CBSE Class 11 Chemistry Syllabus 2024-25

CBSE Class 11 Chemistry Syllabus 2024-25

The CBSE Class 11 Chemistry Syllabus for the 2024-25 session covers essential topics that lay a strong foundation for students pursuing further studies in chemistry. This syllabus is carefully designed to cover both theoretical and practical aspects of chemistry, offering an in-depth understanding of various concepts such as chemical bonding, organic chemistry, periodicity, and more. Students must follow the updated CBSE syllabus to ensure they are aligned with the official curriculum. With the most recent syllabus, students can focus on important topics, manage their study time effectively, and prepare for their exams with confidence using myCBSEGuide App.

Key Topics in the Class 11 Chemistry Syllabus 2024-25

1. Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry

• Matter and Its Classification: Introduction to matter, its types, and classification based on physical and chemical properties.
• Units and Measurement: Understanding SI units, measurements, and the concept of significant figures.
• Mole Concept: The relationship between moles, molecules, and atoms, Avogadro’s law, molar mass, and empirical and molecular formulas.
• Stoichiometry: Balancing chemical equations and calculating the amount of reactants and products in a chemical reaction.

2. Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties

• Mendeleev’s Periodic Table: Historical development and limitations of Mendeleev’s periodic table.
• Modern Periodic Law and the Periodic Table: The arrangement of elements based on atomic number and its periodic trends.
• Periodic Properties: Study of atomic size, ionization energy, electron affinity, and electronegativity across periods and groups.

3. Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

• Ionic Bonding: Formation of ionic bonds, properties of ionic compounds, and crystal lattice structure.
• Covalent Bonding: Formation of covalent bonds, Lewis structures, bond polarity, and resonance.
• Hybridization: Understanding the concept of hybridization in molecules like methane (CH4), ethene (C2H4), etc.
• Molecular Orbitals: Explanation of bonding and antibonding molecular orbitals and their significance in determining molecular structure.

4. Organic Chemistry: Some Basic Principles and Techniques

• Fundamental Concepts of Organic Chemistry: Introduction to organic chemistry, types of organic compounds, and functional groups.
• Nomenclature of Organic Compounds: Learning the IUPAC system of naming organic compounds.
• Isomerism: Understanding structural and stereoisomerism in organic molecules.
• Basic Reactions in Organic Chemistry: Study of substitution, addition, and elimination reactions.
• Methods of Preparation: Key methods of preparing organic compounds, including preparation of alkanes, alkyl halides, alcohols, and aldehydes.

5. States of Matter: Gases and Liquids

• Kinetic Molecular Theory: Basic postulates of the kinetic theory and its applications in understanding the behavior of gases.
• Ideal Gas Equation: PV = nRT and its use in solving various gas-related problems.
• Liquids and Solids: Understanding the properties of liquids and solids, including their intermolecular forces and phase transitions.

6. Thermodynamics

• Laws of Thermodynamics: First and second laws, understanding enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy.
• Internal Energy: Relationship between work, heat, and energy changes during chemical reactions.
• Heat and Work in Thermodynamic Processes: Understanding different types of thermodynamic processes, such as isothermal and adiabatic.

7. Equilibrium

• Chemical Equilibrium: The concept of dynamic equilibrium, Le Chatelier’s principle, and the equilibrium constant.
• Acid-Base Equilibria: Study of acids, bases, pH, and buffer solutions.
• Ionic Equilibria: Understanding the behavior of ions in solution, including solubility product.

8. Redox Reactions

• Oxidation and Reduction: Definitions, identifying oxidizing and reducing agents, and balancing redox reactions.
• Electrochemical Cells: Introduction to galvanic cells, electrode potential, and Nernst equation.

9. Hydrogen

• Properties and Compounds of Hydrogen: Study of hydrogen, its isotopes, and compounds like water, hydrogen peroxide, and acids.

10. Environmental Chemistry

• Pollution and Its Effects: Understanding air, water, and soil pollution and their impact on the environment.
• Green Chemistry: Introduction to green chemistry principles and sustainable chemical processes.

Importance of the CBSE Class 11 Chemistry Syllabus:

The Class 11 Chemistry syllabus for the 2024-25 academic year is a comprehensive framework that equips students with the theoretical knowledge and practical skills needed in chemistry. These concepts are essential for advanced studies in chemistry and other related fields like medicine, engineering, and environmental science. By covering fundamental topics such as chemical bonding, periodicity, and organic chemistry, this syllabus helps students grasp the essential principles that form the basis of modern chemical science. Download the syllabus from our website myCBSEguide now to start preparing and ensure success in your exams.

