Message Writing

 Sandesh Lekhan ,

संदेश लेखन

संदेश क्या होते हैं ?

सन्देश शब्द की उत्पत्ति संस्कृत से मानी गई है। जिसका अर्थ है खबर या समाचार प्राप्त करना। जब कोई व्यक्ति किसी कारणवश किसी दूसरे व्यक्ति से सीधे बात नहीं कर सकता है।तब वह कोई जानकारी या समाचार या खबर , संदेश के जरिये दूसरे व्यक्ति तक पहुंचता है। संदेश किसी व्यक्ति विशेष या किसी समूह द्वारा किसी व्यक्ति विशेष या समूहों को दिए जा सकते हैं।

ये संदेश लिखित या मौखिक दोनों हो सकते हैं। संदेश सुखद और दुखद दोनों तरह के होते है।कोई भी संदेश व्यक्तिगत व सामूहिक हो सकता है। संदेश भूतकाल , वर्तमान काल व भविष्य काल में लिखे जा सकते हैं। 

संदेश लिखने के कारण 

संदेश लिखने के कई कारण हो सकते हैं। संदेश औपचारिक और अनौपचारिक दोनों तरह के हो सकते हैं। अनौपचारिक संदेश या व्यक्तिगत संदेश किसी अपने करीबी को कोई संदेश / सूचना देने के लिए लिखा जाता है। अनौपचारिक संदेश अपने परिजनों , मित्रगणों , रिश्तेदारों या घर के सदस्यों को लिखे जाते हैं।

औपचारिक संदेश किसी अधिकारी या किसी ऑफिस के किसी कर्मचारी या आम जनमानस के लिए सार्वजनिक रूप से लिखे जा सकते हैं। अगर संदेश किसी नेता या अभिनेता दारा दिया जाता है तो यह आम लोगों को प्रभावित करने के उद्देश्य से लिखा जाता है। यह सार्वजनिक संदेश हैं।  

27

3x9 = 27

It was a sunny day. I was sitting under a huge banyan tree. I was reading a book of moral stories when I came across a story which changed the way I look at life. It goes like: There once was a little boy who had a bad temper. His father gave him a bag of nails and told him that every time he lost his temper, he must hammer a nail into the back of the fence.

The first day, the boy had driven 37 nails into the fence. Over the next few weeks, as he learned to control his anger, the number of nails hammered daily gradually dwindled down. He discovered it was easier to hold his temper than to drive those nails into the fence.

Finally the day came when the boy didn't lose his temper at all. He told his father about it and the father suggested that the boy now pull out one nail for each day that he was able to hold his temper. The days passed and the boy was finally able to tell his father that all the nails were gone.

The father took his son by the hand and led him to the fence. He said, "You have done well, my son, but look at the holes in the fence. The fence will never be the same. When you say things in anger, they leave a scar just like this one. You can put a knife in a man and draw it out. It won't matter how many times you say I'm sorry. The wound is still there."

Problem of choice refers to the allocation of various scarce resources which have alternative uses that are utilized for the production of various commodities and services in the economy for the satisfaction of unlimited human wants
 

Nawab Salimullah of Dacca proposed the formation of a Muslim political party and on 30th December 1906, a new party was launched at the Dacca Educational Conference. This party was known as the All India Muslim League. 

1. Political parties are the most visible instruments of bringing a change in a specific democratic country. Most of the ordinary citizens identify with popular political parties. For example- if we travel to the remote parts or villages of a country and speak to the less educated people, we would come to know that although they do not know anything about the government or the constitution they do identify with party symbols.
 2. Political parties are crucial institutions of a democracy which perform a variety of functions in the smooth working of a country. They are composed of leaders, active members, and their followers.
3. Governments at various levels such as the national or state level are formed through the election process wherein different political parties compete to exercise political power.
4. Parties play a crucial role in putting forward their policies and programmes for the welfare of the general public.
5. Political parties are also involved in the process of decision making. Since most of the members of the legislature belong to different parties, they tend to influence decision making by going in the direction of the party leadership.

The subjects mentioned in the state list are maintaining law and order in the state, police, health, transport, land policies, etc. These laws can be made by the state government.

Franz was not scolded for reaching the school; late on that day because everyone was very sad because of the notice. As per the notice, it was instructed that French would not be taught in the schools, instead, German would be taught from the next day onward. It was M.Hamel's last lesson in French and because of this reason, there was a sense of grief and sadness everywhere.

