Class 12 Political Science Alternative Centres of Power Extra Questions

1. The head quarter of the ASEAN is ______.
   1. Kahira
   2. New Delhi
   3. Dhaka
   4. Jakarta
2. The South Asian Free Trade Agreement (SAFTA) was signed by the members of SAARC in which year?

3. Mention the full form of the following

   1. CTBT
   2. ASEAN
4. When did China get independence?
5. What are the components of the ASEAN Vision 2020?
6. Give any two reasons why regionally and globally China has become an economic power to reckon with.
7. Highlight any four drawbacks in the changed Chinese economic system.
8. Explain the role of emerging alternative centres of power in transforming the different countries into prosperous economies.
9. Identify the contentious issues between China and India. How could these be resolved for greater cooperation ? Give your suggestions.
10. What steps should be taken to strengthen the ASEAN in the international community?
11. On a political outline map of world locate and label the following and symbolise them a indicated:
    Questions

    1. An older member of EU between Portugal and Farnce. Symbolise (A)
    2. An older member near Belguim and Netherlands. Symbolise (B)
    3. The four new members of EU. Symbolise 1,2,3,4.
    4. Four old members of EU. Symbolise 5, 6,7,8.

    

12. Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions: ASEAN was and still remains principally an economic association. While the ASEAN region as a whole is a much smaller economy compared to the US the EU, and Japan, its economy is growing much faster than all these. This accounts for the growth in its influence both in the region and beyond. The objectives of the ASEAN Economic Community are to create a common market and production base within ASEAN States and to aid social and economic development in the region, The Economic Community would also like to improve the existing ASEAN Dispute Settlement Mechanism to resolve economic disputes. ASEAN has focused on creating a Free Trade Area (FTA) for investment, labour, and services. The US and China have already moved fest to negotiate FTAs with ASEAN. Questions

    1. What is the objective of ASEAN Economic Community?
    2. Why did ASEAN establish Free Trade Areas (FTAs)?
    3. How ASEAN Economic Community would resolve economic disputes?
    4. Which countries have already moved fast to negotiate FTAs with ASEAN and why?
13. How does geographical proximity influence the formation of regional organisations?

Class 12 – Political Science (Ch-4 Alternative Centres of Power)
Answer

1. 4. Jakarta, Explanation: It is in the capital of Indonesia.
2. The South Asian Free Trade Agreement (SAFTA) was signed by the members of SAARC in the year 2004.
3. 1. CTBT stands for the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty.
   2. ASEAN stands for the Association of South East Nations.
4. China got independence in 1949.
5. The ASEAN Vision 2020 has defined an outward-looking role for ASEAN in the international community. This builds on the existing ASEAN policy to encourage negotiations over conflicts in the region.
6. Regionally and globally China has become an economic power to reckon believe with as :
   1. Adjustments through economic considerations have been made with Japan, US, ASEAN, and Russia. Its investments and help in American, African and Latin states have helped it to project itself a major global player for developing states.
   2. The integration of China’s economy has considerable influence on trade partners.
7. Even though the Chinese economy has improved dramatically, there have been negative consequences affecting the people of China. The four drawbacks in the changed Chinese Economic System were:
   1. Unemployment has risen in China with nearly 100 million people are looking for jobs.
   2. Female employment and conditions of work are as bad as in Europe of the 18th and 19th centuries.
   3. Corruption and environmental degradation have increased besides a rise in economic inequality between rural and urban residents and coastal and inland provinces.
   4. Regionally and Globally, China has become an economic reckoning.
8. After the end of bipolar structure of world politics in the early 1990s, it interpreted that all alternative centers of economic and political power could limit the dominance by US. Two forces were established to compete with this factor. They were: In Europe, the European Union and In Asia, the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN). While evolving regional solutions to their historical enmities and weaknesses, both the EU and the ASEAN have developed alternative institutions and conventions that build a more peaceful and cooperative regional order and have transformed the countries in the region into prosperous economies. The economic emergence of China has made a substantial impact on world politics.
9. 1. The contentious issues between China and India are as given below:
      1. Soon after the independence, both States were involved in differences arising from the Chinese takeover of Tibet in 1950 and the final settlement of the Sino-Indian border.
      2. China and India were involved in a border conflict of 1962 over competing for territorial claims principally in Arunachal Pradesh and in the Aksai Chin region in Ladakh.
   2. 1. The contentious issues between the two countries can be resolved through a series of talks to resolve the border issue was also initiated in 1981.
      2. Both view themselves as rising powers in global politics and both would like to play a major role in the Asian economy and politics.
10. The following steps should be taken to strengthen the ASEAN in the international community:
    1. More countries should be encouraged to join the ASEAN for better cooperation in the region.
    2. Its objectives should be broadened, so that its members may come closer to each other.
    3. Like the European Union, it should have supranational structures and institutions such as common currency, a common parliament, a common market and a common foreign and security policy.
    4. There should be no restrictions on people for movement from one state to another.
    5. The existing ASEAN Dispute Settlement Mechanism to resolve economic disputes should be improved.
11. 1. An older member of EU between Portugal and France is Spain.
    2. An older member near Belgium and Netherlands is Germany.
    3. The four new members of EU are:
       • Estonia
       • Poland
       • Hungary
       • Lithuania
    4. The four old members of EU are:
       • Finland
       • Denmark
       • Austria
       • Ireland
12. 1. The objectives of the ASEAN Economic Community was:
       • To create a common market and production based activities within ASEAN states and to aid social and economic development in the region.
       • To improve the ASEAN Dispute Settlement Mechanism to resolve economic disputes.
    2. Free Trade Areas have been established for investment, labour, and services.
    3. ASEAN Economic Community would resolve the economic disputes by improving the existing ASEAN Dispute Settlement Mechanism.
    4. The US and China have been already moved fast to negotiate FTAs with ASEAN. These countries have negotiated fast because of a common market and production base.
13. Geographical proximity influences the formation of regional organisations because the countries of a region face similar problems. For example, before and after the Second World War, the South East Asian countries suffered the economic and political consequences of repeated colonialisms, both European and Japanese. There were common problems of nation-building, the ravages of poverty, economic backwardness and the pressure to join one bloc or the other during the Cold War. There was no informal cooperation and interaction. Thus, ASEAN was established by South East Asian countries. Similarly, the effects of the Second World War brought the West European states closer to each other. Marshall Plan, OEEC, Council of Europe, the European Economic Community, European Parliament and ultimately the European Union were various steps in this direction. If the European Union has succeeded in the creation of the European Parliament or to have a common currency i.e., Euro, it is due to their geographical proximity.