वन-पोलर वर्ल्ड ऑर्डर – जब दुनिया की राजनीति में एक ही महाशक्ति का वर्चस्व होता है और दुनिया भर में कई चयनों को उसकी इच्छा के आधार पर लिया जाता है, तो इसे एक-ध्रुवीय विश्व प्रणाली के रूप में जाना जाता है। वर्तमान में अमेरिका पृथ्वी क्रम पर स्थापित है।

In the given poem, the poet notices that her mother is sleeping with her mouth open and that her face is "ashen" like it is of a corpse. The poet realizes that her mother is quite old and looks faded. This makes the poet worried as thinks that her mother might die soon.

Two features of the European Union that make it an influential organisation are :

1. EU has evolved over time from an economic union to political union. It has its own flag, anthem, founding date and currency.
2. EU’s share of world trade is three times larger than that of the US.

An electric dipole is a pair of equal and opposite point charges q and –q, separated by a distance of 2a.

• Direction from –q to q is the direction of the dipole.
• The mid-point of locations of –q and q is called the center of the dipole.
• Total charge of an electric dipole is zero but since the charges are separated by some distance the electric field do not cancel out.
• Dipole moment is the mathematical product of the separation of the ends of a dipole and the magnitude of the charges (2a x q).

Systematic geography:-The study of a particular element in geography, such as agriculture and settlement, seeking to understand the processes which influence it and the spatial patterns which it causes.

Regional geography:-It is a major branch of geography. It focuses on the interaction of different cultural and natural factors in a specific land or land space, while its counterpart, systematic geography.

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi is the father of nation.

Nutritive components of diet 

i) Carbohydrate

ii) Fats

iii) Proteins

iv) Vitamins

V) Mineral

Non Nutritive components of diet

 i) Fibre or Roughage

ii)Water

iii) Colour

 iv) Flavour Compounds

v) Plant Compounds 

Elements of Yoga : Yoga is not a mechanical process but a thoughtful process. The main purpose of yoga is to provide a sound body with tension free and sound mind. The ultimate aim of yoga is" self-identification and self perfection which comes through self realization and self purification. According to Patanjali, Yoga consists of 8 (eight) stages to achieve the union of Atma with Parmatma. Patanjali outlines a complete eight fold path that deals with all elements of Yoga in our life inwardly and outwardly.
The elements of Yoga are :
(i) Yama : These are the basic principles, codes of ethics or restraints such as honesty, non-violence, non-stealing and non-possessiveness. These are universal commandments. These restraints are meant to prevent a person from indulging in undesirable worldly activities.
(ii) Niyam : These are basic principles for self, like a healthy body, hygienic habits, proper diet, sleep, rest, work routine, etc. This is a self moral code of discipline. We call it lifestyle development.
(iii) Asana : These are slow stretching activities performed to improve the whole body fitness. Asanas are the postures which keep the body healthy, balanced and helps it in maintaining harmony with nature.
(iv) Pranayama : This is a systematic and rythmic control of breathing, performed to improve the functioning of the body. It is a breathing exercise which includes breath in, retention and breath out and then relax.

The basic approach was the development of high-yielding varieties of cereal grains, expansion of irrigation infrastructure, modernization of management techniques, distribution of hybridized seeds, synthetic fertilizers, and pesticides to farmers. The idea was to never depend on any other country for food sufficiency. So in 1965, the government with the help of Indian geneticists M.S. Swaminathan, known as the father of Green Revolution, launched the Green Revolution.