For A to be perpendicular to B, A.B should be zero

A.B=(2i + 3j- 6k).(3i-xj+6k)=0

6-3M-36=0

-30-3M=0

3M=-30

or M=-10

HSO4- is a base on the other side of equation - it is the thing that ACCEPTS the proton, so it would act as a BASE. It is the conjugate base of H2SO4. H2SO4/HSO4- is an acid/conjugate base pair. H20 is the base in the forward rxn, because it accepts a proton, and becomes H3O+. An acid and a base which differ only by the presence or absence of a proton are called a conjugate acid-base pair. Thus NH3 is called the conjugate base of NH4+, and NH4+ is the conjugate acid of NH3. Similarly, HF is the conjugate acid of F–, and F– the conjugate base of HF.

1. The return journey began and Valli was just as excited as the first time.
2. She was looking at everything enthusiastically when she suddenly noticed a cow lying dead by the roadside.
3. It must have been hit by a fast moving vehicle. Valli confirmed with the conductor that it was the same cow they had seen earlier.
4. Her mood experienced a shift towards sadness.
5. She wondered how a lovable and playful creature instantly transformed into a horrible and lifeless one

they are called as convergent and divergent mirror:

When parallel light rays fall on the surface of convex mirror then after reflection those rays seem to meet (diverge) at a single point but actually they do not meet. So, it is called diverging mirror.

When parallel light rays fall on the surface of a concave mirror, all the rays after reflection converge(meet) at a single point(focus). Hence, a concave mirror is also called a converging mirror.

All the light rays reflected by concave mirror converges at its focus. Hence, concave mirror is also known as converging mirror.

To reach the peak of 10m the energy of spring must be

Mass = 50g = 50/1000kg = 0.05kg

acceleration due to gravity = g m/s^2 (take it as 10m/s^2 or 9.8 m/s^2 as directed in question)

Height = 10m

P = mgh

 = 0.05 X g X 10 J

= 0.5g J

a) The potential energy of spring to throw it to height 10m is = 0.5g J

Taking g = 10; its 5j

b) To throw obhect to any height 'H' :

Let force coefficent of spring be = k

k X 0.03 = 5

k = 500/3

To throw it to any height H; compression c should be :

k( c) = mgH

500/3 X c = 0.05 X 10 X H

c = 0.05 X 10 X H X 3/500

Substitute the value of any H, to find out c (how much it needs to be compresssed. c is in metres.

5pq(p² - q²) 2p(p + q)

∵                p² - q² = (p - q) (p + q)

                                           [Using a² - b² = (a + b)(a - b)]

∴       

 Thus,        

A database is an organised collection of related data so that it can be easily accessed, managed and updated. A Database Management System (DBMS) is a software program that enables us to create, modify and extract data from a database. DBMS can be based on different data models such as network, hierarchical and relational.
A DBMS based on the relational data model stores data in the form of tables and is called Relational Database Management System (RDBMS). In this chapter, we will learn about Microsoft Access, which is an example  of RDBMS. Some other examples of RDBMS Oracle and Microsoft SQL Server.

Electrochemical Cells

The chemical changes which involve the flow of electric current are called electrochemical changes.

These are broadly of two types:

1) Electrochemical cells or Galvanic cells

These constitute the electrochemical reactions in which chemical energy is converted to electrical energy. In these cells, spontaneous redox reaction is used to generate an electric current.

The devices in which chemical energy of a spontaneous redox reaction is converted into electrical energy are called electrochemical cells or galvanic cells. In these devices, the Gibbs energy of the spontaneous redox reaction is converted into electrical work which may be used for running a motor or other electrical gadgets like heater, fan, geyser, etc.

An early example of a galvanic cell is a Daniel cell which was invented by the British chemist John Daniel in 1836. Daniel cell was constructed on the basis of the following spontaneous redox reaction :

Zn (s) + Cu²⁺ (aq) ⇔ Zn²⁺ (aq) + Cu (s)

Molar conductivity

Molar conductivity of a solution at a given concentration is the conductance of volume V of a solution containing one mole of electrolyte kept between two electrodes with an area of cross-section A and distance of unit length.

Ʌ_m = К/c

Here,

c = concentration in moles per volume
К = specific conductivity
Ʌ_m = molar conductivity.