1. Arab's Contribution in the Field of Science :

(i) The Arabs produced great physicians like Al-Razi and Ibn-Sina who respectively discovered the true nature of smallpox and tuberculosis. They organised hospitals, for the treatment of the infectious diseases.

ii). In Mathematics the Arabs spread the knowledge of numbers and trigonometry in the other regions of the world Omar-Khayyam a great Mathematicians of Arab devised a calendar which is more accurate than the present Christian Calendar.

iii). The Arab astronomers believed that the earth revolves round the sun.

iv). In Chemistry, the Arbs discovered many new compounds like sodium carbonate, silver nitrate, Nitric and sulphuric acids.

2. Arab's Contribution in the Field of Culture :

i). In literature, the Arab classic "The Arabian Nights" a collection of 1001 stories "Rubaiyat" by Omar Khayyam, "Shahnama" by Al-Firdausi are famous all over the world.

ii). The buildings of the Arabs and bulb like domes, small minarets, horse shoe arches and twisted columns.

3. Arab's Contribution in other Fields :

i). The Arabs propounded the ideal of equality and brotherhood.

ii). Arab carpets, leather work, metal work, beautiful, swords and enamelled glass.

Money given to son= 1/4=1/4 of 982.30
= 1/4 × 982.30
= 245.575
Money given to wife=1/2 of 982.30
= 1/2 × 982.30
= 491.15
Money with him = total money-(money given to son+money given to wife)
= 982.30 - (245.575 + 491.15)
= 982.30 - 736.725
= 245.575
Money left with him is 245.575

The greedy seller was dishonest. When he knew that the bowl of the poor woman was made of gold, he wanted to take the bowl for nothing. He pretended that it was useless and threw it on the ground scornfully. He left the house in anger.  Next day Serivan passed the same house. The old woman and the girl called Serivan in and told him to exchange the bowl. Taking the bowl in his hand Serivan said that it was made of gold. He had not so much money on him to exchange. But the woman asked Serivan to take the bowl and give them anything he wished. Serivan gave them five hundred silver coins and all his pots. Thus Serivan was different from the greedy seller.

The basic approach was the development of high-yielding varieties of cereal grains, expansion of irrigation infrastructure, modernization of management techniques, distribution of hybridized seeds, synthetic fertilizers, and pesticides to farmers. The idea was to never depend on any other country for food sufficiency. So in 1965, the government with the help of Indian geneticists M.S. Swaminathan, known as the father of Green Revolution, launched the Green Revolution.

India also has approximately 90,000 species of animals, as well as, a rich variety of fish in its fresh and marine waters. Natural vegetation refers to a plant community, which has grown naturally without human aid and has been left undisturbed by humans for a long time. In the same way, even animals differ from each other depending upon their habitat and other natural factors surrounding them. They have basically adapted to their natural environment around them, so they can survive. This is basically what we mean by natural Vegetation and wildlife in India.

A web application is a computer program that utilizes web browsers and web technology to perform tasks over the Internet. A web application is application software that runs on a web server, unlike computer-based software programs that are run locally on the Operating System of the device. Web applications are accessed by the user through a web browser with an active internet connection.

The Non-cooperation movement was launched on 5th September, 1920 by Mahatma Gandhi with the aim of self-governance and obtaining full independence as the Indian National Congress (INC) withdrew its support for British reforms following the Rowlatt Act of 21 March 1919, and the Jallianwala Bagh massacre of 13 April 1919.

Decrease in percentage=(original count−new count​)/original count ×100

Decrease in percentage= (150−100)/ 150 ​×100 = 50/ 150​ ×100 = 100/3 =33.3%

Accounting can be defined as a process of reporting, recording, interpreting and summarising economic data. ... Economic Events- It is a consequence of a company has to undergo when the number of monetary transactions is involved.

Accounting is the art of recording, classifying, summarizing in a significant manner, transactions and events which are of financial character, and interpreting the results thereof.

