. sum of positive deviation from the mean is equal to the sum of negative deviations.

For example:

3,4,6,8,14

x  =  3+4+6+8+14  /5

​  =7

∑(x i −  x )=−8+8=0

Hence, the sum of the deviations about mean is 0.

The poet’s mother was a girl of twelve or so when the photograph was taken. The photograph has captured the smiling face of the poet’s mother. She laughed in nostalgia at the snapshot that was taken years ago and also at the way all of them were dressed for the beach. She pointed it out to others. Perhaps they looked funny. This laugh indicated that the poet’s mother enjoyed remembering her childhood days, when she was young and free from the tensions and worries of adult life.

Pyotr Petrovich Milkin was portrayed as an irresponsible man and a coward. He visited Kondraski family frequently and had dinner with the family.

It was obvious that Pyotr was in love with Nastya, Kondraski’s daughter. However, in order to escape from marriage commitments, he lied to Kondraski saying he was a drunkard and was a mad person and always went to the extreme of getting a medical certificate from a doctor certifying he was mad but Kondraski did not believe him.

‘Other things remaining the same, when a person takes successive units of a commodity, the marginal utility diminishes constantly.’ 

The marginal utility of a commodity diminishes at the consumer gets larger quantities of it. Marginal utility is the change in the total utility resulting from one unit change in the consumption of a commodity per unit of time. Assumptions :

Followings are the some assumptions of the law of diminishing marginal utility : 

(i) It is assumed that utility can be measured and a consumer can express his satisfaction in quantitative terms such as 1, 2, 3... etc. 

(ii) Consumption of reasonable quantity. 

(iii) Continuous consumption. 

(iv) Monetary measurement of utility. 

(v) No change in quantity. 

(vi) Rational consumer. 

(vii) MU of money remains constant. 

(viii)Independent utilities. 

(ix) Fixed income price.

This law can be explained with the help of the above schedule and diagram: