The menstrual cycle is the reproductive cycle in a human female after puberty. The ovary releases one egg every month. The uterus also prepares itself every month to receive a fertilized egg. Various hormones are involved in controlling the cycle. The role of hormones is as follows:

1) Pituitary gland secretes Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) which stimulates the development of follicle.

2) The follicle cells then secretes estrogen. Increase in the level of estrogen, stimulates the thickening of endometrium in the uterus. Also, it leads to the secretion of Luteinizing hormone (LH) by the pituitary gland which causes ovulation.

3) The level of LH increase and this is followed by increase in the secretion of progesterone and the follicles develop to form corpus luteum.

4) The corpus luteum then secrets high level of progesterone preparing the uterus for implantation. The high level of estrogen and progesterone decreases the level of FSH and LH.

5) In case no implantation occurs, levels of progesterone and estrogen decreases resulting in the breakdown of endometrium marking the beginning of menstruation.

8) After the menstruation begins, a level of FSH and LH again rises resulting in the beginning of new menstrual cycle.
 

You can generate random numbers in Python by using random module. Python offers random module that can generate random numbers. These are pseudo-random number as the sequence of number generated depends on the seed. If the seeding value is same, the sequence will be the same.

The dewan was convinced that if the Maharaja did not find the tiger soon, the results would be catastrophic for the kingdom and himself. However, upon seeing the tiger which had been brought from the People's Park in Madras and kept hidden at his house, he felt a sense of relief. The dewan and his wife dragged the tiger to the car and shoved it into the seat. He drove the car straight to the forest where the Maharaja was hunting on his own

Formal Communication:

1. ‘Formal Communication’ is the transmission of infor­mation in formal organizational structure and in specific direction.

2. The purposes of formal communication are to give orders, convey instructions and fulfill the objectives of the organisation through some pre-determined rules and regulations.

3. Letters, reports, memos, speeches, e-mail, internet, website, etc. are used in the case of formal communi­cation.

4. In the case of formal communication feedback requires some time due to completion of formal procedure.

5. Formal communication is time-consuming and costly.

6. It is official and formal in nature.

Informal Communication:

1. ‘Informal Communication’ is the communication on the basis of informal relations and understanding among the people at the same or different levels.

2. The purposes of informal communication are to build up informal relationship through personal contacts, sharing of information, etc.

3. Usually verbal channels (e.g., face-to-face conversations, telephone calls, gossip, etc.) are used in the case of informal communication.

4 . In informal communication feedback is immediate.

5. Informal communication being verbal is less costly and immediate. Of course, gossip may consume productive working hours.

6. It is unofficial and informal in nature.

To Calculation of new profit sharing ratio:

A's new ratio= old ratio-sacrifice

                    = 5/10-1/5

                    = 3/10

B's ratio= 4/10

C's new ratio= 1/10+1/5

                     = 3/10

New ratio= 3:4:3

Sacrificing ratio:

A's sacrifice= 1/5

C's gain= 1/5

The new profit sharing ratio= 1:1:1

Calculation of sacrificing ratio:

A's sacrifice = 5/10-1/3

                  = 5/30

B's sacrifice= 4/10-1/3

                   = 2/30

Sacrificing ratio= 5:2

C's gain= 7/30

(i) It Initiates Action: The employees are appointed up to the first three functions of management (planning, organising and staffing). But they cannot commence their job until they are not informed about what to do and how to do. This job manager performs through direction. Thus, it is evident that it is direction which initiates action in an organisation.

(ii) It Integrates Employees’ Efforts: Many employees work in an organisation. If any one of employees in the employees’-chain does not perform up to the mark, it adversely affects the performance of remaining employees. Thus, it is essential to establish coordination among all the activities. Manager establishes this coordination by supervising, providing good leadership, motivating and exchanging ideas with his subordinates.

(iii) It is the Means of Motivation: The objectives of an organisation can only be achieved by motivated employees. Motivated employees work with full dedication and with a feel of belongingness. Now the question is how can the employees be motivated? The work of motivating employees can be accomplished through the Directing function of management.

(iv) It Facilitates of Implementation Changes: Oftenly, employees show resistance to change in their organisational structure. But with the changing demand of time, it needs to be implemented/enforced. Managers through the medium of Direction shape the mindset of the employees in a manner that they willfully accept changes.

Charley visit Sam To consult the incident of Third level incident at Grand Central Station

• Mendel conducted cross-pollination experiments using several true-breeding pea lines. 
• A true-breeding line is one that, having undergone continuous self-pollination, shows the stable trait inheritance and expression for several generations.
• Mendel selected 14 true-breeding pea plant varieties, as pairs which were similar except for one character with contrasting traits.
•  Some of the contrasting traits selected were smooth or wrinkled seeds, yellow or green seeds, inflated (full) or constricted green or yellow pods and tall or dwarf plants. In these green pod is the dominant trait and the yellow pod is a recessive trait. 
• Hence, a green pod is a dominant trait in pea. 

A cross between homozygous round seeds plant (RR) and homozygous wrinkled seeds plant (rr) produced all the F1 offspring with round seeds. This is because the round shape is determined by the dominant allele. According to the Law of Dominance, in a heterozygous individual, the phenotype will be determined by the dominant allele as recessive allele is inexpressive in the presence of dominant allele.

The concept of Neo Determinism was introduced by Griffith Taylor which emphasises the middle path or madhyam marg between two ends of environmental determinism and possibilism. It can be understood by the following points:
1. The concept envisages that there is nothing absolute whether it is an absolute necessity (i.e. environmental determinism) and absolute freedom (i.e. possibilism).
2. A human being can inhibit nature by obeying it, as possibilities can be created within a limit.
3. Over eOver-exploitation natural resources for the development of an economy causes environmental problems like the greenhouse effect, ozone layer depletion, global warming, receding glaciers and degrading lands.

An example of neo determination i.e. middle path is traffic signals. Red light means stop while green means go and amber light provides a gap between red and green lights ‘to get set’. Amber light is middle path just as neo determinism is in between two ends of environmental determinism and possibilism.

The license policy was misused by the big industrialists. It was found that often the industrialists obtained licenses not for starting a new firm but in order to prevent the competitive firms from entering the market. Moreover, the licensing system was inefficient and corrupted. Huge time and effort of the industrialists was lost in obtaining the licenses.