Study Tips for Class 11 Chemistry:

1. Understand Key Concepts: Focus on building a strong foundation by understanding the basic principles. Chemistry requires logical reasoning and understanding, especially in topics like bonding and thermodynamics.
2. Practice Regularly: Regular practice of chemical equations, stoichiometry problems, and balancing redox reactions will help reinforce your knowledge.
3. Revise and Memorize: Make a schedule for regular revision of important formulas, reaction mechanisms, and nomenclature rules to ensure they are fresh in your mind.
4. Use Visual Aids: Diagrams, molecular structures, and periodic tables are essential tools in chemistry. Always refer to them while studying to enhance your understanding.
5. Work on Organic Chemistry: Organic chemistry can be tricky, so it is important to practice naming compounds, understanding isomerism, and learning reaction mechanisms.
6. Stay Updated with Current Developments: Chemistry is an evolving field. Staying updated with environmental issues, the latest research, and applications of chemistry can add depth to your understanding.

Class 11 Chemistry Mobile App

CBSE Class – 11
Chemistry (Code No. 043)
Syllabus (2024-25)

---

Time: 3 Hours
Total Marks: 70

S.NO	UNIT	No. of Periods	Marks
1	Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry	12	7
2	Structure of Atom	14	9
3	Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties	8	6
4	Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure	14	7
5	Chemical Thermodynamics	16	9
6	Equilibrium	14	7
7	Redox Reactions	6	4
8	Organic Chemistry: Some basic Principles and Techniques	14	11
9	Hydrocarbons	12	10
	TOTAL		70

Unit I: Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry (12 Periods)
General Introduction: Importance and scope of Chemistry.
Nature of matter, laws of chemical combination, Dalton’s atomic theory: concept of elements, atoms and molecules.
Atomic and molecular masses, mole concept and molar mass, percentage composition, empirical and molecular formula, chemical reactions, stoichiometry and calculations based on stoichiometry.

Unit II: Structure of Atom (14 Periods)
Discovery of Electron, Proton and Neutron, atomic number, isotopes and isobars. Thomson’s model and its limitations. Rutherford’s model and its limitations, Bohr’s model and its limitations, concept of shells and subshells, dual nature of matter and light, de Broglie’s relationship, Heisenberg uncertainty principle, concept of orbitals, quantum numbers, shapes of s, p and d orbitals, rules for filling electrons in orbitals – Aufbau principle, Pauli’s exclusion principle and Hund’s rule, electronic configuration of atoms, stability of half-filled and completely filled orbitals.

Unit III: Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties (08 Periods)
Significance of classification, brief history of the development of periodic table, modern periodic law and the present form of periodic table, periodic trends in properties of elements -atomic radii, ionic radii, inert gas radii, Ionization enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, electronegativity, valency. Nomenclature of elements with atomic number greater than 100.

Unit IV: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure (14 Periods)
Valence electrons, ionic bond, covalent bond, bond parameters, Lewis structure, polar character of covalent bond, covalent character of ionic bond, valence bond theory, resonance, geometry of covalent molecules, VSEPR theory, concept of hybridization, involving s, p and d orbitals and shapes of some simple molecules, molecular orbital theory of homonuclear diatomic molecules(qualitative idea only), Hydrogen bond.

Unit VI: Chemical Thermodynamics (16 Periods)
Concepts of System and types of systems, surroundings, work, heat, energy, extensive and intensive properties, state functions.
First law of thermodynamics -internal energy and enthalpy, heat capacity and specific heat, measurement of ΔU and ΔH, Hess’s law of constant heat summation, enthalpy of bond dissociation, combustion, formation, atomization, sublimation, phase transition, ionization, solution and dilution. Second law of Thermodynamics (brief introduction)
Introduction of entropy as a state function, Gibb’s energy change for spontaneous and non- spontaneous processes, criteria for equilibrium.
Third law of thermodynamics (brief introduction).

Unit VII: Equilibrium (14 Periods)
Equilibrium in physical and chemical processes, dynamic nature of equilibrium, law of mass action, equilibrium constant, factors affecting equilibrium – Le Chatelier’s principle, ionic equilibrium- ionization of acids and bases, strong and weak electrolytes, degree of ionization, ionization of poly basic acids, acid strength, concept of pH, hydrolysis of salts (elementary idea), buffer solution, Henderson Equation, solubility product, common ion effect (with illustrative examples).

