Leeuwenhoek discovered the free living cells in pond water for the first time. In the year 1674, with the help of improved microscope.

DETAILED CURRICULUM/TOPICS: Part-A: EMPLOYABILITY SKILLS S. No. Units Duration in Hours 1. Unit 1: Communication Skills-II 10 2. Unit 2: Self-management Skills-II 10 3. Unit 3: Information and Communication Technology Skills-II 10 4. Unit 4: Entrepreneurial Skills-II 15 5. Unit 5: Green Skills-II 05 TOTAL DURATION 50

Click on the given link for syllabus:

<a href="http://cbseacademic.nic.in/web_material/Curriculum21/Class_X/402-INFO_TECH_X.pdf" ping="/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://cbseacademic.nic.in/web_material/Curriculum21/Class_X/402-INFO_TECH_X.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwi5jvuurcLsAhXPxDgGHZ7QAXEQFjAAegQIAxAC" rel="noopener" target="_blank">INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (402) Class X - CBSE ...</a>

Two Stories about Flying Part 1 Summary

His First Flight Summary

‘His First Flight’ written by Liam O’ Flaherty is a story of a young seagull who is afraid of flying. A family of seagulls lived on a ledge. A young seagull is left alone as he is afraid to fly and is one among the slow learners. All that this young seagull needed was motivation. By way of punishment, his family left him alone on the ledge and flew away. They upbraided him, taunted him for cowardice and even threatened to let him starve. He remained hungry for twenty-four hours and was unable to shed off his fright of flight. He cried begging his mother to bring him some food.

She picked up a piece of fish in her beak and flew across him and stood just in front of him. The piece of fish in her beak was almost within the reach of his beak. The young seagull was mad with hunger. He dived at the fish. The next moment he found himself falling outwards and downwards into space. Instinctively, he spread his wings and flapped them. He soared upwards and all his fear is gone. It was a joyous moment for his family. He forgot that he was ever afraid of flying.

Two Stories about Flying Part 2 Summary

The Black Aeroplane Summary

The present story offers a psychological insight into a character under stress. It is an interesting account of the narrator’s encounter with the pilot of a black aeroplane who comes to his rescue in distress. It is a mystery built around the black aeroplane and its pilot.

A pilot was flying an old Dakota aeroplane at lO’clock at night. The stars were shining and there was not a trace of clouds. The sky was clear and the plane was flying over France and going back to England. The pilot was extremely happy. He was lost in the dreams of his holiday and family. Around 1:30 a.m. he called Paris Control Room to enquire about the route and location. The Control Room instructed him to turn twelve degrees west. The pilot checked the map and the compass, switched over to his second and last fuel tank and turned the plane twelve degrees west towards England. He expected to join his family for the breakfast.

When Paris was 150 km behind, the pilot saw the black storm clouds approaching the plane. He could not fly over them. Also he didn’t have enough fuel to fly around them south or north. Initially, he thought of going back to Paris but his strong urge to meet his family members led him straight into the storm. It was absolutely dark inside the clouds. The plane was jumping and twisting in the air. All the instruments had stopped working. The pilot lost his contact with the ground staff because his compass and radio had stopped functioning.

Suddenly he saw another aeroplane quite near him. That strange black aeroplane had no lights on its wings. The pilot of the black aeroplane asked him to follow him. The pilot flew in the clouds for half an hour. He had only fuel left to fly another fifteen minutes. The pilot was frightened. Suddenly the black aeroplane descended and the pilot followed him. Finally, the black aeroplane guided him to an airport for landing. The pilot was thrilled to see the runway but when he turned his head to thank the pilot of the black aeroplane he couldn’t see him anywhere.

After landing, the pilot immediately rushed to the Control Centre and enquired about the black aeroplane which guided him all the way to the airport. The woman on duty at the Control Centre told him that no other plane was seen flying that night. She had seen only his plane on the radar. The pilot was surprised to hear all this and kept on wondering who had helped him to arrive and land safely without a compass or a radio and without any more fuel left in his tank. He kept thinking abgut that strange black aeroplane and its mysterious pilot.

