The developments and significance:

1. Timeline : For several million years, humans lived by hunting wild animals and gathering wild plants. Then, between 10,000 and 4,500 years ago, people in different parts of the world learnt to domesticate certain plants and animals. This led to the development of farming and pastoralism as a way of life. The shift from foraging to farming was a major turning point in human history.

2. The last ice age came to an end about 13,000 years ago and with that warmer, wetter conditions prevailed. As a result, conditions were favourable for the growth of grasses such as wild barley and wheat. At the same time, as open forests and grasslands expanded, the population of certain animal species such as wild sheep, goat, cattle, pig and donkey increased.

What we find is that human societies began to gradually prefer areas that had an abundance of wild grasses and animals. Now relatively large, permanent communities occupied such areas for most parts of the year.

With some areas being clearly preferred, a pressure may have built up to increase the food supply. This may have triggered the process of domestication of certain plants and animals. It is likely that a combination of factors which included climatic change, population pressure, a greater reliance on and knowledge of a few species of plants (such as wheat, barley, rice and millet) and animals (such as sheep, goat, cattle, donkey and pig) played a role in this transformation.

3. One such area where farming and pastoralism began around 10,000 years ago was the Fertile Crescent, extending from the Mediterranean coast to the Zagros mountains in Iran.

With the introduction of agriculture, more people began to stay in one place for even longer periods than they had done before.

Thus permanent houses began to be built of mud, mud bricks and even stone. These are some of the earliest villages known to archaeologists.

4. Farming and pastoralism led to the introduction of many other changes such as the making of pots in which to  store  graingand other produce, and to cook food.

Besides, new kinds of stone tools came into use. Other new tools such as the plough were used in agriculture. Gradually, people became familiar with metals such as copper and tin. The wheel, important for both pot making and transportation, came into use.

5. About 5,000 years ago, even larger concentrations of people began to live together in cities.

Amanda dwelt in a huge world of imagination to dodge her mother’s nagging because it was getting too much for small girl like her. Every time she gets an instruction, she would just imagine for a freedom.

When she was scolded for chewing ip her nails, Amanda would long to become a mermaid and drift swiftly in a languid sea. She whished if she were an orphan roaming and making pattern bare feet in the street when her mother would ask her to tidy up her room and do the homework. She faces a rage for eating chocolates and she fascinate herself to be the Rapunzel living in a tall tower in her complete lonliness. All day long her mother fret over her casualness and ignorant behaviour. Opposite to this parents should deal their children delicately and allow them to imagine. After all imaginations only have led us to moon and where not. Amanda was positive girl but was confined.

Some technologies that have become obsolete and have been replaced by new ones are

Electrons are said to carry negative charge, while protons are said to carry positive charge, although these labels are completely arbitrary. The charge of the electron is equivalent to the magnitude of the elementary charge (e) but bearing a negative sign.  Since the value of the elementary charge is roughly 1.602 x 10-19 coulombs (C), then the charge of the electron is -1.602 x 10-19 C. When expressed in atomic units, the elementary charge takes the value of unity; i.e., e = 1. Thus, the electron's charge can be denoted by -e.

A n s w e r 
Five Yamas have been outlend in ashtanga yoga
There are five Yamas are: Ahimsa (non-violence), Satya (truthfulness), Asteya (non-stealing), Brahmacharya (right use of energy), and Aparigraha (non-greed or non-hoarding).

People started using earthen pots for cooking food such as rice, wheat and lentils, as these had become an important part of the diet.

However, these pots were also decorated and were used for storing things.

Food vacuoles

Food vacuoles of amoeba are fluid filled membrane bound structures present inside the cytoplasm of the cell. Amoeba grabs the food particle by the help of pseudopodia and takes it inside the food vacuole. The fluid inside vacuole contains several enzymes that digest the food and digested parts are absorbed into the cytoplasm. Undigested waste parts are thrown out of the cell.

Amoeba digests its food in the food vacuole.

