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Policies and the People Nawabs lose their power Nawabs and rajas lost their authority and power since the mid-eighteenth century. In order to protect their interests, many ruling families tried to negotiate with the Company. Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi wanted the Company to recognise her adopted son as the heir to the kingdom after the death of her husband. But, the Company turned down these pleas. Awadh was one of the last territories to be annexed. In 1801, a subsidiary alliance was imposed on Awadh, and in 1856 it was taken over. The Company planned to bring down the Mughal dynasty to an end. In 1849, Governor-General Dalhousie announced that after the death of Bahadur Shah Zafar, his family would be shifted out of the Red Fort and given another place in Delhi to reside in. After Bahadur Shah Zafar, the last Mughal King, none of his descendants would be recognised as kings – they would just be called princes. The peasants and the sepoys Peasants and zamindars from the countryside resented the high taxes and the rigid methods of revenue collection. Many lost their lands as they failed to pay back their loans to the moneylenders. The Indian sepoys who were employees of the Company were unhappy about their pay, allowances and conditions of service. When sepoys were told to go to Burma to fight for the Company via sea route, they refused to go but agreed to go via land route. The Company passed a law in 1856, which stated that every new person who took up employment in the Company’s army had to agree to serve overseas, if required. Responses to reforms The British reformed Indian society by passing laws to stop the practice of Sati and to encourage the remarriage of widows. English education was widely promoted. After 1830, Christian missionaries were allowed to function freely in its domain and own land and property. A new law was passed in 1850, to convert into Christianity easier. The law allowed Indian Christians to inherit the property of their ancestors. A Mutiny Becomes a Popular Rebellion A large number of people believed that they have a common enemy and rose up against the enemy at the same time. For such a situation to develop people have to organise, communicate, take initiative and display the confidence to turn the situation around. In May 1857, English East India Company faced a massive rebellion. In several places, sepoys mutinied beginning from Meerut and a large number of people from different sections of society rose up in rebellion. It is considered as the biggest armed resistance to colonialism in the nineteenth century. From Meerut to Delhi On 29 March 1857, Mangal Pandey, was hanged to death for attacking officers in Barrackpore. Some sepoys of the regiment Meerut refused to do army drill using the new cartridges, suspected of being coated with the fat of cows and pigs. On 9th May 1857, eighty-five sepoys were dismissed from service and sentenced to ten years in jail for disobeying their officers. The soldiers released the imprisoned sepoys from the Meerut jail on 10 May. The soldiers were determined to bring an end to their rule in the country. The sepoys rode all night of 10 May and reached Delhi in the early hours next morning. Triumphant soldiers gathered in the Red Fort demanding to meet Badshah. Bahadur Shah Zafar accepted the demand and wrote letters to all the chiefs and rulers of the country to come forward and organise a confederacy of Indian states to fight the British. The Mughal dynasty had ruled over a very large part of the country. Small rulers and chieftains controlled different territories were threatened by the expansion of British rule. The British thought that the disturbance caused by the issue of the cartridges would die down. But the entire situation changed dramatically by the decision of Bahadur Shah Zafar. The rebellion spreads The British were routed from Delhi, and for almost a week there was no uprising. Regiments mutinied and troops joined nodal points like Delhi, Kanpur and Lucknow. Nana Saheb, the adopted son of the late Peshwa Baji Rao proclaimed himself Peshwa, gathered armed forces and expelled the British garrison from the city. In Lucknow, Birjis Qadr proclaimed the new Nawab. In Jhansi, Rani Lakshmibai joined the rebel sepoys and fought the British along with Tantia Tope, the general of Nana Saheb. In the Mandla region of Madhya Pradesh, Rani Avantibai Lodhi of Ramgarh raised and led an army against the British who had taken over the administration of her state. The British were defeated in a number of battles. A situation of widespread popular rebellion developed in the region of Awadh in particular. Emergence of many new leaders. For example, Ahmadullah Shah, from Faizabad, Bakht Khan in Delhi, Kunwar Singh in Bihar. The Company Fights Back The Company brought reinforcements from England, passed new laws to easily convict the rebels. In September 1857, Delhi was recaptured and the last Mughal emperor, Bahadur Shah Zafar was sentenced to life imprisonment. In March 1858, Lucknow was taken and Rani Lakshmibai was defeated and killed in June 1858. Rani Avantibai chose to embrace death when surrounded by the British on all sides. Tantia Tope was captured, tried and killed in April 1859. The defeat of rebel forces encouraged desertions. To win people loyalty, the British announced rewards for loyal landholders, who will continue to enjoy traditional rights over their lands. If anyone who rebelled against the British surrendered themselves and if they had not killed any white people, they would remain safe and their rights and claims to land would not be denied. Aftermath By the end of 1859, the British had regained control of the country. Some of the important changes that were introduced by the British are mentioned below: In 1858, a new Act was passed and transferred the powers of the East India Company to the British Crown in order to ensure more responsible management of Indian affairs. A member of the British Cabinet was appointed Secretary of State for India and made responsible for all matters related to the governance of India. He was given a council to advise him, called the India Council. The Governor-General of India was given the title of Viceroy. Through these measures, the British government accepted direct responsibility for ruling India. All ruling chiefs were assured that their territory would never be annexed in future. They were allowed to pass on their kingdoms to their heirs, including adopted sons. The Indian rulers were to hold their kingdoms as subordinates of the British Crown. The proportion of Indian soldiers in the army were reduced and the number of European soldiers increased. Muslims land and property were confiscated on a large scale and they were treated with suspicion and hostility. The British decided to respect the customary religious and social practices of the people in India. Policies were made to protect landlords and zamindars and give them security of rights over their lands.

