Matrices Class 12 Notes Mathematics

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Matrices Class 12 Notes Mathematics

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CSBE Class 12 Mathematics Chapter 3 Matrices

• A matrix is an ordered rectangular array of numbers, real or complex or functions.
• A matrix having m rows and n columns is called a matrix of order m × n.
• Column matrix: A matrix with one column is denoted by .
• Row matrix: A matrix with one row is denoted by .
• Square matrix: An m × n matrix is a square matrix if m = n.
• Diagonal matrix: A =  is a diagonal matrix if  =0, when
• Scalar matrix:  is a scalar matrix if    when  i ≠  j,     (k is some constant), when I=j.
• Identity matrix:  is an identity matrix, if
• Zero matrix: A zero matrix has all its elements as zero.
• Equality of two matrices:   if (i) A and B are of same order, (ii) for all possible values of
• Scalar multiplication: 

Also       – A = (–1)A

• A – B = A + (–1) B

A + B = B + A

(A + B) + C = A + (B + C), where A =  B =  and C =  are of same order.

• k(A + B) = kA + kB, where A and B are of same order, k is constant.
• (k + l ) A = kA + lA, where k and l are constant.
• where

• (i)      A(BC) = (AB)C,

(ii)     A(B + C) = AB + AC,

(iii)    (A + B)C = AC + BC

• 
• (i) (A′)′ = A, ·   (ii) (kA)′ = kA′, ·   (iii) (A + B)′ = A′ + B′, ·   (iv) (AB)′ = B′A′
• Symmetric matrix: A is a symmetric matrix if A′ = A.
• Skew-aymmetric matrix: A is a skew symmetric matrix if A′ = –A.
• Any square matrix can be represented as the sum of a symmetric and a skew symmetric matrix. In fact, A = (A + A’) + (A – A’), where (A + A’) is a symmetric matrix and (A – A’) is a skew-symmetric matrix.
• Equivalent matrices: Two matrices A and B are equivalent that is, A – B is A is obtained from the other by a sequence of elementary operations. Elementary operations of a matrix are as follows:

(i)      or  (interchange rows or columns)

(ii)     or

(iii)    or

• If A and B are two square matrices such that AB = BA = I, then B is the inverse matrix of A and is denoted by and A is the inverse of  B.
• Inverse of a square matrix, if it exists, is unique.      

CBSE Class 12 Revision Notes and Key Points

Matrices class 12 Notes Mathematics. CBSE quick revision note for class-12 Chemistry Physics Math’s, Biology and other subject are very helpful to revise the whole syllabus during exam days. The revision notes covers all important formulas and concepts given in the chapter. Even if you wish to have an overview of a chapter, quick revision notes are here to do if for you. These notes will certainly save your time during stressful exam days.

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