A tribe is a group of people living under primitive condition and still not popularly known to more modern culture. There are numbers of tribes living all over India as well as various parts in the World. More than 55% of the total tribal population of India are living in central India like Bihar, West Bengal, Orissa, and Madhya Pradesh and remaining tribal population is concentrated in the Himalayan belt, Western India, the Dravidian region and Andaman, Nicobar and Lakshadweep islands. According to D.N Majumdar, tribes as social group with popular association endogamous with not any particular of functions governed by tribal ruler or otherwise, united in language or dialect recognizing social distance with other tribes or castes. Out of them, Santhal is an important tribe which contributes more than 50% of the Indian tribal population. The paper tries to explain heartening situation of Indian tribes with reference to Santhal communities in Birbhum district and also finds out various cultural as well as food habits, religious practices, social system like marriage and various types of awareness. Social change is one of the important issues which can determined the level of development and change in the pattern of life style. L.M Lewis believes that tribal societies are small in scale are restricted in the spatial and temporal range of their social, legal and political relations and possess a morality, a religion and world view of corresponding dimensions.

When a new stamp is issued, the stamp collectors buy that stamp and use them to the envelops on the very first day of the sale. The new stamp gets the post mark and the date. This is called the “first day cover”. The receiver never opens it because he knows that he has himself just put a blank paper in it. Charley found this type of cover in his stamp-collection.

Direction of foreign trade means the countries which India exports and the country from which it imports. 

So, as per the textbook under the British rule the direction of India's foreign trade was mostly with Britain and few other countries  like China, Ceylon (Sri Lanka) and Persia (Iran). 

The issues of tension (negative aspects) between India and Bangladesh are :

1. Sharing of river waters of Ganga and Brahmaputra has been one of the biggest issues between India and Bangladesh.
2. Indian Government is not happy with Bangladesh’s refusal to act on unlawful immigration to India. It seems that the government of Bangladesh is deliberately not trying to stop these activities.
3. Bangladesh’s support to anti-Indian Islamic fundamentalist groups. Therefore there has been matter of conflicts between both countries.
4. Bangladesh refused to allow Indian troops to move through its territory to the North-East region.
5. Bangladesh refused to export natural gas to India and allow Myanmar to do so through its territory.

Chemisorption involves high activation energy. So, first, it increases and then decreases with increase in temperature. The initial increase is due to the heat supplied which act as activation energy required for chemisorption. But later it decreases due to the exothermic nature of adsorption at equilibrium.

The Fifth Report was submitted to the British Parliament in 1813. It was called the Fifth Report as it was the fifth in a series of reports about the working of East India Company. The core issue of the Fifth Report was the administration and activities of the East India Company. This report had 1002 pages. About 800 pages were in the form of appendices which included petitions of zamindars and ryots, reports of Collectors, statistical tables on revenue returns and the official notes on the revenue and judicial administration of Bengal and Madras.

Objectives of the Report : Many groups of people in Britain were not happy with the working of East India Company in India. They opposed the monopoly enjoyed by East India Company over trade with India and China. Many British traders wanted a share in Company’s trade in India. They emphasised that the Indian market should be opened for British manufactures. Many political groups even argued that the conquest of Bengal benefitted only the East India Company and not the British nation as a whole. They highlighted the misrule and maladministration by East India Company. As a result, the British Parliament passed several acts in the late 18th century to regulate and control the rule of East India Company in India.

It even asked the Company to submit regular reports on its administrative activities in India. The Fifth Report was such a report. It was produced by select committee. It was concerned with the nature of Company’s rule in India. It contained an invaluable evidence against the rule of East India Company in India. It brings out the pitiable condition in rural Bengal in the late 18th century.

The elements of delegation are as follows (i) Authority It refers to the right of an individual to command his subordinates and to take action within the scope of his position. The concept of authority arises from the established scalar chain, which links the various job positions and levels of an organisation. It must be noted that authority is restricted by laws and the rules and regulations of the organizations. Authority flows downward. (ii) Responsibility Responsibility is the obligation of a subordinate to properly perform the assigned duty. It arises from a superior-subordinate relationship because the subordinate is bound to perform the duty assigned to him by his superior. Responsibility flows upward. (iii) Accountability Accountability implies being answerable for the final outcome. Once authority has been delegated and responsibility accepted, one cannot deny accountability It cannot be delegated and flows upwards i.e., a subordinate will be accountable to a superior for satisfactory performance of work.