Ingestion

• Ingestion is the consumption of a substance by an organism.
•  In animals, it normally accomplished by taking in the substance through the mouth into the gastrointestinal tract, such as through eating or drinking. 
• In single-celled organisms, ingestion can take place by taking the substance through the cell membrane. Hence, The process of taking in food from the environment is called ingestion.

The process of consumption of food into body is called ingestion. The process of elimination of undigested food out of the body is called egestion.

Parents should choose the career of a child.

- Desire of parents – Every child should be more grateful to his parents in this world. Parents are the ones who suffer a lot of difficulties and bring up their kids so that they can live a healthy and happier life. It is the desire of every parents to see their children well settled in their life and thus, they have the right to choose a better career for their kids.

- Reduces the pressure on children – Thinking of making a suitable career takes on a serious note mostly during the exam times. Children should leave the choice of their career on their parents and must focus on the on-going exams. They should not be under pressure in any ways.

- Maturity – Children may sometimes land up in taking wrong decisions about their career. Even if parents do not make their career choice, they can at least guide their kids to take a good decision. Parents are the burning candle in the life of a student.

- Support – Parents provide an immense support to their kids by guiding and choosing them a right career path. No parents would like to spoil their child's future by taking a wrong decision.

- Experience – We should always remember that parents are much more experienced than the children. They have seen the world better than their kids and thus, their decision would be better and correct.

Children should choose their own career

- Right to choose – Every child has the right to choose their own career and they have the right to live their dreams.

- Knows himself better – A child can only know his interests and abilities better than anyone else. He knows his subjects and areas of interest and thus, can decide his career path easily.

- Interesting – If children choose a career according to the wishes of their parents, they will have a boring academic life as they would face a lack of interest. College life is the best phase of a student's life. To enjoy this phase and make it more interesting, a child should choose his/her own career path.

- Facing pressure – If you follow a career path chosen by your parents and which is not of your interest, you will have to face a lot of challenges and pressure. To avoid such situations, choose a career which interests you the most.

Conclusion

Parents like their kids, might also have had some dream in their teen age. Most of the parents fail to achieve their dreams due to family or financial issues. In such cases, parents force their kids to adopt their dreams. They try to see themselves in their kids.

Admission time is near the corner and it is a crucial period in the life of most of the students. It is always better that parents and children should should decide together on the career they would pursue. The children can get the information about the latest trends while the parents can get their practial experience to the table to make a decision.

Carbondioxide

Parents should choose the career of a child.

- Desire of parents – Every child should be more grateful to his parents in this world. Parents are the ones who suffer a lot of difficulties and bring up their kids so that they can live a healthy and happier life. It is the desire of every parents to see their children well settled in their life and thus, they have the right to choose a better career for their kids.

- Reduces the pressure on children – Thinking of making a suitable career takes on a serious note mostly during the exam times. Children should leave the choice of their career on their parents and must focus on the on-going exams. They should not be under pressure in any ways.

- Maturity – Children may sometimes land up in taking wrong decisions about their career. Even if parents do not make their career choice, they can at least guide their kids to take a good decision. Parents are the burning candle in the life of a student.

- Support – Parents provide an immense support to their kids by guiding and choosing them a right career path. No parents would like to spoil their child's future by taking a wrong decision.

- Experience – We should always remember that parents are much more experienced than the children. They have seen the world better than their kids and thus, their decision would be better and correct.

Children should choose their own career

- Right to choose – Every child has the right to choose their own career and they have the right to live their dreams.

- Knows himself better – A child can only know his interests and abilities better than anyone else. He knows his subjects and areas of interest and thus, can decide his career path easily.

- Interesting – If children choose a career according to the wishes of their parents, they will have a boring academic life as they would face a lack of interest. College life is the best phase of a student's life. To enjoy this phase and make it more interesting, a child should choose his/her own career path.

- Facing pressure – If you follow a career path chosen by your parents and which is not of your interest, you will have to face a lot of challenges and pressure. To avoid such situations, choose a career which interests you the most.

Conclusion

Parents like their kids, might also have had some dream in their teen age. Most of the parents fail to achieve their dreams due to family or financial issues. In such cases, parents force their kids to adopt their dreams. They try to see themselves in their kids.

