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The World Bank or the IBRD, in its WDR (World Development Report) has classified countries into three categories based on PCI :- 1) Rich income country = PCI > US $12056. 2) Low income country = PCI < US $955. 3) Middle income country = PCI b/w US $955 & US $12056.

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How allegories were used for visualizing a nation?

Posted by K K 4 years, 5 months ago

CBSE > Class 10 > Social Science

1 answers

Adithya Dev A 4 years, 5 months ago

Since the eighteenth century, several poets and artisans had started developing an idea of visualizing a nation as if it was a person. They felt that personifications of a nation helps in inculcating a sense of common identity, of a collective heritage among the Europeans, be it even illiterates. They believed that it makes the people feel that there is some sort of similarities among them through symbols of their cultural aspirations. Thereafter, ALLEGORIES have been used to personify the nation.

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How was Britain made into a nation State?

Posted by K K 4 years, 5 months ago

CBSE > Class 10 > Social Science

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Adithya Dev A 4 years, 5 months ago

Unlike Germany and Italy, Britain's nation making process had not been drawn out through sudden upheavels and revolts, rather it was the result of a long drawn out process in which the key role was played by the English Parliament. Before the first half of the eighteenth century, ther had been no country in Europe named Britain. Rather, it was simply a group of islands which had various ethnic groups such as English, Scot, Welsh and Irish who differed in cultural and political traditions. It was the English Parliament which overthrew the English Monarchy in 1688 and acted as a weapon in forging nationalism among the English men. Under the guidance of the English Parliament, the Act of Union was signed between English and Scot men in 1707 which established English domination over the Scot. This was the same reason why the English Parliament was dominated by English men. This led to the formation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain. The English men, through the Act, had not only established political and social dominance over the Scots, especially the Catholics in the Scottish Highlands, but culturally and traditionally also. The Scottish Highlanders were not allowed to use their ancient Gaelic language, wear their traditional costumes or even enjoy their cultural rights. The English then targeted on the Irish soil which was dominated by Catholics and Protestants. The English men tactfully mobilised popular support among the Protestants and supported them in suppressing the Catholics. After a failed revolt by Wolfe Tone' and his Irish men (1798), the English men finally merged the Irish land to the British nation in 1801. Even after unification, the English men adopted several measures to unify the nation internally like "God Save The Noble King" (National Anthem), modern English language and Union Jack, the British Flag.

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Describe the stages of Italian Unification.

Posted by K K 4 years, 5 months ago

CBSE > Class 10 > Social Science

1 answers

Adithya Dev A 4 years, 5 months ago

Like Germany too, Italy had a pretty long history of political fragmentation. Before unification, Italy was divided into seven states out of which only the Sardinia - Piedmont province was under the Italian princely house. The rest ie, the Northern states, Central states and Southern states were under the Austrian Habsburg Empire, Pope and Spanish Bourbon family of kings respectively. The complete process of Italian unification began right in the 1830s when Giuseppe Mazzini, an Italian Revolutionary, built a coherent programme visualizing his dream of the Unified Italian Republic. However, failed revolutions in 1831 and 1848 now meant that the mantle of Italian unification now fell upon the crown of King Victor Emanual II, the ruler of Sardinia Piedmont province. Then, the prosperous middle class elite in the province believed that Unification would help establish political dominance and possible economic development. Thus, Count Camillo de' Cavour was declared the leader of the unification movement who was just like any other prosperous member of middle class elite yet, a tactful diplomatic politician. Using a tactful diplomatic alliance with France engineered by Cavour, they defeated the Austrian forces in 1859. Just a few months later, Giuseppe Garibaldi and his popular "Red Shirts" (Expendition of 300, 000) joined the fray. They marched to Southern Italy and successfully mobilised popular support among peasants to drive off the Spanish forces in 1860. Finally, in 1861, King Victor Emanuel II was declared king of United Italy and Rome, its capital.

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. Describe the stages of German unification.

Posted by K K 4 years, 5 months ago

CBSE > Class 10 > Social Science

2 answers

Adithya Dev A 4 years, 5 months ago

Stage - 2 = Finally, armed forces were called in and the parliament was forcefully disbanded. This liberal initiative of nation building had been literally, suppressed by combined forces of Prussian monarchy, military and large landowners in the countryside of Prussia known as Junkers. Since then, Prussia took over the movement of German Unification. Otto Von Bismarck, the chief minister of Prussia was declared the leader of this movement with guaranteed support of Prussian monarchy and military. Three wars over seven years with Austria, Denmark and France finally led to Prussian victory and German unification.