लेखक किसकी मदद से अपनी पढ़ाई जारी रख सका ?

A) अपने घर वालो की मदद से
b) दोस्तों की मदद से
c) हेडमास्टर साहिब की मदद से
D) कोई नहीं

Answer: c) हेडमास्टर साहिब की मदद से
 

Guiseppe Mazzini was an Italian liberalist.
He wanted to fight for freedom and liberty and wanted to create nation-state.
He was born in Genoa 1807.
1) He became a member of Carbonari , a secret society.
2) He attempted a revolution in Liguria and was sent to exile in 1831.
3) He found Young Italy in Marseilles and Young Europe in Berne.These were underground societies whose members were young men from Poland, France,Italy and German states.
4)Mazzini opposed the evil powers of monarchy and wanted democratic republic to set up.
5)Mazzini wanted to forge all small states and kingdoms into one unified nation.

• Lencho’s crops had failed that year and he had only a single hope i.e. God!

• He wrote a letter to God “God, my crops have failed and my family is going to starve. I need some money- hundred pesos.”

• At the post office, the postmen saw such a queer letter and brought it to the postmaster.

• The postmaster was a man of sympathy and understand a man like Lencho.

• Postmaster observed that faith of Lencho was strong as a child’s so he decided to send an amount of hundred pesos to the poor farmer.

• Hundred pesos was a huge amount, the postmaster was able to collect only seventy pesos. However, he sent the money to Lencho.

• Lencho received the money with a belief that God had helped him.

• Lencho was sad and angry after counting the money as he received only seventy instead of hundred.

• Lencho wrote another letter to God and dropped the letter in the same postbox and went.

• The postmaster felt the biggest shock and shame in his life after opening Lencho’s second letter to God.

• Lencho had written, “God, of the money that I had asked for, only seventy pesos reached me. Send me the rest, since I need it very much. But don’t send it to me through the post because the post office employees are a bunch of thieves. Lencho.”
 

1. Convenience of online shopping:Customers can purchase items from the comfort of their own homes or work place. Shopping is made easier and convenient for the customer through internet. It is also easy to cancel the transactions.

2. No pressure shopping:Generally, in physical stores, the sales representatives try to influence the buyers to buy the product. There can be some kind of pressure, whereas the customers are not pressurized in any way in online stores.

3. Online shopping saves time: Customers do not have to stand in queues in cash counters to pay for the products that have been purchased by them. They can shop from their home or work place and do not have to spend time traveling. 

4. Comparisons:Companies display the whole range of products offered by them to attract customers with different tastes and needs. This enables the buyers to choose from a variety of models after comparing the finish, features and price of the products on display, Sometimes, price comparisons are also available online.

5. Availability of online shop: The mall is open on 365 x 24 x 7. So, time does not act as a barrier, wherever the vendor and buyers are.

6. Online tracking: Online consumers can track the order status and delivery status tracking of shipping is also available.

7. Online shopping saves money:

The revolutionaries were the nationalists who believed in “revolutionary methods” (The use of violence to make a radical change) within society necessary to over throw British rule. Most of the radicals followed the revolutionary methods such as;

1. Large public meetings and demonstrations.
2. Advocating Swaraj: To fight for swaraj, the revolutionaries advocated mass mobilisation and boycott of British institutions and goods.

Jharkhand state is rich in mineral resources. However, it is economically backward because   (a) It was originally mostly populated by tribals who were uneducated.   (b) Due to the rocky terrain, there is very little agricultural land.   (c) Lack of industrial development in earlier times compared with the rest of India.   The Mumbai region of Maharashtra state is poor in natural resources, but is highly economically developed due to the following reasons   (a) It is the commercial hub of India with the maximum amount of local, national and international trade transactions taking place in India.   (b) It has a large number of industries established from a number of years.   (c) It has a very efficient transportation system for people and materials.   (d) The people living and working there are well-educated and earning the maximum compared to any other area in India.