Unit VIII: Redox Reactions (06 Periods)
Concept of oxidation and reduction, redox reactions, oxidation number, balancing redox reactions, in terms of loss and gain of electrons and change in oxidation number, applications of redox reactions.

Unit XII: Organic Chemistry -Some Basic Principles and Techniques (14 Periods)
General introduction, methods of purification, qualitative and quantitative analysis, classification and IUPAC nomenclature of organic compounds. Electronic displacements in a covalent bond: inductive effect, electromeric effect, resonance and hyper conjugation. Homolytic and heterolytic fission of a covalent bond: free radicals, carbocations, carbanions, electrophiles and nucleophiles, types of organic reactions.

Unit XIII: Hydrocarbons (12 Periods)
Classification of Hydrocarbons
Aliphatic Hydrocarbons:
Alkanes – Nomenclature, isomerism, conformation (ethane only), physical properties, chemical reactions including free radical mechanism of halogenation, combustion and pyrolysis.
Alkenes – Nomenclature, structure of double bond (ethene), geometrical isomerism, physical properties, methods of preparation, chemical reactions: addition of hydrogen, halogen, water, hydrogen halides (Markovnikov’s addition and peroxide effect), ozonolysis, oxidation, mechanism of electrophilic addition.
Alkynes – Nomenclature, structure of triple bond (ethyne), physical properties, methods of preparation, chemical reactions: acidic character of alkynes, addition reaction of – hydrogen, halogens, hydrogen halides and water.
Aromatic Hydrocarbons:
Introduction, IUPAC nomenclature, benzene: resonance, aromaticity, chemical properties: mechanism of electrophilic substitution. Nitration, sulphonation, halogenation, Friedel Craft’s alkylation and acylation, directive influence of functional group in monosubstituted benzene. Carcinogenicity and toxicity.

PRACTICALS

Evaluation Scheme for Examination	Marks
Volumetric Analysis	08
Salt Analysis	08
Content Based Experiment	06
Project Work	04
Class record and viva	04
Total	30

PRACTICAL SYLLABUS
Total Periods: 60
Micro-chemical methods are available for several of the practical experiments, wherever possible such techniques should be used.
A. Basic Laboratory Techniques

1. Cutting glass tube and glass rod
2. Bending a glass tube
3. Drawing out a glass jet
4. Boring a cork

B. Characterization and Purification of Chemical Substances

1. Determination of melting point of an organic compound.
2. Determination of boiling point of an organic compound.
3. Crystallization of impure sample of any one of the following: Alum, Copper Sulphate, Benzoic Acid.

C. Experiments based on pH

1. Any one of the following experiments:
   • Determination of pH of some solutions obtained from fruit juices, solution of known and varied concentrations of acids, bases and salts using pH paper or universal indicator.
   • Comparing the pH of solutions of strong and weak acids of same concentration. Δ Study the pH change in the titration of a strong base using universal indicator.
2. Study the pH change by common-ion in case of weak acids and weak bases.

D. Chemical Equilibrium
One of the following experiments:

1. Study the shift in equilibrium between ferric ions and thiocyanate ions by increasing/decreasing the concentration of either of the ions.
2. Study the shift in equilibrium between [Co(H₂O)₆]²⁺ and chloride ions by changing the concentration of either of the ions.

E. Quantitative Estimation

1. Using a mechanical balance/electronic balance.
2. Preparation of standard solution of Oxalic acid.
3. Determination of strength of a given solution of Sodium hydroxide by titrating it against standard solution of Oxalic acid.
4. Preparation of standard solution of Sodium carbonate.
5. Determination of strength of a given solution of hydrochloric acid by titrating it against standard Sodium Carbonate solution.

