Land resources in India are primarily divided into
agricultural land, forest land, land meant for pasture and grazing, land for other non-agricultural use(such as housing, roads and industry) and waste land (rocky, arid and desert areas). In 2002-03, 54 per cent of the total land area was cultivable or fallow, 22.5 per cent was covered by forests and 3.5 per cent was used for grazing. The rest was waste land, with traces of miscellaneous cultivation.
Improper use of forest land has degraded the available land area and made conservation of forests difficult. Human activities such as deforestation, mining and quarrying have contributed to the slow growth rate of forests. Thus, land ’ under forest has increased by only about 4 per cent since
1960-61.

When the valence electrons are represented as dots circling the elements it is known as the elemental structure with electron –dot.  

Thus for option i) we can write Sodium (2, 8, 1) = Na with one electron at the top. Again for Oxygen (2, 6) = O with two electrons each on three sides.

For Magnesium (2, 8, 2) = Mg with two electrons on the top.  

The formation of Na₂0 and MgO can be written as Mg²⁺ + O₂ (2-).

In Na₂O, Na⁺ and O^2- ions are present and in MgO, Mg2= and O₂ (2- ) ions are present.  

Word Processing refers to the act of using a computer to create, edit, save and print documents. In order to perform word processing, specialized software (known as a Word Processor) is needed. One example of a Word Processor is Microsoft Word, but other word processing applications are also widely used. A word processor is a device or computer program that provides for input, editing, formatting and output of text, often with some additional features. Early word processors were stand-alone devices dedicated to the function, but current word processors are word processor programs running on general purpose computers. 

Some concave mirror uses are listed in the points below.

• Shaving mirrors
• Head mirrors
• Ophthalmoscope
• Astronomical telescopes
• Headlights
• Solar furnaces

Federalism is a system of government in which the power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units of the country. Usually, a federation has two levels of government. One is the government for the entire country that is usually responsible for a few subjects of common national interest. The others are governments at the level of provinces or states that look after much of the day-to-day administering of their state. Both these levels of governments enjoy their power independent of the other.

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• The most prominent characteristics of Nelson Mandela are strength of spirit, integrity, honor, and leadership. Mandela's strength of spirit allowed him to endure 27 years of imprisonment. He never compromised his beliefs, which shows integrity and a willingness never to give up the fight.
•  Nelson Mandela demonstrated remarkable leadership qualities.
• He was a man of peace.
• He had a powerful presence and disarmed enemies with his smile.
• He showed the world what forgiveness looks like.
•  He was positive, thinking about what could be.
• He was a visionary and could see the big picture.
• Apartheid was a system of racial inequality which kept all races separate from one another. In 1994, Mandela was of key importance in negotiating the freedom and equality of all South Africans. He then became South Africa's first democratically elected president.
• He was a men of uncommon courage, wisdom and generosity. He regards the death of thousands of people who sacrificed their lives for the cause of courage. It is not the absence of fear but the victory over it. No man is born with harassment rather love which comes natural to the human heart.
• Nelson Mandela, the first Black president of South Africa, after more than 3 centuries of white rule, celebrated very vividly the grand ceremony of the first democratic non-racial

Uses of Sodium Hydroxide

(1) It is used for making soaps and detergents.

(2) It is used for making artificial textile fibres.

(3) It is used in the manufacture of paper.

(4) It is used in purifying bauxite ore.

यूरोपियन संघ (यूरोपियन यूनियन) मुख्यत: यूरोप में स्थित 27 देशों का एक राजनैतिक एवं आर्थिक मंच है जिनमें आपस में प्रशासकीय साझेदारी होती है जो संघ के कई या सभी राष्ट्रो पर लागू होती है

It is very difficult to say about the unknown pilot who helped the narrator. But probably it was the narrator himself that helped him to overcome the fear in the storm as no other plane was seen in the radar except the narrator’s Dakota plane. In that fearsome situation, he might have been hallucinating. He himself was a good pilot and brave enough who helped himself land safely

The woman in the Control Centre looked at the narrator strangely because the narrator asked him about the black aeroplane and she saw no one except the narrator’s in the sky during the storm. Even the radar showed only the narrator’s plane that night in the sky.

As the pilot entered the storm, his plane started jumping and twisting. He could not see anything outside the plane as it was black. When he looked at compass and other instruments they had stopped to function due to storm. It was a terrible and fearsome experience for him. The fuel tank was almost empty and he could not fly more than ten minutes. Then, he saw another black aeroplane by his side and the pilot of the plane signalled him to follow. It was a surprise for the narrator, as the other black plane had no light. He followed him without any choice and landed safely on the runway.

Answer: the narrator was happy to be alone high up above the sleeping country side he was flying his old Dakota aeroplane

He was dreaming of his holiday and looking forward to being with his family

The young seagull overcomes his fear due to his hunger the young seagull where forced to fly due to his hunger .

his mother tempted him to fly showing food when he start to fly he first feared and then enjoyed flying with his family 

Success can't be taken for granted. One has to struggle and finally to win it. The story of the young seagull is the story of overcoming hesitations, doubts and fears that stand between us and our success. Hunger makes him take the final plunge. This leads him to make his first flight and soar into space.

The young seagull was different from his brothers and little sister as they had had the courage to take the plunge from the ledge and learned to flap their wings and fly, whereas he had been too afraid to leap off the ledge. So, he was still stuck alone on that ledge whereas his brothers and sister were learning to perfect flying with the aid of their parents.

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The young seagull was afraid to fly because he felt certain that his wings would never support him to fly. He was frightened to see the sea around him. He was afraid that he would fall down into the sea. He had not eaten anything since the previous night