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Adithya Dev A 4 years, 5 months ago

Stage - 1 = In 1848, several political associations from across the German confederation of 39 states whose members were prosperous artisans, merchants, traders and businessmen met at the German city of Frankfurt and decided to vote for an all - German national assembly. As a result, 831 elected representives from all across the confederation marched in a festive procession to the Church of St. Paul where the popular Frankfurt Parliament was convened. It was formed at the objective of framing a democratic constitution for German confederation which emphasized on a monarchy subject to the parliament. However, when the Deputies offered the crown to Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm - IV, he refused to accept it and joined other conservatives in opposing the parliament. As it constituted only of the educated middle class representatives, the demands of poor peasants and artisans were not accepted and thus, the social base of the parliament started eroding.

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What is meant by the Revolution of the Liberals or significance of Frankfurt parliament?

Posted by K K 4 years, 5 months ago

CBSE > Class 10 > Social Science

1 answers

Adithya Dev A 4 years, 5 months ago

In 1848, several political associations from across the German confederation of 39 states whose members were prosperous artisans, merchants, traders and businessmen met at the German city of Frankfurt and decided to vote for an all - German national assembly. As a result, 831 elected representives from all across the confederation marched in a festive procession to the Church of St. Paul where the popular Frankfurt Parliament was convened. It was formed at the objective of framing a democratic constitution for German confederation which emphasized on a monarchy subject to the parliament. However, when the Deputies offered the crown to Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm - IV, he refused to accept it and joined other conservatives in opposing the parliament. As it constituted only of the educated middle class representatives, the demands of poor peasants and artisans were not accepted and thus, the social base of the parliament started eroding. Finally, armed troops were called in and the parliament was forcefully disbanded.

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What was the significance of the revolt of Silesian weaves?

Posted by K K 4 years, 5 months ago

CBSE > Class 10 > Social Science

1 answers

Sia ? 4 years, 5 months ago

The cause of the Silesian weaver's uprising was the cheating of the weavers by the contractors. In 1845, the weavers raised a revolt against the contractors who used to supply them raw material to weave textiles in finished form. The contractors drastically reduced their payments.

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How did Romantic Imagination help in the formation of Nation state?

Posted by K K 4 years, 5 months ago

CBSE > Class 10 > Social Science

1 answers

Adithya Dev A 4 years, 5 months ago

1) Criticism against science = Romantic poets and nationalists strongly criticised the ideas of science and reasoning and stressed on the ideas of emotion, intuition and mystic feelings. 2) Folklore = Other Romantic nationalists emphasized the importance of folklore. For example, the German philosopher Johann Gottfried Herder once claimed that true German culture, if discovered by common people (DAS VOLK) through folklore, folk poetry, folksongs and folkdance, would help revive the true spirit of the nation (VOLKSGEIST). 3) Emphasis of Vernacular Language = They highlighted on the importance of Vernacular language which they considered not only helped recover ancient national spirit but also spread the idea of nation state among the illiterate population.

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Who said "When France sneezes, the rest of Europe catches cold" prove this with two examples.

Posted by K K 4 years, 5 months ago

CBSE > Class 10 > Social Science

2 answers

Adithya Dev A 4 years, 5 months ago

1) Spread of French nationalism and Development of new Jacobin clubs across Europe taking inspiration from the actual Jacobin club set up by Maximilian Robespierre during the French revolution. 2) Struggle of Belgium to detach from the Kingdom of Netherlands after the French July revolution of 1830.

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Adithya Dev A 4 years, 5 months ago

Duke Metternich.

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Reduction number and oxidation number Values kaise nikaalte hain?

Posted by Vanshita Mahar 4 years, 5 months ago

CBSE > Class 10 > Science

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Adithya Dev A 4 years, 5 months ago

Take a metal and a non metal say, sodium and oxygen, respectively. In order to attain stable configuration, an Na atom would have to lose an electron ie, form an Na+ ion. Here, +1 is reduction number. In order to attain stable configuration, an O2 atom would have to gain two electrons to form an O2- ion. Here, -2 is oxidation number.

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रवि और रोहन में गहरी मित्रता थी का पद परिचय दीजिए

Posted by Happy Gujjar 4 years, 5 months ago

CBSE > Class 10 > हिंदी ब

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A convex mirror used for rear view on an automobile has a radius of curvature of 3.00m .If a bus is located at 5.00m from the mirror find the position, nature and size of the image??