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Shital Kumari 5 years ago (10154701)

Batao na plz

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Shital Kumari 5 years ago (10154701)

Aap kon se class me ho

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Shital Kumari 5 years ago (10154701)

Thanks yar

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Gaurav Seth 5 years ago (2898529)

When People Rebel: 1857 and After class 8 Notes History

Policies and the People: The policies of the East India Company affected different people like kings, queens, peasants, landlords, tribals, and soldiers in different ways.

Nawabs Lose their Power:

Since the mid-eighteenth century. Nawabs and rajas had seen their power erode. They lost their authority and honour.
In 1801, a subsidiary alliance was imposed on Awadh and i8 was annexed in 1856 on the basis of administration.
Along with this direct conquest and Doctrine of Lapse were imposed and symbols of authority were destroyed.
The company began to plan to bring an end to the Mughal dynasty and Bahadur Shah Zafar was declared as the last King of Mughals.

For more click on the given link:

<a data-ved="2ahUKEwiA8r-0mtAhVugUsFHVFKAhwQFjAAegQIAxAC" href="https://mycbseguide.com/blog/people-rebel-1857-class-8-notes-history/" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://mycbseguide.com/blog/people-rebel-1857-class-8-notes-history/&ved=2ahUKEwiA8r-0mtAhVugUsFHVFKAhwQFjAAegQIAxAC" rel="noopener" target="_blank">When People Rebel: 1857 and After class 8 Notes History</a>

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The length of a given cylindrical wire is increased by 100%. Due to the consequent decrease in diameter, the change in the resistance of the wire will be ?

Posted by Aachal Satwan 5 years ago (9499811)

CBSE > Class 10 > Science

3 answers

Aachal Satwan 5 years ago (9499811)

Sorry, but the options are - a)300% b)200% c)100% d)50% So which one will be correct?

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Secret ??? 5 years ago (10356051)

Yes the ristence will increase 4 times

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Reema Janu 5 years ago (10208162)

I am not sure about the answer ...but the resistance will be 4 times ...when l was solving this question I got this answer if it is wrong so plzz let me know...

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When the distance of an object from a concave mirror is decreased from 15 cm to 9cm, the image gets magnified 3 times than that in the first case. Calculate the focal length of the mirror.

Posted by Aachal Satwan 5 years ago (9499811)

CBSE > Class 10 > Science

0 answers

ANSWER

Photography on paryavaranam Ideas

Posted by Vardhini C.S 5 years ago (4927594)

CBSE > Class 09 > संस्कृत (शेमुषी)

0 answers

ANSWER

Give me the reaction of ozonolysis

Posted by Vaishanavi Narayan 5 years ago (10297692)

CBSE > Class 12 > Chemistry

1 answers

Paras Kumar 5 years ago (7697690)

O²+[O]------>O³

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Preparation of:- a) a mixture b) a compound Using iron filings and sulphur power & distinguishing between these on the basis of:- i) appearance, i.e, homogeneity & heterogeneity ii) behaviour towards a magnet iii) behaviour towards carbon disulphi as a solvent iv) effect of heat

Posted by Palkita Srivastava 5 years ago (10052630)

CBSE > Class 09 > Science

0 answers

ANSWER

Sample paper 2020-21 solution

Posted by Pihu Yadav 5 years ago (10374385)

CBSE > Class 10 > Mathematics

1 answers

Gaurav Seth 5 years ago (2898529)

This year, CBSE has made too many changes in the question paper pattern. As per the revised curriculum document issued by CBSE for session 2020-21, there will be 50% MCQ and objective type questions. The unseen passages in CBSE Class 10 English Sample Paper 2020-21 will have only MCQs. In the same way, there are many other segments in CBSE model question papers for class 10 English that have been completely changed. So, it is very important to understand the class 10 English question paper 2020-21 pattern and prepare for exams accordingly.

