एक चेक एक कागज होता है जो बैंक को उस व्यक्ति के खाते से उस व्यक्ति को एक विशिष्ट राशि का भुगतान करने का निर्देश देता है जिसके नाम पर चेक बनाया गया है

A cheque is a paper instructing the bank to pay a specific amount from the person’s account to the person in whose name the cheque has been made.

For the bus,

Initial Velocity, u = 20 m/s
Final Velocity, v = 0 m/s
Acceleration, a = -5m/s²  (minus sign because of deceleration)
Time, t = (?)

We know that,

a = (v - u)/t
∴t = (v - u)/a
∴t = (0 - 20)/(-5)
∴t = (-20)/(-5)
∴t = 4s

Thus, the bus will take 4 seconds to stop.

The revolt of 1857 shook the foundation of British East India Company and disclosed their inefficiency in handling the Indian administration. The major impact was the introduction of Government of India act which abolished the rule of British East India Company and marked the beginning of British raj that bestowed powers in the hands of the British government to rule India directly through representatives.

(1) British conspiracy against Siraj-ud-daula -
The British conspired to remove the Nawab of Bengal Siraj-ud-daulah from power, as the British wanted to make the Nawab a puppet in their hands. For this, the British joined the Nawab's commander Mir Jafar with the greed to make him the Nawab of Bengal. The British had already turned courtiers like Amichand and Jagat Seth towards them. The British were very clever, so they found the rich people who were angry with the Nawab and got them on their side. For this reason, the army of Nawab Siraj-ud-Daulah did not fight with full loyalty in the plains.
(2) Tension between British and Nawab Siraj-ud-Daula
Tensions were going on in the relations between the British and Siraj-ud-Daula. There were several reasons for this, including the fact that the British did not send any gifts to Siraj-ud-daulah when they became the Nawabs of Thebalas, the British gave aid and refuge to the Nawab's rebels, the Nawab imposed fairly strict restrictions on the British trade.
(3) Fortifications by the British -
At this time, the British and the French started the fortifications of Calcutta and Qasim Bazar. Siraj-ud-daula opposed it. The French agreed to the order of the Nawab, but the British, not caring for him, continued the fortification, which angered the Nawab.
 (4) Right over Qasim Bazaar and Calcutta -
Enraged by the fortifications by the British, the Nawab won by sending his army to Kasim Bazar and Calcutta. Many British were also arrested.
More

(1) सिराजुद्दौला के विरुद्ध अंग्रेजों का षड्यन्त्र  - 

(2) अंग्रेजों और नवाब सिराजुद्दौला में तनाव - 

(3) अंग्रेजों द्वारा किलेबन्दी - 

 (4) कासिम बाजार व कलकत्ता पर अधिकार - 

1. The human development approach focusses on improving the lives of people rather than assuming that economic growth will lead automatically to greater opportunities for all.
2. Human development is about giving people more freedom and opportunities to live lives they value, e.g. educating people, especially to girls.
3. Human Development creates the right conditions for all. For eg. create environmental sustainability or equality between men and women. Once, the basics of human development are achieved, they open up opportunities for progress in other aspects of life.
4. It also helps to create awareness among people towards their responsibilities as a citizen and human being to build up opinion for a reduction in the military expenditure, demobilisation of armed forces, disarmament and all those activities which are responsible for civil disturbances.

first let the points be

A(4,-1),B(-2,-3)

first let us take the ratio as 1:2 and later 2:1 since its trisection  .

let the point joining A and B be P(x,y)

Step-by-step explanation:

P = (1*-2+2*4/1+2  ,  1*-3+2*-1/1+2)

  = (-2+8/3  ,  -3-2/3)

  =  (6/3  ,  -5/3)

P   =  (2  ,  -5/3)

now let ratio be 2:1

P = (2*-2+1*4/3  ,  2*-3+1*-1/3)

  = (-4+4/3  ,  -6-1/3)

  = (0/3  ,  -7/3)

P = (0 , -7/3)

Answer : At the crofter’s cottage, the peddler was welcomed warmly. The peddler had never been treated kindly by the world. He was meted out cold treatment wherever he went. So he was pleasantly surprised when the crofter greeted him with warmth.

(i) The controversy over the Hindi and English as the official language started when our Constitution made the provision that the use of English for official purposes was to stop in 1965.
(ii) However, many non-Hindi speaking states demanded that the use of English should continue. In Tamil Nadu, this movement took a violent form.
(iii) So the central government responded by agreeing to continue the use of English along with Hindi for official purposes.
(iv) Thus, the flexibility shown by Indian political leaders helped our country to avoid the tense situation like that in Sri Lanka.

