NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Land Soil Water Natural Vegetation and Wild Life Resources

1. Answer the following questions.

(i) Which are the two main climatic factors responsible for soil formation?

Ans: The two main climatic factors responsible for soil formation are temperature and rainfall.

(ii) Write any two reasons for land degradation today.

Ans: Two factors contributing to land degradation are as mentioned below :

1. Deforestation.
2. Indiscriminate use of chemical fertilisers and pesticides in agricultural lands.

(iii) Why is land considered an important resource?

Ans: Land is considered as an important resource as it provides habitation to a wide variety of flora and fauna. Also used by Human beings for various purposes such as agriculture, forestry, mining, building houses and roads, and setting up industries.

(iv) Name any two steps that government has taken to conserve plants and animals.

Ans: The following steps are taken by the government to conserve plants and animals:
(i) It has set up national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and biosphere reserves for the protection of natural vegetation and wildlife. Example: the Kaziranga National Park in Assam.
(ii) It has banned the killing of tigers, deer, lions, peacocks and Indian bustards. It has also prohibited the trade of the species of plants and animals protected under the international agreement CITES(Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species).

(v) Suggest three ways to conserve water.

Ans: Three ways to conserve water:

(i) Rainwater harvesting- It is a process of storing rainwater in vessels of a big surface area.
(ii) Lining irrigation canals to avoid seepage of water.
(iii) Replenishing ground water by promoting afforestation.

2. Tick the correct answer.

(i) Which one of the following is NOT a factor of soil formation?
(a) time (b) soil texture (c) organic matter

Ans : (b) Soil texture is NOT a factor of soil formation

(ii) Which one of the following methods is most appropriate to check soil erosion on steep slopes?
(a) shelter belts (b) mulching (c) terrace cultivation

Ans : (c) Terrace cultivation is the most appropriate to check soil erosion on steep slopes.

(iii) Which one of the following is NOT in favour of the conservation of nature?
(a) switch off the bulb when not in use
(b) close the tap immediately after use
(c) dispose polybags after shopping

Ans :  (c) Dispose polybags after shopping is NOT in favour of the conservation of nature.

3. Match the followings.

Ans.

4. State whether the given statement is true or false. If true, write the reasons.

(i) Ganga–Brahmaputra plain of India is an overpopulated region.

Ans: This statement is true. The Ganga-Brahmaputra plain has even topography and highly fertile soil. Hence, it can support a huge population.

(ii) Water availability per person in India is declining.

Ans: This statement is true. Though water is present in abundance, fresh water is a scarce resource. The population of India has been growing. Hence, water availability per person is declining. Water availability is a serious problem in many regions of the world. Due to the wastage of water, deforestation, and the pollution and depletion of fresh water reserves (such as rivers and ground water), the availability of water is fast declining.

(iii) Rows of trees planted in the coastal areas to check the wind movement is called inter cropping.

Ans:This statement is false. The described process is called shelter belts.
Inter cropping is the process in which different crops are grown in alternate rows, and are sown at different times to protect the soil from rain wash.

(iv) Human interference and changes of climate can maintain the ecosystem.

Ans: This statement is false. Human interference and climatic changes for the most part adversely affect the balance of the ecosystem thereby creating imbalance in the ecosystem.

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science

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