F. Qualitative Analysis

1. Determination of one anion and one cation in a given salt
   Cation- Pb²⁺, Cu²⁺, As³⁺, Al³⁺, Fe³⁺, Mn²⁺, Zn²⁺, Co²⁺, Ca²⁺, Sr²⁺, Ba²⁺, Mg²⁺, NH₄⁺
   Anions- CO₃^2-, S^2-, NO₂^–, SO₃^2-, SO₄^2-, NO₃^–, Cl^–, Br^–, I^–, PO₄^3-, CH₃COO^–, (Note: Insoluble salts excluded)
2. Detection of -Nitrogen, Sulphur, Chlorine in organic compounds.
3. PROJECTS
   Scientific investigations involving laboratory testing and collecting information from other sources.
   A few suggested Projects
   • Checking the bacterial contamination in drinking water by testing sulphide ion
   • Study of the methods of purification of water
   • Testing the hardness, presence of Iron, Fluoride, Chloride, etc., depending upon the regional variation in drinking water and study of causes of presence of these ions above permissible limit (if any).
   • Investigation of the foaming capacity of different washing soaps and the effect of addition of Sodium carbonate on it
   • Study the acidity of different samples of tea leaves.
   • Determination of the rate of evaporation of different liquids.
   • Study the effect of acids and bases on the tensile strength of fibers.
   • Study of acidity of fruit and vegetable juices.

Note: Any other investigatory project, which involves about 10 periods of work, can be chosen with the approval of the teacher.

Practical Examination for Visually Impaired Students

Note: Same Evaluation scheme and general guidelines for visually impaired students as given for Class XII may be followed.
A. List of apparatus for identification for assessment in practical (All experiments)
Beaker, tripod stand, wire gauze, glass rod, funnel, filter paper, Bunsen burner, test tube, test tube stand, dropper, test tube holder, ignition tube, china dish, tongs, standard flask, pipette, burette, conical flask, clamp stand, dropper, wash bottle

• Odour detection in qualitative analysis
• Procedure/Setup of the apparatus

B. List of Experiments

1. Characterization and Purification of Chemical Substances
   1. Crystallization of an impure sample of any one of the following: copper sulphate, benzoic acid
2. Experiments based on pH
   1. Determination of pH of some solutions obtained from fruit juices, solutions of known and varied concentrations of acids, bases and salts using pH paper
   2. Comparing the pH of solutions of strong and weak acids of same concentration.
3. Chemical Equilibrium
   1. Study the shift in equilibrium between ferric ions and thiocyanate ions by increasing/decreasing the concentration of eitherions.
   2. Study the shift in equilibrium between [Co(H₂O)₆]²⁺ and chloride ions by changing the concentration of either of the ions.
4. Quantitative estimation
   1. Preparation of standard solution of oxalic acid.
   2. Determination of molarity of a given solution of sodium hydroxide by titrating it against standard solution of oxalic acid.
5. Qualitative Analysis
   1. Determination of one anion and one cation in a given salt
   2. Cations – NH⁺₄
      Anions – (CO₃)^2-, S^2-, (SO₃)^2-, Cl^–, CH₃COO^–
      (Note: insoluble salts excluded)
   3. Detection of Nitrogen in the given organic compound.
   4. Detection of Halogen in the given organic compound.

Note: The above practical may be carried out in an experiential manner rather than recording observations.
Prescribed Books:

1. Chemistry Part – I, Class-XI, Published by NCERT.
2. Chemistry Part – II, Class-XI, Published by NCERT.

CBSE Syllabus 2024-25

---

CBSE Class 9 Syllabus 2024-25

CBSE Class 10 Syllabus 2024-25

CBSE Class 11 Syllabus 2024-25

CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2024-25

How to Download the CBSE Class 11 Chemistry Syllabus 2024-25:

1. Visit myCBSEguide website.
2. Use the search bar to find “Class 11 Chemistry Syllabus.”
3. Click on the relevant syllabus link for the 2024-25 session.
4. Download the syllabus in PDF format by clicking the download button.

Alternatively, install the myCBSEguide App from Google Play or the App Store, log in, and download the syllabus directly from the app.

Frequently Asked Question:

When will the CBSE 2025 syllabus be released?

The CBSE 2025 syllabus has already been released by the board. Students can now access the updated syllabus for all subjects, including the CBSE Class 11 Chemistry Syllabus 2024-25. This syllabus is available in PDF format, offering a convenient way for students to download and review the topics they need to focus on in preparation for their exams.

For those aiming to excel in their studies, it’s essential to stay informed and use reliable study resources. The myCBSEguide website provides the latest syllabus for all CBSE subjects, helping students stay aligned with the curriculum. The myCBSEguide App platform also offers a range of educational materials such as sample papers, chapter-wise test papers, NCERT solutions, and revision notes, all designed to streamline exam preparation.

Additionally, educators can take advantage of the Examin8 App and Examin8 Website to create customized mock tests and practice papers tailored to their students’ needs.