Given

Atomic mass of Na = 23 u

Atomic mass of Fe = 56 u

Then, gram atomic mass of Na = 23 g

Now, 23 g of Na contains = 6.022 x 10²³ g number of atoms

Thus, 100 g of Na contains = 6.022 x 10²³ / (23 x 100 number of atoms)

 100 g of Na contains = 2.6182 x 10²⁴ number of atoms

Then, gram atomic mass of Fe = 56 g

Now, 56 g of Fe contains = 6.022 x 10²³ g number of atoms

Thus, 100 g of Fe contains = 6.022 x 10²³ / (56 x 100 number of atoms)

100 g of Fe contains = 1.0753 x 10²⁴ number of atoms

Therefore, 100 grams of sodium contains more number of atoms than 100 grams of iron.

गांधीजी ने धनी को न जाने के लिए कैसे मनाया?

• क्या तुम गांधीजी के तर्क से सहमत हो? क्यों?

उत्तर:
गाँधीजी ने धनी से कहा कि वह उनके लिए बिन्नी की देखभाल करे जिससे कि दांडी से लौटकर आने के बाद वह उसका खूब सारा दूध पीकर ताकतवर महसूस करें। धनी को गाँधीजी की यह बात बिल्कुल हुँच गई और वह रुक गया।
हाँ, मैं गांधीजी के तर्क से सहमत हूँ। आश्रम के सभी लोगों को कोई न कोई काम करना होता था। धनी बिन्नी की देखभाल करने के लिए आश्रम में रह गया। बिन्नी की देखभाल करना भी एक काम था।

तुम्हारी समझ से
कभी-कभी ज़िद्दी बन करके
बाढ़ नदी-नालों में लाते

(क) बादल नदी-नालों में बाढ़ कैसे लाते होंगे?
उत्तर:
बादल अत्यधिक वर्षा बरसाकर नदी-नालों में बाढ़ लाते होंगे।
नहीं किसी की सुनते कुछ भी ।
ढोलक-ढोल बजाते बादल

(ख) बादल ढोल कैसे बजाते होंगे?
उत्तर:
बादल आपस में टकराकर गर्जना करते हैं। उनकी यह गर्जना सुनकर ऐसा लगता है जैसे वे ढोल बजा रहे हैं।
कुछ तो लगते हैं तूफ़ानी
कुछ रह-रह करते शैतानी

 It is divided into five volumes. The first volume deals with the family of the emperor. The second gives details about the imperial servants, the military and the civil apparatus. The third volume elaborates on the administrative structure of the Mughal empire. It lists out and explains all the regulations prescribed for the judicial and executive departments and divisions of the empire. The fourth volume delas with Hindu philosophy, social customs, literature and science. Lastly, the fifth book contains the wise saying uttered by Emperor Akbar. It also gives details about the ancestry and biography of the author of ‘Ain-i-Akbari’.

Development

Two major factors contributed greatly to the development of Rajasthani Paintings. First, the economic prosperity enjoyed by the commercial community of Rajasthan. Second, the revival of Vaishnavism and the growth of Bhakti cult. In the 14th century the influence of poets and writers like Ramanuja , the worshipper of Lord Vishnu and Jaydev,the worshipper of Lord Krishna brought about great changes in the art, literature and spiritual awakening of the people all over India. The appearance of Sri Chaitanya and Meerabai and their total devotion and love for Lord Krishna swept over the whole of India. Rajasthani and Pahari paintings were greatly influenced by the advent (arrival) of Ramananda, Tulsidas, Kabir. lt resulted in the expansion of the imaginative horizon of the artists and in the inclusion of subjects related to Sri Ramcharit, Geet-Govida, Hara- Parvati, ancient tales, live of saints, Baramasa or the monthly festivities of the year and Rag-Raginis based on Indian classical music. Scenes from the Ramayana and Mahabharata, works belonging to the Krishna cult of the Geet-Govinda (written by the Bengali court-poet Jaydeva in 12th century), Bhagvat Puran, the works of Surdas, Keshavdas and Beharilal was a favourite subject-matter for Rajasthani painters because it deals exclusively with the romantic exploits of Radha and Krishna in a pastoral settings. The prepondering theme in these illustrations is love in all its form (treated in variety of ways), as in Nayak -Nayika Bheda" (classification of heros-heroins), Folk-lore and ballads (biraha, type of lok geet) like Dhola-Maru, Sohni-Mahinwal, Laur-Chand, (a papular north Indian biraha by Daut Maulana). Sanskrit classics like Kadambari by Banbhatta, Rasikpriya, Ramchandrika and love episode of Chaut-Panchasika, Nala-Damayanti were illustrated. 2 | P a g e These are the illustration of genre (variety) type paintings in Rajasthani Schools. All these changes in the approach to Rajasthani painting were direct result of the 14th century cultural renaissance that swept the whole Central and North-Western India. The special style of the Rajasthani paintings shows a primitive vigour, bold outlines and brilliant colours set in a harmonious pattern. Regional features in the depiction of facial types, local scenery and technical details can be found in different sub-schools. Rajasthani painting, like Indian literature, is a symbolic expression of a multiple aesthetic sentiments of lndian life, its nature and daily activities and sudden flashes of emotional thought is a unique feature of Rajasthani painting. The use of different colours to express different thought is very clear in this style. The artists reveal an unusual understanding of colour harmony. Colours carry for them distinct meaning as red depicts warm, emotion and fury, yellow the marvelous, brown the erotic. Colours are also used to represent specific musical modes which constitute a special feature of Indian Art in the Ragamala paintings. There is a special position in the series of Ragamala painting; bright colours and bold outlines are its salient feature. Paintings are left to the imagination and emotion of the viewers for interpretation. They are economical in choosing the subject-matters, but very expressive. These paintings are two-dimensional with simplification of lines and flat colour schemes with presentation of all figures in same dimension in complete disregard of perspective. The use of bright red, blue, yellow and green colours gave it a contrasting brilliance. In this style generally, when the artists painted the figure of a woman, the same figure would be duplicated for other woman in the painting as symbol of all femininity. All would have large lotus eyes, flowing tresses (curls), firm breasts, slender (slim) waists and rosy hands. Soon after Rajasthani painting was accepted as an established school of painting, it must have in close contact with Mughal School of painting and contact with Mughal court was inevitable. But it is an established fact that at no time the proud Rajput would yield in spirit to foreign masters. The nomenclature Rajasthani painting is not given to any rootless set of painting that grew indigenously at any one place, but is a concerted effort by group of master painters to develop this new type of painting where Western Indian painting, Jain Manuscript painting and Gujarat style were fused together to give rise to this new genre of painting. The centre where these activities and experiments were carrier through was Mewar which was least affected by series of Mughal attack and painters were left in peace to develop their own style.