Branches of Accounting: 
 There are basically 3 branches of accounting:

FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING - deals with the recording of financial transactions, events, summarising and interpreting them & in the end communicating them to the interested parties. Its role is confined to preparation of financial statements i.e: Profit/Loss Account and Balance Sheets.
COST ACCOUNTING -   deals with the ascertainment of cost of the manufactured products or services rendered and helps the management in Decision Making & exercising control.
MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING - deals with preparation of management reports and accounts that give accurate and timely financial and statistical information required by managers to make day - to - day and short-term decisions.

Chris Watson (1867–1941)was third prime minister of Australia.

Population growth is the increase in the number of people living in a particular area. Since populations can grow exponentially, resource depletion can occur rapidly, leading to specific environmental concerns such as global warming, deforestation and decreasing biodiversity. In general, population growth plays a key role in environmental sustainability. It can lead to the deforestation, water pollution, and air pollution. These have a negative effect on the environment and also impact human daily lives. Governments and agencies must now mitigate how and where they will use resources.

The earth's four principal biological systems namely, fisheries, forests, grasslands and croplands are the foundation of the global economic system. In addition to supplying food, these systems provide virtually all the raw materials for industry except minerals and petroleum-derived synthetics.

Man has entertained many false illusions. He considers himself to be the lord of this world. His arrogance and misdeeds have caused untold havoc and destruction. He considers that he has a freehold on this earth. He can indulge himself in plundering of natural wealth and resources at will. The protein-conscious and hungry world has ruined fishing. Forests are disappearing at the rate of an acre and a half every second. Grasslands and croplands are being converted into wastelands and deserts. Man is the most dangerous animal of the world who has made this earth an ailing planet.
We should remember that we are not the masters but only the trustees of this planet. We owe a duty to leave this earth in good health and good shape to the coming generations. As Margaret Thatcher says we have only a life tenancy and not the ownership. Nor have we inherited this world from our forefathers. We have borrowed it from our children. At all costs we have to maintain a sustainable development. We must meet our present needs without harming the interests and needs of the coming generations.

This world can’t be studied in isolation. The mechanical view of the world gives a distorted picture. We need to develop a holistic view of the world. It is a comprehensive view of the world with all its natural resources and species. Human beings are just a part of it. Like a human body this earth is a living organism. It has its own metabolism. We should not destroy this natural growth and functioning of the world.

A holistic and ecological view – It refers to the view that calls for the preservation of the planet. The holistic and ecological view refers to understanding the importance of earth's resources and environment for the future generations. The ecological design perspective is about how the system or product works within its external environment. It is about how the system or product is used in its context and how the system or product interacts or communicates with its environment in the process.

The signs of the earth connected with life necessary for staying alive show that the earth is a patient in declining health. Its deserts are advancing, landscapes are being impoverished and environment is ailing. Aerial photography using satellites has revealed that the environment has deteriorated very badly in many parts of the world. In fact, it has became critical in many of the eighty eight countries investigated. The concept of sustainable development and green movement can help the ailing planet to survive. People must discharge their moral responsibility as stewards of the planet and trustees of the legacy of the future generations. The plundering of the natural resources should be controlled. These must be preserved for the future generations.

Certainly, man has been the most dangerous animal that ever lived on this earth.
He has swallowed fisheries, forest, grasslands and croplands. The notice at a cage in the zoo at lusaka reads the world's most dangerous animal.
Inside the case there is no animal but only a mirror where you can see yourself.
The mirror reflects the image of the real villain . He is none else than the man himself.

Role of industry in the new era of responsibility: Industry is the main source of environmental pollution. In the new era of responsibility, the industrialists must become conscious of their responsibility towards environment. They should remain environmental friendly even when they exist as leading manufacturers.

The total forest area is 4.06 billion hectares, or approximately 5 000m2 (or 50 x 100m) per person, but forests are not equally distributed around the globe. Half of the forests that originally covered 48 percent of the Earth's land surface are gone. Only one-fifth of the Earth's original forests remain pristine and undisturbed. In North America, more than half of the coastal temperate rainforests, once extending from California to Alaska, have been destroyed.