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Yogita Ingle 6 years ago
Hegemony as Structural Power and Hegemony as Soft Power.
Hegemony as Hard PowerIt reflects the military strength of a powerful country. The US is powerful mainly because of its superior military dominance. Some features of US hegemony as a hard power are
- Weapons of USA can reach any part of the world accurately and lethally. It can cause maximum damage to its enemies, while its own forces are sheltered to the maximum from enemy’s attacks.
- No country in the world can even think of matching the military might of the US.
- It not only has superior military weapons but also spends substantially on military research and development.
Hegemony as Structural Power
A hegemon has structural power if it supports the creation and existence of a world economy. The US is a hegemonic structural power because
- The US has played a great role in providing global public goods. Public goods are goods which are used by one person without reducing the amount of goods available for someone else.
- Fresh air and roads are some examples of public goods. In the world economy, sea lanes of communication (SLOCs) are used by merchant ships. Free trade in an open world economy would not be possible without open SLOCs.
Posted by Mahesh M 6 years ago
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Posted by Khushi Varshney 6 years ago
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Gaurav Seth 6 years ago
A coin is tossed six times and X represents the difference between the number of heads and the number of tails.
∴X(6H,0T)=∣6−0∣=6
X(5H,1T)=∣5−1∣=4
X(4H,2T)=∣4−2∣=2
X(3H,3T)=∣3−3∣=0
X(2H,4T)=∣2−4∣=2
X(1H,5T)=∣1−5∣=4
X(0H,6T)=∣0−6∣=6
Thus, the possible values of X are 0,2,4 and 6.
Posted by Mahesh M 6 years ago
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Yogita Ingle 6 years ago
The crystal field theory was proposed by Hans Bethe and VanVleck. This theory gives satisfactory explanation for the bonding and the properties of complexes than the valence bond theory.
Assumptions of Crystal field theory:
The interaction between the metal ion and the ligand is purely electrostatic.
Negative ligands are treated as point charges and neutral ligands are treated as dipoles.
The five d-orbitals in an isolated gaseous metal atom (or) ion are degenerate.
The repulsions between the electrons in the metal ion and the ligands increases the energy of the d-orbitals and lifts the degeneracy in d-orbitals. This results in the d- orbitals getting split.
Posted by Janvi Kanojia 6 years ago
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Aarohi ? 6 years ago
Yogita Ingle 6 years ago
India’s traditional viewpoint regarding nuclear power and weaponry has always been either complete disarmament of nuclear weapons or equal opportunities regarding the same for all countries. This has led to opposition from India against several international treaties aimed at non-proliferation because as per India majority of the treaties aims to legitimize the monopoly of the five winning powers or nuclear powers of the Second World War with respect to nuclear weapons. This has led India’s refusal to sign the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty in 1996 at the Geneva Conference.
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Yogita Ingle 6 years ago
The Soviet system gave primacy to the state and the institution of the party. This system centred around the Communist Party and no other political party was allowed. The economy was planned and controlled by the state.
(i) The Soviet System was very bureaucratic and authoritarian.
(ii) Lack of democracy and the absence of freedom of speech.
(iii) Tight control over all institutions and was unaccountable to the people.
(iv) Russia dominated everything and people from other regions felt neglected and often suppressed.
Posted by Arsh Pandher 6 years ago
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Yogita Ingle 6 years ago
Open door policy: generate higher productivty by investments of capital and technology from abroad. Shock therapy: The model of transition in russia,Cental Asia and East Europe that was infuenced by the World Bank and IMF came to be known as shock therapy. * Deng Xiaoping adopted the open door policy. The Chinese did not go for shock therapy but opened their economy step by step.
1. 1982= China started privatisation in agriculture sector.
2. 1998= China started privatisation in industrial sector. 3. Trade Barriers were removed from SEZ(special economic zone) where foreign investors could set up their enterprises.
4. In China, the state played and continues to play a central role in setting up a market economy. USSR
a. Shock therapy Gorbachev ahead of his time with Perestroika and Demokratizatsiya and Glasnost.
b. sudden shift to Liberal Capitalism collapse of Economy. Rise of Mafia-Garage sale of industries.
Posted by Simran Kaur 6 years ago
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Ďãřşháñăã Yadav ? ? ? 6 years ago
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