Click on the given link for paper and answer:

<a data-ved="2ahUKEwij9daNmP_tAhXNfX0KHXECA6YQFjATegQIHxAC" href="http://cbseacademic.nic.in/SQP_CLASSX_2020-21.html" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://cbseacademic.nic.in/SQP_CLASSX_2020-21.html&ved=2ahUKEwij9daNmP_tAhXNfX0KHXECA6YQFjATegQIHxAC" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Class X 2020-2021 SQP and MS - CBSE | Academics Unit</a>

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When Hitler was born in Austria Why did he want to rule Germany?

Posted by Vardhini C.S 5 years ago (4927594)

CBSE > Class 09 > Social Science

1 answers

Gaurav Seth 5 years ago (2898529)

Born in 1889 in Austria, Hitler spent his youth in poverty. When the First World War broke out, he enrolled for the army, acted as a messenger in the front, became a corporal, and earned medals for bravery. The German defeat horrified him and the Versailles Treaty made him furious. In 1919, he joined a small group called the German Workers’ Party. He subsequently took over the organisation and renamed it the National Socialist German Workers’ Party. This party came to be known as the Nazi Party.

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??????

Posted by Rakshitha Malle 5 years ago (10374341)

CBSE > Class 06 > Other Subjects

2 answers

Gaurav Seth 5 years ago (2898529)

The question you are asking is not clear or incomplete.
You can add more details like chapter name or book name.
Ask specific question which are clear and concise.
Ask properly stated queries for the answer.

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Rakshitha Malle 5 years ago (10374341)

1?????? ???????? ??? ???????

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ANSWER

Popular ka meaning

Posted by Madhuri Gupta 5 years ago (10368142)

CBSE > Class 04 > English

5 answers

Gunjan Gunjan 5 years ago (10211627)

Who says ,,Cheep cheep

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Nirupama. Rs Rajkumar 5 years ago (10320967)

Famous

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Nilesh Kumar 5 years ago (10023903)

Famous ho na

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Gaurav Seth 5 years ago (2898529)

Famous

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Gaurav Seth 5 years ago (2898529)

Famo

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The government is always successful in maintaining law and order. "Do you agree? Give reasons to support your answer.

Posted by Amritpreet Kaur 5 years ago (10374281)

CBSE > Class 05 > Social Science

2 answers

[email protected] Hav 4 years, 11 months ago (8965903)

Answer. It is because vote is more important than law in India. ... The only way possible is to shoot some of them, which will anger the whole community (cause, for them community is more important than the Law) ,anger of the community will loose votes for the party ruling, so, the Law is negotiated....... ????

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Rimpi Gurung 5 years ago (10394669)

It is nice

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Where I find all the important question of computer science python class 12 which will probably come in the board exam

Posted by Ashish Kumar 5 years ago (5949125)

CBSE > Class 12 > Computer Science

0 answers

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Easy on dhyaan chand in punjabi language

Posted by Manpreet Kaur 5 years ago (8879257)

CBSE > Class 08 > Other Subjects

1 answers

Nikhil Kashyap 5 years ago (10384647)

Nikhil

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Hampi as the best turist spot of karnataka

Posted by Niyati Chhetri 5 years ago (4827194)

CBSE > Class 07 > Social Science

1 answers

Gaurav Seth 5 years ago (2898529)

Hampi is famous for its ruins belonging to the erstwhile medieval Hindu kingdom of Vijaynagar and it is declared a World Heritage site. The temples of Hampi, its monolithic sculptures and monuments, attract the traveler because of their excellent workmanship. The Hindu style of architecture found at Hampi reflects the splendor of the Vijaynagar Empire. The rugged landscape adds to the historic ambiance of this site.

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Either gene is the part of DNA or DNA is the part of gene

Posted by Tushar Upadhyaya 5 years ago (8199488)

CBSE > Class 10 > Science

2 answers

Kiran Kumari 5 years ago (10352018)

DNA is a part of gene.