The revolutionaries were the nationalists who believed in “revolutionary methods” (The use of violence to make a radical change) within society necessary to over throw British rule. Most of the radicals followed the revolutionary methods such as;

1. Large public meetings and demonstrations.
2. Advocating Swaraj: To fight for swaraj, the revolutionaries advocated mass mobilisation and boycott of British institutions and goods.

Oersted showed that electricity and magnetism are related to each other.His research later used in radio, television etc.
The unit of magnetic field strength is named Oersted in his honour.

1. On the basis of your reading of the passage, answer any four of the following questions in about 30-40 words each.

(i) According to the passage, what are the attributes of a human?

(ii) What is perceived as grit?

 (iii) How is ‘failing’ an educational and empowering part of human life?

(iv) In what ways can grit be developed?

(v) How does mindfulness help?

2. On the basis of your reading of the passage, answer any four of the following:    

(i) While inventing the light bulb, Thomas Edison had failed ……………

(a) 1000 times    (b) 10000 plus times   (c) 1000 plus times   (d) 10000 times

 (ii) Failure is a part of life.

(a)normal           (b) common                 (c) human                  (d) ordinary

(iii) In paragraph 2,………..means continue.

(a) robots            (b) satisfied                 (c) persevere              (d) flourishing

(iv) In paragraph 3, the synonym of distressing is ………….

(a) embarrassing (b) scariest               (c) agonizing              (d) failing

(v)…………..helps in preventing individuals from going down the lines of despair.

(a) success            (b) fear                        (c) doubt                     (d) mindfulness

Answers

1.(i) According to the passage, grit, curiosity, gratitude, optimism, self-control, social intelligence and zest are the attributes of a human.

(ii) The tendency to persevere and keep going is perceived as grit.

(iii) Failing teaches us how to be perseverant and keep going for our goals. Each failure makes us understand what to do and what not.

(iv) Grit can be developed by not accepting defeat. Instead, we should make efforts to overcome our limitations, and not stay down.

(v) Mindfulness is a practice that helps the individual stay at the moment by bringing awareness of his or her experience without judgement. This practice is a technique that many have used to quiet the noise of their fears and doubts.

2. (i) (c) 1000 plus times

(ii) (c) human

(iii) (c) persevere

(iv) (c) agonizing

(v) (d) mindfulness

• A political party contests elections by putting up candidates.
• In countries like the USA, the candidates are selected by members and supporters of a party.
• On the other hand, in countries like India, the candidates are chosen by top party leaders.
• Every party has different policies and programmes. Voters make a choice in accordance with the policies and programmes liked by them.
• In a democratic country, a large group of people that has certain similar opinions group together and form a party. Then then, give a direction to the policies adopted by the government.
• Those parties which lose elections form the opposition. They voice different views and criticise the government for their failures and mobilize opposition to the government.
• Political parties shape public opinion. With the help of the pressure groups, the parties launch movements for solving problems faced by the people.
• Parties even offer access to government machinery and welfare schemes. The local party leader serves as a  link between the citizen and the government officer.

The purpose of an offline blog editor is to create blog and publish the content whenever internet connectivity is available.

They publish the blog written automatically on the internet domain when you connect to a internet connection.

More employment in rural areas can be created by taking following steps:

1. Farmers should diversify agriculture and adopt horticulture, animal rearing, organic farming, pisciculture besides farming.

2. Government should take necessary steps to provide loans to farmers at cheaper rates and from formal sources of credit.

3. Creation of basic infrastructure facilities such as roads, transportation, market and banking will lead to creation of employment opportunities in rural areas.

4. Establishment and promotion of cottage and small scale industries will also increase employment opportunities in rural areas.

After the numerous arrivals of smart phones usage, chat applications could be seen anywhere. Some of the services are listed below.

1. WhatsApp – It has current users of 600 million users and the count is still increasing. The interface of the WhatsApp is clean and simple and can be utilized by all and in all age groups. Sharing photos, files, audios, videos are simple.
2. Facebook Messenger – The only way of using Messenger is chatting to friends who are logged in Facebook.  
3. Hike – This messaging app has a very beautiful interface.
4. Snap chat – It is free to use. Here the chat might disappear after 10 seconds.
5. Google Hangouts – It is used as a par with Gmail.