1. Aerobic Respiration — Takes place in the presence of oxygen.
2. Anaerobic Respiration –Takes place in the absence of oxygen.

The bangle-makers lead their life in utter miseries and grinding poverty. They could never prosper working in this industry. In her lesson, the writer points out that the bangle-makers of Firozabad live in the state of grinding poverty. These people are burdened the stigma of caste in which they are born. Following are the difficulties, faced by the bangle makers of Firozabad : They work in the dingy cells without air and light. They work in high temperatures in front of hot furnaces. Dust from polishing bangles affect their eyes and sometimes causes blindness.

In The Portrait of a Lady’ Khushwant Singh draws a pen-picture of his grandmother. He describes how he spent his childhood with her in the village. He also describes the changes that came in their relationship in the city. Ultimately, he describes the moving scene of her death.

Homologous Series

• A series of carbon compounds in which same functional group substitutes the hydrogen atom is called a homologous series.
• These compounds have similar chemical properties due to the addition of same kind of functional group throughout the chain.
• For example, the series of alkanes i.e. Methane, ethane, propane, butane and so on is a homologous series.

Flow of control through any given function is implemented with three basic types of control structures:

• Sequential: default mode. Sequential execution of code statements (one line after another) -- like following a recipe
• Selection: used for decisions, branching -- choosing between 2 or more alternative paths. In C++, these are the types of selection statements:
  • if
  • if/else
  • switch
• Repetition: used for looping, i.e. repeating a piece of code multiple times in a row. In C++, there are three types of loops:
  • while
  • do/while
  • for

Italy was divided into smaller kingdoms namely Sardinia, Lombardy, Venetia and Sicily. Among these, Sardinia was the most powerful one. The Papal states, comprising Rome and Central Italy were under the Pope.Cavour was able to annex the kingdoms of Parma, Lombardy, Modena, Tuscany and parts of the Papal states in 1859. A bold sailor called Giuseppe Garibaldi annexed the rest of the territories of Naples. Venetia, which was under Austria was ceded to Italy by Austria in 1866 when Austria was weakened by the Prussian war. Rome refused to become part of the Italian state. In 1870, Prussia attacked France and the Pope stopped getting support from the French king. Rome was forcibly entered into and occupied by the Italians. Finally, the state of Italy emerged as an independent nation state in 1871 with Victor Emmanuel as the king.

The bottom row keys are the ten keys found below the home row keys on a QWERTY US keyboard. The bottom row keys include the Z, X, C, V, and B keys for the left hand and N, M, comma, period, and forward slash keys for the right hand.

We know that in a triangle, sum of the angles = 180°

A+B+C = 180 → (1)
sin 30 

cos45 
So,
sin (A+B-C) = sin 30

A+B-C = 30 → (2)

And

cos (B+C-A) = cos 45

B+C-A = 45 → (3)

On solving equation (1) and (2), we get,  

A+B+C-A-B+C = 180-30 = 150

2C = 150

C = 75°

Substituting C=75 in equation (2), we get,

A+B-75 = 30

A+B = 105 → (4)

Also, substituting in equation (3), we get,

B+75-A =45

A-B = 30 → (5)

Adding equations (4) and (5), we get,

2A = 135 → A = 67.5°

B = A-30 = 67.5 - 30 = 37.5°

Therefore, A=67.5°; B=37.5°; and C=75°

While describing the pitiable condition of the slum school children in Tyrol Valley, Spender points out that their slum dwellings are their narrow confines of foggy existence. They are devoid of education. The map on the wall, picture of Shakespeare and other gifts are meant for their temptation. They will urge them to steal rather than pave way to progress and education.

Meristematic tissues are growth tissues and found in the growing regions of the plant. According to their position in plant, meristems are apical, lateral and intercalary.

1. Apical meristem - Apical meristem is present at the growing tips of stems and roots and increases the length of the stem and the root.
2. Lateral meristem – Lateral meristems are found beneath the bark. The girth of the stem or root increases due to lateral meristem (cambium).
3. Intercalary meristem - Intercalary meristem is the meristem at the base of the leaves or internodes (on either side of the node) on twigs. It increases the length of the organs such as leaves and internodes.

William Douglas developed an aversion to water when he was three or four years old. He stood at a beach with his father when a wave Swept over him and knocked him down. He was buried under water and became breathless. He was petrified and developed a permanent fear for water.

Gandhiji demanded 50% refund from the British landlords in the form of repayment of money which the landlords had illegally and deceitfully extorted from the poor sharecroppers. Question 8. Answer: Gandhiji had asked the indigo planters for a 50 percent refund to the farmers but they offered only 25 percent.

Likewise, what was the long term contract between the sharecroppers and English landlords? The British landlords had entered into a long-term contract with the farmers according to which they compelled all tenants to plant 15% of their holdings with indigo. The sharecroppers had to surrender the entire indigo harvest as rent. Answer.

Also to know is, what was the condition of indigo sharecroppers?

The main problem of sharecroppers in Champaran was that all the tenants were forced and compelled to plant 15% of their holdings with Indigo. This has been a long-term contract between the British and the farmers. The sharecroppers, on the other hand, had to hand over the entire Indigo harvest as rent to the British.

Microsoft Drive Optimizer (formerly Disk Defragmenter) is a utility in Microsoft Windows designed to increase access speed by rearranging files stored on a disk to occupy contiguous storage locations, a technique called defragmentation. Defragmenting a disk minimizes head travel, which reduces the time it takes to read files from and write files to the disk.[1] Beginning with Windows XP, Microsoft Drive Optimizer also reduces system startup time.

Ordinary means usual, normal, or of no special quality.

Sometimes, the word is used in a negative way to mean somewhat inferior, below average, or just plain—in much the same way as the word mediocre.

Describing something as ordinary usually means that it’s very basic or commonplace—there’s nothing special or unusual about it. An ordinary day is one in which nothing unexpected happens.

You could describe a person as ordinary to mean that they’re normal, as in People treat me like a celebrity, but I’m just an ordinary guy. But using ordinary to describe a person can also be an insult, as in I don’t know what you see in him—he’s so ordinary.  

Ordinary can also be used as a noun (especially in the ordinary) referring to the common or usual state or condition. This is how the word is used in the phrase out of the ordinary, which means unusual, uncommon, or exceptional.

Example: He was so ordinary it was almost suspicious—no one’s that normal!

The parenchyma is widely distributed in plant body such as stem , roots, leaves, flowers and fruits.
The parenchyma tissue is found in the soft parts of the plants such as cortex of roots, ground tissue in stems & mesophyll of leaves.
It is also distributed in pith , medullary rays & packing tissue in xylem and phloem.
They forms the bulk of the plant body they are living and possesses the power of their division. Parenchyma cells have living Protoplasm.

A Mapped Diagnostic Context, or MDC in short, is an instrument for distinguishing interleaved log output from different sources. Log output is typically interleaved when a server handles multiple clients near-simultaneously. The MDC is managed on a per thread basis. MDC stands for Mapped Diagnostic Context, and is a feature that is offered by both plain Log4J and SLF4J with Logback or Log4J as the backing logging framework. It is a map that holds String values keyed by Strings, which is associated with the current thread (using a ThreadLocal).

railway, railway tracks, tickets,shop, shelter, ticketchecker, passengers, toilet, newspaper, notice board, etc are the things seen in railway station.