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Gaurav Seth 5 years ago (2898529)

DNA is the part of gene

Genes are the DNA stretches which encode for specific proteins.

Regulates the traits of an organism.

Gene is a specific sequence present on a short stretch of DNA.

Genes are made up of either DNA or RNA.

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When a molecule is more polar then why is it easier to be broken

Posted by Drishty Kamboj 5 years ago (10229495)

CBSE > Class 12 > Chemistry

1 answers

Gaurav Seth 5 years ago (2898529)

A n s w e r
1/ Covalent, Ionic and Metallic are all bonds so strong interactions only.
2/ Dipole is a weak interaction and hence can be broken and reformed

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Find p(0),p(1),p(2),for each of the following polynomials:

Posted by Deepika Sundriyal 5 years ago (10275341)

CBSE > Class 09 > Mathematics

2 answers

Deepika Sundriyal 4 years ago (10275341)

Hhiia

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Gaurav Seth 5 years ago (2898529)

The question you are asking is not clear or incomplete. Where are the polynomials in your question?
You can add more details like chapter name or book name.
Ask specific question which are clear and concise.
Ask properly stated queries for the answer.

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ANSWER

Describe the characteristics of the Brahmaputra basin . Also mention why flood is a frequent feature in this basin

Posted by Tisha ??? 5 years ago (9384394)

CBSE > Class 11 > Geography

1 answers

Gaurav Seth 5 years ago (2898529)

1. Brahmaputra is one of the largest rivers of the world. It is a trans-Himalayan river.
2. It has its origin in Kailash range near Mansarover lake. It flows eastward longitudinally from a distance of 1200 km. It forms a gorge in Namcha Barwa mountains.
3. It enters India forming the gorge. It receives Dibang and Lohit rivers as its tributaries.
4. The Brahmaputra is known for its floods. This is due to the fact that both the Purvanchal Himalayas and the Shillong Plateaus receive heavy rainfall.

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How are Indian rivers useful for the country

Posted by Tisha ??? 5 years ago (9384394)

CBSE > Class 11 > Geography

1 answers

Gaurav Seth 4 years, 11 months ago (2898529)

1. The great river system comprises large water wealth of the country.
2. The volume of annual precipitation in the country is estimated at about 3700400 million cubic meters.
3. Large rivers have great water power potential. Large rivers and lakes possess some important and useful waterways of the country.
4. The country has navigable waterways of about 10600 km. The rivers also supply water to cities, villages and industrial sectors.

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ANSWER

Difference between-1 consequent and antecedent rivers ,2. Gorge and rift valley

Posted by Tisha ??? 5 years ago (9384394)

CBSE > Class 11 > Geography

2 answers

Gaurav Seth 5 years ago (2898529)

Gorge : The rivers in the mountainous region cut deep valleys and flow through these valleys. These are called gorges. The gorges are steep-sloped and deep.

Rift valley : Rift valleys are formed due to faulting. Due to the internal disturbances of the earth, some regions sink and form a valley. This valley is called a rift valley.

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Gaurav Seth 5 years ago (2898529)

Consequent rivers	Antecedent rivers
1.	These rivers	1.	It is an uplift area,
	maintain their		the rivers flow in
	original shape,		the direction
	deposit, the rise of		resulting as a
	the land due to		consequence of the
	folding. Rivers		slope.
	keep on flowing in
	the original direction.
2.	These rivers are	2.	These rivers are
	older than the fold		formed after the
	mountains over		uplift of the area.
	which these rivers
	flow.
3.	These rivers cut	3.	These rivers do
	deep gorges due to		not form gorges.
	down cutting.
4.	The trans Hima	4.	The rivers in the
	layan rivers such		peninsular India
	as Indus, Satluj,		flowing eastward
	Kosi, represent		according to slope
	consequent rivers.		are antecedent
			rivers.

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How to record screen of computer if our computer is of windows 7 and 32 bites

Posted by Kunal Dagar 5 years ago (9895747)

CBSE > Class 10 > Information Technology (402)

5 answers

Shruti Kushwaha 5 years ago (7562007)

Btw it is not going? to come in board as it is not in syllabus?