Posted by Riya Panchal 4 years, 5 months ago

CBSE > Class 10 > Science

1 answers

Ashish Kumar Jha 4 years, 5 months ago

Radius is 3m so f=+1.5 Since focal length is half of radius of curvature. Also f for convex mirror is positive Now u = -5 Put the value of f and u in mirror formula along with sign. You will get the answer. The image will be virtual and erect For size use formula for magnification Magnification = -v/u= height of image/height of object Hope it helps

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science has proceeded without any regard for the sanctity of life. how is this observation justified with regard to the central character and theme of the chapter footprint without feet

Posted by Saliq Hilal 4 years, 5 months ago

CBSE > Class 10 > English Language and Literature

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Who were Revolutionaries? Who was their leader? Which societies did he form?

Posted by K K 4 years, 5 months ago

CBSE > Class 10 > Social Science

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Adithya Dev A 4 years, 5 months ago

After enforcement of Vienna Treaty in 1815, the conservatives grew rapidly in power and popularity and thus, most of the liberal nationalists were forced to go into hiding. Gradually, some among them started feeling that conservatism has to be forcefully suppressed and the present pace of spread of liberalist ideology would not be enough to suppress them. So, they started adopting REVOLUTIONARY ideologies and started forming secret societies to spread revolutionary nationalism. They believed that Revolutionarism meant solemn commitment towards driving off conservative forces and ending all kinds of autocratic and clerical privileges in Europe. These revolutionaries were led by an Italian revolutionary named in GIUSEPPE MAZZINI. They formed two secret societies like YOUNG ITALY in Marseilles and YOUNG EUROPE in Berne for the dissemination of his revolutionary goals.

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Who were conservatives?

Posted by K K 4 years, 5 months ago

CBSE > Class 10 > Social Science

1 answers

Unnati Sharma 4 years, 5 months ago

Conservatives tend to reject behavior that does not conform to some social norm. Modern conservative parties often define themselves by their opposition to liberal or labor parties. The United States usage of the term "conservative" is unique to that country.

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What were the provisions of the Vienna congress?

Posted by K K 4 years, 5 months ago

CBSE > Class 10 > Social Science

2 answers

K K 4 years, 5 months ago

Thank you sooooooooooooo much for this answer

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Adithya Dev A 4 years, 5 months ago

The main aim of the Vienna Congress of 1815 was reestablishing peace and order in Europe by reversing all the changes brought in during the Napoleonic wars in Europe. Some among the main features of the Vienna Treaty of 1815 :- 1) Restoration of Bourbon dynasty in Europe. 2) New states were established to prevent future French expansion. 3) Kingdom of Netherlands was set up in the north and Genoa was added to Piedmont in the South. 4) Russia was given a part of Poland and Prussia was given a part of Saxony. 5) Prussia was given Western frontiers and Austria was given Northern Italy.

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What was zollverein? What were its significance?

Posted by K K 4 years, 5 months ago

CBSE > Class 10 > Social Science

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Sia ? 4 years, 5 months ago

(a) In 1834, a customs union or zollverein was formed at the initiative of Prussia. It was joined by most of the German States.

(b) The aim of zollverein was to bind the Germans economically into a nation. The Union abolished the tariff barriers and reduced the number of currencies from over thirty to only two.

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What did Liberalism mean in political and economic field?

Posted by K K 4 years, 5 months ago

CBSE > Class 10 > Social Science

1 answers

Sia ? 4 years, 5 months ago

Politically, liberalism stood for (i) Constitution; (ii) a representative government ruling by consent; (iii) a parliamentary system and; (iv) ownership of private property; (v) end of the privileges of aristocracy. Drawback over that it did not grant equal rights to men and women,women had to struggle for their political rights.
Economically, liberalism stood for (i) Freedom of markets; (ii) End of state restrictions on movement of goods and capital; (iii) A customs union or Zollverein was formed by Prussia in 1834, which many German states joined (iv) This union reduced the number of currencies from over thirty to two and abolished tariff barriers; (v) A network of railways led to great mobility and gave an impetus to national unity. It boosted economic nationalism.

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What measures were taken by the revolutionary govt. (Napoleon) to spread Nationalism in Europe? What were the reactions of the local people?

