The entire process is called gene expression. In translation, messenger RNA (mRNA) is decoded in the ribosome decoding center to produce a specific amino acid chain, or polypeptide. The tRNAs carry specific amino acids that are chained together into a polypeptide as the mRNA passes through and is read by the ribosome.

Translation is the process of translating the sequence of a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule to a sequence of amino acids during protein synthesis. The genetic code describes the relationship between the sequence of base pairs in a gene and the corresponding amino acid sequence that it encodes. Translation is a process by which the genetic code contained within an mRNA molecule is decoded to produce the specific sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. It occurs in the cytoplasm following transcription and, like transcription, has three stages: initiation, elongation and termination.

Gandhi ji saw the cultural and social backwardness in the Champaran villages. In order to educate them he made an appeal for teachers. During his long stay at Champaran, Gandhiji taught people self-reliance and freedom from the fear of the British. Thus he paved the path for the freedom of lndia.

There was a constant expansion of agriculture during the Mughal period. The abundance of land, availability of labour and the mobility of peasants were three factors that accounted for the constant expansion of agriculture. Rice, wheat and millets were the most frequently cultivated crops. It depends on monsoons, but artificial systems of irrigation were also implemented. The state undertook the digging of new canals and repairs of old canals. though agriculture was labour intensive, farmers used new technologies that harnessed animal power. Wooden plough with iron tip was used since it was light. there was also the use of drill, pulled by a pair of giant oxen to plant seeds, but broadcasting of seeds was widely followed. A wooden blade with a narrow iron blade was used for sowing and weeding.

Archaeologists reconstruct the past by a study of the artefacts which they unearth such as seals, coins, remains of buildings, clay, pots or burnt grains. Archaeologist reconstruct the past in the following ways:

• Archaeologists excavate the ancient sites. They try to find about the life of the people by studying various unearthed artefacts such as remains of houses, pots, jewellery, coins, agricultural tools, weighs etc.
• Zooarchaeologists study the animal bones and try to find out if these animals were domesticated. For example, Animal bones found at Harappan sites include those of cattle, sheep, goat, buffalo and pig. It show us that the Harappans were aware of these animal.
• Archaeologists try to find about the prevalence of agriculture by finding the remains of burnt grains. Some ways by which they try to find about the agricultural practices is by studying seals and terracotta sculptures. For example, representations on seals and terracotta sculpture indicate that the bull was known, and archaeologists extrapolate from this that oxen were used for ploughing.
• Archaeologists also try to find about social or economic differences amongst people in the past by studying burial sites. When graves contain pottery and ornaments, it indicate that people during that time believed in afterlife.
• Archaeologists try to look for raw material such as stone nodules, whole shells, copper ore; tools; unfinished objects; rejects and waste materials to identify the centres of craft production.
• Religious beliefs of the people can be reconstructed based on the study of seals and coins. In the Harappan Civilisation, some seals depicted rituals while some seals had plat motifs on them indicating nature worship.

India’s Nuclear Policy can be understood with the help of the following five points:

1. India advocates no first use and reiterates India’s commitment to global verifiable on non-discriminatory nuclear disarmament loading to a nuclear weapon free world.
2. Pt.Nehru always promoted science and technology to build a modern India i.e. initiated nuclear programme in the late 1940s under the guidance of Homi J. Bhaba.
3. India was against nuclear weapons, hence pleaded much nuclear disarmament with superpowers.
4. India always considered the treaty on the  Non-Proliferation for Nuclear weapons as discriminatory and refused to sign on it. It was because India could not take a risk with the threats of China and Pakistan.
5. Even India’s first Nuclear Test in May 1974 was termed as a peaceful explosion and India argued to use nuclear power for peaceful purposes only and for some development programs.

How Far is it Justified for Children to Participate in TV Programmes?
by Sukanya

Children up to the age of 12 years have been participating in TV programmes, bearing a lot of stress and neglecting their studies at such a prime time of their life. Today, the entertainment industry comprises a large number of child artists who gain much fame at a very early stage in their lives. Taking part in television programmes is the result of such unhealthy competitions, whose unbearable pressure provokes the children to do something at a very young stage. Most of their time is consumed or rather wasted in such participation when they should be concentrating more on their studies at this age. The children are so obsessed with the programmes, that they do pay the least attention towards their books. They are occupied with their schedule so much that they have the least stamina to study after returning home. Thus, the golden time of their life is invested in doing TV programmes and entertainment. 
Others enjoy their act but how many of us bother about their prospects? It is not always possible for a child artist to gain the same success on maturity. So what would they become when they grow up? People should first prioritise their basic studies and then come into the entertainment business. It is not justified for children below the age of 12 years to be involved in TV programmes.

Mutation breeding is another common breeding technology that's much faster than conventional breeding. In this process, breeders use different methods to damage the DNA in seeds, and as a result, introduce mutations in plants.

RBI controls and regulates all the banks and other financial institutions in India. One of the major aims of financial sector reforms is to transform the role of RBI from regulator to facilitator of financial sector.

Adjusting Journal Entry

Working Note

Adjustment table

Calculation of Opening Capitals and Interest:Interest on capital is allowable only if there is enough profits to cover it up otherwise not as well as it should be cleared to all that partners shall not be entitled any interest on capital, unless specifically given or written in the partnership agreement. Interest on capital introduced by the partners is calculated on the basis of time of contribution and it should also be considered the introduction of fresh capital by any partner as well as drawings made by the partners. It is important to note here that, the interest on capital provided to a partner is a compensation given to him for his/her investment in the firm foregoing the alternative risk free/risky investment available with even higher return. Interest on capital is necessary to partners because they always not share the profit on the basis of capital contribution ratio rather sometime equally even through the capital contribution is unequal. So, it equalizes the weight to maintain a parity the interest on capital plays a vital role among partners.
Opening Capital = Closing Capital + Drawings - Share of Profits
Accordingly, opening capital of
A = 4,00,000 + (4,000 {tex}\times{/tex} 12) - (6,00,000 {tex}\times \frac 13{/tex}) = Rs 2,48,000
B = 3,00,000 + (3,000 {tex}\times{/tex} 12) - (6,00,000 {tex}\times \frac 13{/tex}) = Rs 1,36,000
C = 2,00,000 + (2,000 {tex}\times{/tex} 12) - (6,00,000 {tex}\times \frac 13{/tex}) = Rs 24,000
Interest on Capital = A = 2,48,000 {tex}\times \frac{6}{100}{/tex} = Rs 14,880
B = 1,36,000 {tex}\times \frac{6}{100}{/tex} = Rs 8,160
C = 24,000 {tex}\times \frac{6}{100}{/tex} = Rs 1,440

Values highlighted in the above question are:

1. Development of remote tribal area, by providing employment opportunities.
2. Equity, even though capital contributions are unequal, still the partners are sharing profits equally, thereby promoting harmony and brotherhood.

द्वितीय विश्वयुद्ध के बाद के काल में संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका और सोवियत रूस के बीच उत्पन्न तनाव की स्थिति को शीत युद्ध के नाम से जाना जाता है।