Nek Chand was an untrained artist, renowned for his masterpiece sculpted work with stone and recycled material—the Rock Garden of Chandigarh. He was an exponent of raw art which received worldwide recognition.

White space represents the Middle Void where the interaction of Yang and Yin takes place. Man has an important role here. He becomes the conduct of communication between both poles of the universe.

‘Yang’ represents the mountain or the vertical element which is stable, warm, dry and masculine. ‘Yin’ represents the water or the horizontal element that is fluid, moist, cool and feminine. The interaction of Yang and Yin is the fundamental notion of Daoism.

Flemish artist did not draw the dragon’s eye for fear it would come alive; so lifelike was the dragon. Quinten Metsys painted a fly on artists’ canvas — artist swatted it thinking it was a real fly.

'Outsiders art' refers to those art who have no right to be artists as they have received no formal training yet show talent and artistic insight. 'Art brut' or 'raw art' are the works of art in their raw state as regards cultural and artistic influence.

The ‘Middle Void’ is the empty space between ‘Yang’ and ‘Yin’. Their interaction takes place here. It is represented by white unpainted space in Chinese paintings.

An 80-year-old creator-director, Nek Chand from India was the "untutored genius who created a paradise". He made a garden known to the world today as the 'Rock Garden' at Chandigarh. He contributed to outsider art, sculpted stones and used recycled materials.  

c. What is the significance of the border roads?

Solution:

Border roads are of strategic importance and these roads in the bordering areas of the country have improved accessibility in areas of difficult terrain and have helped in the economic development of these areas.

3. Answer the following questions in about 120 words.

a. Why are the means of transportation and communication called the lifelines of a nation and its economy?

Solution:

The means of transportation and communication are called the lifelines of a nation and its economy because they are the pre-requisites for fast development. Today, India is well-linked with the rest of the world despite its vast size, diversity and linguistic and socio-cultural plurality. Railways, airways, waterways, newspapers, radio, cinema, television and internet etc. have been contributing to its socio-economic progress in many ways.

Along with trade, these different means of transport and communication have enriched our life and added substantially to growing amenities and facilities for the comforts of life.

b.Write a note on the changing nature of international trade in the last fifteen years.

Solution:

Trade between countries is known as international trade. International trade has undergone a vast change in the last fifteen years. Exchange of goods and commodities have been superseded by the exchange of information and knowledge. For e.g., – India has emerged as a software giant at the international level, and it is earning large foreign exchange through the export of information technology.

International trade also depends on the relationship between the countries and other external factors like duties and tariffs on the transportation of goods. In the last fifteen years, different trade blocks have emerged which have changed how international trade was conducted previously.

Shanshui literally means 'mountain water' that represents 'landscape'. Mountain is Yang, that is stable, warm, dry and reaches vertically towards the heaven. While the water is that is fluid, moist, cool and horizontally resting on earth. Yang is masculine and  Yin is the feminine aspect of universal energy, reflecting the fundamental notion of Daoism.  

The Chinese and the European arts are in direct contrast to each other and represent two contrarian views of art. Western figurative paintings depict scenes exactly as they are, whereas Eastern painters depict inner space—spiritual and conceptual. The European painter wants the viewer to understand his art exactly as he sees it, whereas Chinese painter wants the viewer to use his prudence, enjoy the art and come out with his inference.

Quinten was a blacksmith who wanted to marry a painter’s daughter. The painter did not think he was a suitable match, as he was not an artist. Quinten painted a fly on one of the painter’s canvases. It looked so real that the painter tried to kill it. When he realised that Quinten had painted it, he allowed him to marry his daughter.

The chlorine to oxygen bond distance in ClO4​− is 1.44A∘. From this, we can conclude that there must be a considerable double bond character in the bonds.

Ans

From its resonating structure, it can be seen that it have considerable double bond character in the bonds.

Hence, the statement is correct.

संयुक्त वर्ण – वर्गों का मेल वर्ण संयोग कहलाता है। इन वर्षों के अलावा हिंदी भाषा में कुछ संयुक्त वर्गों का भी प्रयोग किया जाता है। ये वर्ण हैं-क्ष, त्र, ज्ञ, श्र।।
जैसे-
क् + ष = क्ष भिक्षा, क्षमा
त् + र = त्र त्रिशूल, त्रिभुज
श् + र = श्र श्रमिक, विश्राम
ज् + अ = ज्ञ संज्ञा, विज्ञान

A gigabyte is 10⁹ or 1,000,000,000 <a href="https://techterms.com/definition/byte">bytes</a>.

One gigabyte (abbreviated "GB") is equal to 1,000 <a href="https://techterms.com/definition/megabyte">megabytes</a> and precedes the <a href="https://techterms.com/definition/terabyte">terabyte</a> unit of measurement. While a gigabyte is technically 1,000,000,000 bytes, in some cases, gigabytes are used synonymously with <a href="https://techterms.com/definition/gibibyte">gibibytes</a>, which contain 1,073,741,824 bytes (1024 x 1,024 x 1,024 bytes).

Gigabytes, sometimes abbreviated "gigs," are often used to measure <a href="https://techterms.com/definition/storagecapacity">storage capacity</a>. For example, a standard <a href="https://techterms.com/definition/dvd">DVD</a> can hold 4.7 gigabytes of data. An <a href="https://techterms.com/definition/ssd">SSD</a> might hold 256 GB, and a <a href="https://techterms.com/definition/harddrive">hard drive</a> may have a storage capacity of 750 GB. <a href="https://techterms.com/definition/storagedevice">Storage devices</a> that hold 1,000 GB of data or more are typically measured in terabytes.

BOP comprises of two accounts, namely current account and capital account. BOP always balances in accounting sense  such that when current account is in surplus it is always that capital account will be in deficit by the same amount and vice- versa. Suppose current account is in surplus that is, exports are more than imports. This implies that receipt from export are more than payment for imports. This surplus would be matched by a deficit in the capital account by the same amount. In this way, in accounting sense, the country has zero net financial obligations always. 

1 watt hour is the unit of energy which is equivalent to 1 watt (W) of power used continuously for 1 hour of time.

 It is not the SI unit of energy.

 The SI unit of energy is Joule (J).

  To convert energy from W h to J, we change the units as:

Energy = 1 watt hour

⇒ E = 1 × J/s × 60 × 60 × s

⇒ E = 3600 J

- So the equivalent of 1 watt hour in SI unit is 3600 J.