Posted by K K 4 years, 5 months ago

CBSE > Class 10 > Social Science

1 answers

Sia ? 4 years, 5 months ago

Napoleon set about introducing many of the reforms that he had already introduced in France. Through a return to monarchy Napoleon had, no doubt, destroyed democracy in France, but in the administrative field he had incorporated revolutionary principles in order to make the whole system more rational and efficient. Napoleon simplified administrative divisions, abolished the feudal system and freed peasants from serfdom and manorial dues. In the towns too, guild restrictions were removed. Transport and communication systems were improved. Peasants, artisans, workers and new businessmen and small-scale producers of goods, in particular, began to realize that uniform laws, standardized weights and measures, and a common national currency would facilitate the movement and exchange of goods and capital from one region to another.
The reactions of the local populations to French rule were mixed. Initially, in many places such as Holland and Switzerland, as well as in certain cities like Brussels, Mainz, Milan and Warsaw, the French armies were welcomed as harbingers of liberty. But the initial enthusiasm soon turned to hostility, as it became clear that the new administrative arrangements did not go hand in hand with political freedom. Increased taxation, censorship, forced conscription into the French armies required to conquer the rest of Europe.

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What measures were taken by the revolutionary govt. in France to create a collective identity amongst the French people

Posted by K K 4 years, 5 months ago

CBSE > Class 10 > Social Science

1 answers

Rebu Do 4 years, 5 months ago

Establishment of uniform measure. Idea of la patrie and la cityons. Established French as a national language Established hyms New french flag

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What is a Nation-State

Posted by K K 4 years, 5 months ago

CBSE > Class 10 > Social Science

1 answers

Adithya Dev A 4 years, 5 months ago

Nation state is a concept wherein majority of people, apart from the rulers, develop a sense of common identity in them and share common history. It supported development of Democratic governments.

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What is meant by absolutist.

Posted by K K 4 years, 5 months ago

CBSE > Class 10 > Social Science

1 answers

Santosh Ram 4 years, 5 months ago

Absolulist means the political theory in which a person has complete power in his hand to take any decisions.

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Which two countries are leading the procession in Sorrieu painting and why.

Posted by K K 4 years, 5 months ago

CBSE > Class 10 > Social Science

2 answers

Adithya Dev A 4 years, 5 months ago

As both the countries have already succeeded in becoming nation states and are on the track of Development in 1848.

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Adithya Dev A 4 years, 5 months ago

USA and Switzerland.

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What is the full form of NGO ??

Posted by Vedant Salve 4 years, 5 months ago

CBSE > Class 10 > Social Science

2 answers

Rupesh Kumar Yadav 4 years, 5 months ago

The full form of NGO is Non Governmental organisation

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Adithya Dev A 4 years, 5 months ago

Non Governmental Organisation.

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Solve the following equation in pair of linear equation by elimination method 5x-8y=11 & -10x+6y=-22

Posted by Aakanksha Gupta 4 years, 5 months ago

CBSE > Class 10 > Mathematics

2 answers

Aakanksha Gupta 4 years, 5 months ago

Thanks for give the answer

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Rebu Do 4 years, 5 months ago

First multiply eq 1 by 10 i.e 50x - 80y = 110 And eq2 by 5 i.e -50x + 30y =-110 Now 50x - 80y = 110 -50x+30y = -110 ------------------ 0x -50y = 0 ------------------- -50y = 0 Y =0 For x put the value of y in eq -1 50x-80×0 = 110 50x=110 X=110/50 X= 2.2

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Why respiration considered an exothermic reaction

Posted by Pratik Kumar 4 years, 5 months ago

CBSE > Class 10 > Science

3 answers

Sanskar Shukla 4 years, 5 months ago

During respiration our body's glucose gets react to oxygen to form CO2 ans h2o with heat energy as in photosynthesis co2 ,h20 and heat reacts to form c6h12o6 and co2 that's why respiration is known as exothermic reaction as well as the opposite of photosynthesis

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Jasleen Gill 4 years, 5 months ago

Respiration is considered as an exothermic reaction because energy is released in this process. Glucose combines with oxygen present in our cells to form CO2 and H2O along with energy.

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Rajiv Maan 4 years, 5 months ago

Carbohydrates present in food are broken down to form glucose. This glucose combine with oxygen in the cells of our body and provides energy. This reaction is known as respiration, hence, it is considered as an exothermic reaction.

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Difference between individual and community

Posted by Debashrita Biswas 4 years, 5 months ago

CBSE > Class 10 > Social Science

1 answers

Rebu Do 4 years, 5 months ago

Individual means the person and a thing .etc that belong to a particular person . And . Community resources the belongs to a particular group , organization. Etc .

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Please give me notes of mathematics

Posted by Dhruv Jaiswal 4 years, 5 months ago

CBSE > Class 10 > Mathematics