Admission time is near the corner and it is a crucial period in the life of most of the students. It is always better that parents and children should should decide together on the career they would pursue. The children can get the information about the latest trends while the parents can get their practial experience to the table to make a decision.

Oxygen gas is produced during photosynthesis which is utilised by all the living organisms for their survival.

autotrophs

Plants are the only organisms that can prepare food for themselves by using water, carbon dioxide and minerals. The raw materials are present in their surroundings. The nutrients enable living organisms to build their bodies, to grow, to repair damaged parts of their bodies and provide the energy to carry out life processes. Nutrition is the mode of taking food by an organism and its utilisation by the body. The mode of nutrition in which organisms make food themselves from simple substances is called autotrophic (auto = self; trophos = nourishment) nutrition. Therefore, plants are called autotrophs. 

रोम साम्राज्य में महिलाओं की स्थिति:-
 (I) रोमन समाज में एकल परिवार को व्यापक चलन था ।
(2) पत्नी अपनी संपत्ति अपने पति को हस्तांतरित नहीं किया करती थी किंतु अपने पैतृक परिवार से पूरे अधिकार बनाए रखती थी । महिला का दहेज वैवाहिक अवधि के दौरान उसके पति के पास चला जाता था ।
(3) महिला अपने पिता की मुख्य उत्तराधिकारी बनी रहती थी    । पिता की मृत्यु होने पर उसकी संपत्ति की स्वतंत्र मालिक बन जाती थी । रोम की महिलाओं को संपत्ति के व्यापक अधिकार प्राप्त थे।
(4) तलाक देना अपेक्षाकृत सरल था । पति पत्नी को विवाद की सूचना देना ही पर्याप्त था । लड़कियों की शादी 16 - 18 तथा 22 से 30 वर्ष की आयु में की जाती थी ।
(5) विवाह प्राय बातचीत के द्वारा तय होते थे । महिलाओं पर उनके पति अक्सर नियंत्रण रखते थे ।

<i>रोम साम्राज्य में महिलाओं की स्थिति:-</i>
<i> (I) रोमन समाज में एकल परिवार को व्यापक चलन था ।
(2) पत्नी अपनी संपत्ति अपने पति को हस्तांतरित नहीं किया करती थी किंतु अपने पैतृक परिवार से पूरे अधिकार बनाए रखती थी । महिला का दहेज वैवाहिक अवधि के दौरान उसके पति के पास चला जाता था ।
(3) महिला अपने पिता की मुख्य उत्तराधिकारी बनी रहती थी    । पिता की मृत्यु होने पर उसकी संपत्ति की स्वतंत्र मालिक बन जाती थी । रोम की महिलाओं को संपत्ति के व्यापक अधिकार प्राप्त थे।
(4) तलाक देना अपेक्षाकृत सरल था । पति पत्नी को विवाद की सूचना देना ही पर्याप्त था । लड़कियों की शादी 16 - 18 तथा 22 से 30 वर्ष की आयु में की जाती थी ।
(5) विवाह प्राय बातचीत के द्वारा तय होते थे । महिलाओं पर उनके पति अक्सर नियंत्रण रखते थे ।</i>

Chlorophyll containing partner is algae in lichen.

 In organisms called lichens, a chlorophyll containing partner which is an alga, and a fungus live together. The fungus provides shelter, water and minerals to the alga and in return the alga provides food which is prepared by it in the process of photosynthesis.

pseudopodia

 Amoeba envelops its food through the process of endocytosis or phagocytosis, where pseudopodia is created by flexibility of the plasma membrane. The pseudopodia is the temporary arm-like projection in amoeba that helps collect the nutrition, alter its size and shape and acts as an organ of locomotion.

A n s w e r 
A database is a collection of information related to a particular subject such as maintaining addresses and phone numbers, a list of library books etc.

Answer:
Turks were the nomadic tribes of central Asia. They were skilled warriors and horse riders. They joined Abbasid, Samand and Buyid administration as slaves and soldiers. They were raised to the high position on account of their loyalty and military skill.