Which of the following is not an element of delegation?(a) Accountability(b) Authority(c) Responsibility(d) Informal organisation

Answer:Informal Organisation

Explanation: Informal Organisation is not an element of delegation.

Delegation means designating or transferring of authority to subordinates or another person. For example assigning of work by a manager to a subordinate to execute certain activities. It is the most important concept of management leadership.

The person who assigns the work is held accountable for the result of the delegated work. Delegation provides decisions making power to the subordinate . For example shifting of authority for making decision from one level to a lower one in the organisation.

Delegation  has three major elements such as authority, accountability and responsibility .

The term informal organisation means relationship which arises in an organisation because of informal communication among the employees . These are informal communication in nature. Unlike delegation it does not  involve any formal communication.

- Ballot paper.
* It is a process of manual voting.
* There are higher chances of cheating.
* It is harder to count.
* More mistakes occur.

- EVM.
* It is a process of electronic voting.
* There are lower chances of cheating.
* It is easier to count since it is done electronically.
* Chances of mistakes are less.

Rumors and prophesies played a part in moving people to action:

(i) They told that bullets coated with the fat of cows & pigs and that biting those bullets would corrupt their caste and religion. They were referring to the cartridges of the Enfield rifles which had just been given to them.

(ii) The rumours said, the British had mixed the bone dust of cows and pigs into the flour that was sold in the market. In towns and cantontments, sepoys and the common people refused to touch the atta.

(iii) There was fear and suspicion that the British wanted to convert Indians to Christianity.

(iv) The response to the call for action was reinforced by the prophecy that British rule would come to an end on the centenary of the Battle of Plassey, on 23 June 1857.

Rabbits were introduced to Australia with the arrival of the First Fleet in 1788. A population of 24 rabbits released near Geelong in 1859 to be hunted for sport. Within 50 years rabbits had spread throughout the most of the continent with devastating impact on indigenous flora and fauna.

A n s w e r : The smallest 4 digit number is 1000
The Prime factorization of 1000 is given below

2| 1000

2| 500

2| 250

5|125

5| 25

5| 5

The inner core, the outer core, mantle and crust are the four layers of earth

The Inner Core

It is the centre and the hottest layer of the Earth. The inner core is solid and made up of iron and nickel with temperature up to 5,500^oC. Due to its immense <a href="https://byjus.com/physics/heat-energy/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">heat energy</a>, the inner core is more like the engine room of the Earth.

The Outer Core

The outer core of the Earth is similar to a very hot ball of metals, whose temperature is around 4000 ^oF to 9000⁰F. It is so hot that the metals inside are all in the liquid state. The outer core is located around 1800 miles under the crust and approximately 1400 miles thick. It is composed of metals such as iron and nickel. The outer core surrounds the inner core.

The inner core has pressures and temperatures so high that the metals are squeezed together and not able to move like a liquid, but are forced to vibrate instead of solid.

Mantle

Mantle is the widest section of the Earth. Its thickness is approximately 2,900 km. The mantle is mainly made up of semi-molten rock known as magma. The rock is hard in the upper part of the mantle, but lower down the rock is softer and begins to melt.

The mantle is located directly under the Sima. The mantle consists of very hot and dense rock. This layer of rock flows like asphalt under heavy weight. This flow is because of the greatest temperature differences from the bottom to the top of the mantle. The reason behind the plates of the Earth move is the movement of the mantle. Its temperature varies between 1600 oF at the upper part to 4000 oF near the bottom.

Crust

The crust is the outer layer where we live. The thickness is around 0-60 km. It’s a solid rock layer divided into two types:

1. Continental crust covers the land and,
2. Oceanic crust covers water

The crust is the most widely studied and understood. Mantle is hotter and capable of flowing. The outer and inner core are much hotter with great pressures that you can be squeezed into a ball smaller than a marble if you are able to go in the center of the Earth.

France

On August 16, 1962
Fifteen years after India gained independence, this small French colony was liberated on August 16, 1962 when Pondicherry was officially merged with the Indian Union. Thus the union territory celebrates Independence Day on both August 15 and 16.

The United States has only two major political parties: the Democrats and the Republicans.

, America is a multi-party system. The Democratic Party and the Republican Party are the most powerful. Yet other parties, such as the Reform, Libertarian, Socialist, Natural Law, Constitution, and Green Parties can promote candidates in a presidential election.

Apollo 11 was the spaceflight that first landed humans on the Moon

Apollo 11 was the first manned mission to land on the Moon. The first steps by humans on another planetary body were taken by Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin on July 20, 1969. The astronauts also returned to Earth the first samples from another planetary body.

Sportsmanship can be defined as a fair and generous behaviour or treatment of others, especially in a sporting contest. In general, sportsmanship refers to virtues such as fairness, self-control, courage, persistence, maintaining self-control when dealing with others, and respect for both - the concerned authorities and the opponents. 

Where are the options?

• Management is the process of getting a task done with the aim of achieving the goals of the organization in an effective and efficient manner. The term effective means completing the given task and efficient means completing the task with minimum cost and time.

• Ashita was effective because she completed her task within time but not efficient as they had to bear a high-cost of Rs 55000.

• Lakshmi was neither effective or efficient as she did not complete her task on time.

Andromeda
Four billion years from now, our galaxy, the Milky Way, will collide with our large spiraled neighbor, Andromeda. The galaxies as we know them will not survive. In fact, our solar system is going to outlive our galaxy.

The narrator told her that they were in the playground and were walking towards the house. Miss Beam was walking up and down the garden with a tall girl.The little girl called the narrator and asked what dress that tall girl was wearing? He explained to her the details of the dress: a blue cotton skirt and a pink blouse.She further enquired the colour of her hair. And knowing the the light colour of her  hair, she guessed her to be Millie- the Head Girl.The narrator told her that an old man was tying up roses.She responded that he was Peter - a 100 years old gardener. Then a girl with curly red hair on crutches crossed, she told that she was Anita. The narrator realized that he became more thoughtful and sensitive towards the issues of disability and did not want to leave the place, but he had to go. Miss Beam proudly said that the system of her school was so special and unique that the visitors also feel so.