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Posted by Ishika Paswan 3 years, 1 month ago (13690006)
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Posted by Nidhi Gurjar 3 years ago (13408338)
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Preeti Dabral 3 years ago (2983787)
- Population growth from the late eighteenth century had increased the demand for food grains in Britain.
- As urban centres expanded and industry grew, the demand for agricultural products went up, pushing up food grain prices.
- Due to pressure from land groups, the government restricted the import of Corn by enacting Corn-laws.
Posted by Udip Rava 3 years ago (13700563)
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Preeti Dabral 3 years ago (2983787)
Just as over fishing affects fisheries, our grasslands are being destroyed for wood and for commercial purposes such as land to hold our ever growing population. Some grasslands are even being torn down to create croplands and farmlands. With each successive harvest, we reduce the fertility of the soil and the lands deteriorate, hence turning into barren waste lands.
Posted by Yash Karhana 3 years, 1 month ago (13699252)
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Posted by Kimaya Patil 2 years, 9 months ago (13686502)
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Kimaya Patil 3 years, 1 month ago (13686502)
Posted by Sneha Raj 3 years ago (13251939)
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Preeti Dabral 3 years ago (2983787)
FIRST METHOD. NO ENTRY IS PASSED FOR DEBENTURES
Journal
| Date | Particulars | L.F. | Debit (Rs.) | Credit (Rs.) |
| 2012 1st April |
Bank A/c Dr. To Canara Bank’s loan A/c |
4,00,000 | ... | |
| (Loan has taken from the bank against collateral security of debentures worth Rs.5 Lakhs) | .... | 4,00,000 |
Balance Sheet of X Ltd.
As at 1st April, 2012
| Particulars | Notes No. | (Rs.) |
| Equity And Liabilities | ... | |
| 3. Non-Current Liabilities | ... | |
| (a) Long-term Borrowing | 1 | 16,00,000 |
| Notes to Balance Sheet | ... |
| Note No. 1 | (Rs.) |
| Long-Term Borrowings: | ... |
| 11% Debentures | 12,00,000 |
| Bank Loan (Against Collateral Security of Debentures Rs. 5,00,000) | 4,00,000 |
| .Total | 16,00,000 |
Second Method. Entry for issue of Debentures is passed.
Journal
| Date | Particulars | L.F. | Debit (Rs.) | Credit (Rs.) |
| 2012, April 1 | Bank A/c Dr. | 4,00,000 | ... | |
| To Canara Bank’s Loan A/c | ... | 4,00,000 | ||
| (Loan Taken from bank) | ... | ... | ||
| Debentures Suspense A/c Dr. | 5,00,000 | ... | ||
| To 11% Debentures A/c | ... | 5,00,000 | ||
| (Issue of Rs. 5,00,000 Debentures issued as collateral Securities) | ... | ... |
Presentation of Debentures and Bank Loan will remain same as explained Balance Sheet Under 1st Method, however, presentation of information in note will differ.
Balance Sheet of X Ltd.
As at 31st March, 2013 (ASSUMED)
| Particulars | Notes No. | (Rs.) |
| 1. Equity and Liabilities | ... | |
| 2. Non-Current Liabilities | ... | |
| (a) Long-term Borrowings | 1 | 16,00,000 |
IInd Method
Notes to Balance Sheet
| Particulars | (Rs.) | (Rs.) |
| Note No. 1 | ... | ... |
| Other Long-term Borrowings: | ... | ... |
| 11% Debentures (12,00,000 + 5,00,000) | 17,00,000 | ... |
| Less: Debentures Suspense A/c | 5,00,000 | 12,00,000 |
| Bank Loan (Against Collateral Security of Debentures of Rs. 5,00,000) | ... | 4,00,000 |
| Total | ... | 16,00,000 |
*When the loan is paid to the lender, the above entry is cancelled by passing a reverse entry.
* If the company fails to pay the loan along with interest in time,the lender may recover the dues from the sale of primary security or by seeking redemption of collateral security, i.e., debentures. When the loan is paid back, the debentures issued as collateral security are returned to the company.These debentures do not carry any right till the time loan is being repaid along with due interest and the lender has not demanded the loan to be repaid.
Posted by Abhishek Gavit 3 years, 1 month ago (13680971)
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Posted by Keshav Mishra 3 years, 1 month ago (13700395)
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Anjan Karthi 3 years ago (11411264)
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Aayushi Kumari 2 years, 11 months ago (13715084)
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