The ‘Ain-i-Akbari’ was written by Abul Fazal, the minister and one of the nine jewels of Akbar’s court. It is one of the most important source materials on the administration and culture during the reign of Akbar. It is divided into five volumes. The first volume deals with the family of the emperor. The second gives details about the imperial servants, the military and the civil apparatus. The third volume elaborates on the administrative structure of the Mughal empire. It lists out and explains all the regulations prescribed for the judicial and executive departments and divisions of the empire. The fourth volume delas with Hindu philosophy, social customs, literature and science. Lastly, the fifth book contains the wise saying uttered by Emperor Akbar. It also gives details about the ancestry and biography of the author of ‘Ain-i-Akbari’.

Double fertilization : It occurs when one male nucleus fertilizes (fuses) with egg cell to form zygote cell and other male nucleus fuses (fertilizes) with two polar nuclei to cause triple fusion. As these two types of fertilizations take place at the same time in the ovule of the plant, it is known as double fertilization.

The Central government in India made a law for the Right to work in 200 districts of India is called National Rural Development Guarantee Act 2005 (NREGA, 2005). It is also known as Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Development Guarantee Act 2005 is an Indian labour law and social security measures that guarantees work. People who are able to and are in need of work are guaranteed 100 days of employment in a year by the government under this Act and the government give unemployment allowances to the people, if they fails to provide employment.

Integration of markets is the process of selling goods and services beyond the domestic markets and create an international market for products. This allow producers to expand their business and compete with other producers of the World , in other markets

Physical properties of Phenols

•    Phenols are colourless liquids or crystalline solids but become coloured due to slow oxidation with air.

•    Due to the presence of strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding, phenols have a higher boiling point than the corresponding hydrocarbon or aryl halides.

•    Due to their ability to form hydrogen bonds with water, phenols are moderately soluble in H₂O.

•   The phenols are acidic in nature and stronger acids than alcohols. This is due to the fact that the sp² hybridised carbon of phenol to which −OH is attached, is highly electronegative which causes a decrease in electron density on oxygen. This Increases the polarity of O−H bond and results in an increase in ionisatlon of phenols than that of alcohols.

Moreover, the phenoxide ion so produced is stabilised by the delocalization of charge in phenol.

Note:  The presence of electron withdrawing group like NO² group, increases the acidic strength whereas the electron donating groups  like an alkyl group decreases the acidic strength. Therefore, the acidic strength order is

Dispersal of seed takes place by various means such as wind, water, insects, animals and birds. The seeds dispersed by wind are light and smaller in size. So, that it may be carried by wind easily. The water dispersed seeds are generally floating in nature.

इंग्लैंड में, पैनी चैपबुक छोटे  फेरीवाले को 'चैपमेन' के नाम से जाना जाता था और एक पैसे में बेचा जाता था, ताकि गरीब भी उन्हें खरीद सकें। फ्रांस में 'बिलीओथेकेने ब्लीन' थे, जो खराब गुणवत्ता वाले कागज पर छपी कम कीमत वाली छोटी किताबें थीं और सस्ते नीले कवर में बंधी थीं, जिन्हें पेडलर्स द्वारा भी बेचा जाता था।