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Kavya Chhabra 5 years ago (10280267)

Can you name that app plz

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Krish Jha 5 years ago (7514663)

They have certain apps for it

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Kunal Dagar 5 years ago (9895747)

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Kunal Dagar 5 years ago (9895747)

Let's compare who give a good and working answer

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2-25+8

Posted by Tanish Pushpad 5 years ago (10374051)

CBSE > Class 05 > Mathematics

2 answers

Surya. B 5 years ago (10378647)

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Rakesh Patel 5 years ago (10374452)

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Describe three main characteristics Viz .the catchment area , terrain and flow pattern of the Indus drainage system

Posted by Tisha ??? 5 years ago (9384394)

CBSE > Class 11 > Geography

0 answers

ANSWER

Name three trans Himalayan rivers. define the term 'antecedent ' and establish connection between the two

Posted by Tisha ??? 5 years ago (9384394)

CBSE > Class 11 > Geography

3 answers

Tisha ??? 5 years ago (9384394)

Thanks ??

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Gaurav Seth 5 years ago (2898529)

Antecedent rivers
1.	It is an uplift area,
	the rivers flow in
	the direction
	resulting as a
	consequence of the
	slope.


2.	These rivers are
	formed after the
	uplift of the area.


3.	These rivers do
	not form gorges.

4.	The rivers in the
	peninsular India
	flowing eastward
	according to slope
	are antecedent

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Gaurav Seth 5 years ago (2898529)

1. These rivers are again subdivided into two groups. Trans Himalayan and Himalayan. The Trans-Himalayan Rivers originate beyond the Great Himalayas. These are the Indus, the Sutlej and the Brahmaputra rivers. Himalayan rivers are those which originate in the Himalayas and flow through the Northern Plains, e.g., the Ganga, the Yamuna and their tributaries. These rivers are useful for irrigation and navigation and the lowlands drained by them have fertile alluvial deposits.

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ANSWER

Write in detail about the three ranges of Himalayas

Posted by Anshu Kumari 5 years ago (10037809)

CBSE > Class 09 > Social Science

2 answers

Bhumika Jaiswal 5 years ago (9565070)

The three parallel ranges of Himalayas are: 1. Himadari 2. Himachal 3. Shiwaliks

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Gaurav Seth 5 years ago (2898529)

The three parallel ranges of the Himalayas are:

Himadri (Great or Inner Himalayas)

It is the most continuous range. The northernmost range is called the Himadri. It consists of loftiest peaks with an average height of 6,000 metres. It contains all the prominent peaks. It remains snow covered throughout the year, resulting into the formation of glaciers and some perennial rivers.

Himachal (Lesser Himalayas)

It lies to the south of Himadri and forms the most rugged mountain system. The ranges are mainly composed of highly compressed and altered rocks. Average height is between 3,700 to 4,500 metres. Some famous ranges are the Pir Panjal range, Dhaula Dhar and Mahabharat ranges. It has some famous valleys like Kullu, Kangra and Kashmir. They are known for their hill stations. The average width is 50 Km.

Shiwaliks (Outer Himalayas)

This is the outermost range of the Himalayas. Its height varies between 900 and 1,100 metres. These ranges are composed of unconsolidated rock material, so these ranges are prone to earthquakes and landslides. These longitudinal valleys lying between lesser Himalayas and Shiwaliks are called ‘Duns’ like Dehra Dun, Kotli Dun and Patlin Dun, etc.

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Case studies question

Posted by Lovepreet Hanjra 5 years ago (8796379)

CBSE > Class 10 > Mathematics

1 answers

Kiran Chaudhri 5 years ago (7204915)

Practice the questions of case study from sample paper

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Meaning of, traditions of Jammu and Kashmir plz

Posted by Yashmita Rathee 5 years ago (9779870)

CBSE > Class 06 > Sanskrit

3 answers

Yashmita Rathee 5 years ago (9779870)

Thanks

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Anuj Yadav 5 years ago (10061976)

Means traditions in jammu and kashmir

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Gaurav Seth 5 years ago (2898529)

Jammu Kashmir is a diverse blend of various cultures People from different religious and social practices of Muslim, Hindu, Sikh, and Buddhist have created a composite culture of the state which is called Kashmiriyat. Kashmiri comprises of Kashmiri Pundits, Kashmiri Muslims, Gurjars and Rajasthani Rajputs.

जम्मू कश्मीर विभिन्न संस्कृतियों का एक विविध मिश्रण है मुस्लिम, हिंदू, सिख और बौद्ध के विभिन्न धार्मिक और सामाजिक प्रथाओं के लोगों ने राज्य की एक समग्र संस्कृति बनाई है जिसे कश्मीरी कहा जाता है। कश्मीरी में कश्मीरी पंडित, कश्मीरी मुस्लिम, गुर्जर और राजस्थानी राजपूत शामिल हैं।

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