It is the declaration signed by world leaders in 1992 at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), which took place at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It aims at achieving global sustainable development. It is an agenda that aims at fighting against environmental damage, poverty, disease through global co-operation on common interests, mutual needs and shared responsibilities. One major objective of the Agenda 21 is that every local government should have its own local Agenda 21 to combat environmental degradation.

 Major problems caused by indiscriminate/excessive use of resources:-

•  Depletion of resources for satisfying the greed of few individuals.
•  Accumulation of resources in few hands divides the society into two segments i.e. haves and have nots or rich and poor.
•  Indiscriminate exploitation of resources has led to global ecological crises , such as global warming, ozone layer depletion, environmental pollution and land degradation.

Gullies: The running water cuts through the clayey soil and make deep channels is called gullies.

Over irrigation is responsible for land degradation due to water logging which leads to increase in salinity and alkalinity in the soil. Over-irrigation is a major problem in states of Haryana, Punjab and Western Uttar Pradesh but not in Rajasthan. Over irrigation is responsible for land degradation due to waterlogging which leads to increase in salinity and alkalinity in the soil.

Black soils are derivatives of trapped lava. These are found mostly across Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Madhya Pradesh on the Deccan plateau and the Malwa Plateau, where there is both moderate rainfall and underlying basaltic rock. This soil is best suitable for growing cotton.

Formerly known as the World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED), the mission of the Brundtland Commission is to unite countries to pursue sustainable development together. The Chairperson of the Commission, Gro Harlem Brundtland, was appointed by United Nations Secretary-General Javier Pérez de Cuéllar in December 1983. At the time, the UN General Assembly realized that there was a heavy deterioration of the human environment and natural resources. To rally countries to work and pursue sustainable development together, the UN decided to establish the Brundtland Commission. Gro Harlem Brundtland was the former Prime Minister of Norway and was chosen due to her strong background in the sciences and public health. The Brundtland Commission officially dissolved in December 1987 after releasing Our Common Future, also known as the Brundtland Report, in October 1987, a document which coined, and defined the meaning of the term "Sustainable Development".

Resource Planning. Resource planning refers to the strategy for planned and judicious utilisation of resources. Resource planning is essential for sustainable existence of all forms of life.
Resource planning is essential for India as there is enormous diversity in the availability of resources. For example the state of Rajasthan has vast potential for the development of solar and wind energy but is deficient in water resources.

Laterite soils are found in Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh and in the hilly areas of Odisha and Assam.
Chief characteristics:
1.Humus content of the soil is low because most of the microorganisms, particularly the decomposers like bacteria, get destroyed due to high temperature.
2.Laterite soils are suitable for cultivation with adequate doses of manures and fertilisers.

Over irrigation is responsible for land degradation due to water logging which leads to increase in salinity and alkalinity in the soil. Over-irrigation is a major problem in states of Haryana, Punjab and Western Uttar Pradesh but not in Rajasthan. Over irrigation is responsible for land degradation due to waterlogging which leads to increase in salinity and alkalinity in the soil.

Land is considered an important resource because it is being used by human beings for several purposes such as agriculture, forestry, mining, building houses and roads, and setting up industries. Also, it provides habitation to a variety of flora and fauna. Hence, it is among the most important natural resources. Land resources mean the resources available from the land, thus the agricultural land which contain natural fertilizer for growth of the products sown; the underground water, the various minerals like coal, bauxite, gold and other raw materials. Water resources are natural resources of water that are potentially useful. Uses of water include agricultural, industrial, household, recreational and environmental activities. All living things require water to grow and reproduce. Water occurs naturally in the environment and is useful to humans and other living organisms. Hence it is a natural resource.

Explanation:this is because water constitutes 2 molecules of hydrogen and 1 molecule water .so the amount of gas collected in the other test tube is double the amount of gas in the first test tube..

The gas is hydrogen gas.

A balanced chemical equation can provide the following information :

1. The reactants and products through their symbols and formulae.
2. The ratio of molecules of reactants and products.
3. As molecular masses are expressed in unified mass (u), the relative masses of reactants and products are known from the equation.
4. If the masses are expressed in grams then the equation also gives the molar ratios of reactants and products.
5. If gases are involved, we can equate their masses to their volumes and calcu-late the volumes or those gases liberated at given condition of temperature and pressure using molar mass and molar volume relationship.
6. Using molar mass and Avagadro’s number we can calculate the number of molecules and atoms of different substances from the equation.

Economic development is the growth of the standard of living of a nations people from a low-income (poor) economy to a high-income (rich) economy. When the local quality of life is improved, there is more economic development. When social scientists study economic development, they look at a lot of things. Economic development is a process of targeted activities and programs that work to improve the economic wellbeing and quality of life of a community by building local wealth, diversifying the economy, creating and retaining jobs, and building the local tax base.