Belgium constitution has been amended many times to protect the rule of the central government.

 In order to save the government rule, the power was shared equally between state and central government.

French and Dutch minister were given equal representation in the central government.

Most of the powers in the central government were given to the state government state was not subordinate to the central.

Homologous organs are defined as the organs of different animals that are having a similar structure but differ in their functions.

Example of homologous organs are the forelimbs of frog, man, and the flippers of the whale. The structure of these animals are the same but the functions are different.

The flippers are used for swimming, the forelimbs of frogs are used for jumping and propping, and the forelimbs of man are used for writing, eating, holding things, etc. Having a similar structure shows that all these animals have a common ancestor.

Egg shell is made of calcium carbonate. We know that when calcium carbonate reacts with nitric acid, it gives carbon dioxide, calcium nitrate and water. Same reaction happens when nitric acid is poured over egg shell. Upon mixing of concentrated hydrochloric acid and concentrated nitric acid, chemical reactions occur. These reactions result in the volatile products nitrosyl chloride and chlorine gas:

HNO₃ (aq) + 3 HCl (aq) → NOCl (g) + Cl₂ (g) + 2 H₂O. as evidenced by the fuming nature and characteristic yellow color of aqua regia.

Nutrition in Human Beings (Complex Multicellular Animal):

• The various organs of the human digestive system in sequence are: Mouth, Oesophagus (Food pipe), Stomach, Small intestine and Large intestine.

• The glands which are associated with the human digestive system are: Salivary glands, Liver and Pancreas.

The various steps of nutrition in human beings are as follows:

1. Ingestion:

• In human beings, food is ingested through the mouth. The food is put into the mouth with the help of hands.

2. Digestion:

• The digestion of food begins in the mouth itself.

• The teeth cut the food into small pieces, chew and grind it. (Physical digestion)

• The salivary glands in our mouth produce saliva (watery liquid) which contains an enzyme salivary amylase which digests the starch (carbohydrate) present in the food into sugar. (Chemical digestion)

• Our tongue helps in mixing this saliva with food.

• The digestion of food remains incomplete in mouth.

3. Oesophagus:

• The slightly digested food in the mouth is swallowed by the tongue and goes down the food pipe called oesophagus.

• When the slightly digested food enters the food pipe, the walls of food pipe start contraction and expansion movements called as peristaltic movement.

• This peristaltic movement of food pipe pushes the slightly digested into the stomach.

4. Stomach:

• The stomach is a J-shaped organ present on the left side of the abdomen.

• The stomach walls contain s three tubular glands in it walls which secrete gastric juice.

• The gastric juice contains three substances: Hydrochloric acid, the enzyme pepsin and mucus.

• The hydrochloric creates an acidic medium which facilitates the action of the enzyme pepsin i.e. digestion of protein.

• The mucus helps to protect the stomach wall from its own secretions of hydrochloric acid.

• The partially digested food then goes from the stomach into the small intestine.

5. Small intestine:

• • From the stomach, the partially digested food enters the small intestine.

  • The small intestine is the largest part (about 6.5m) of the alimentary canal.

  • The small intestine is very narrow and arranged in the form of a coil in our belly.

  • The small intestine in human beings is the site of complete digestion of food (like carbohydrates, proteins and fats)

  • The small intestine receives the secretion of two glands: Liver and Pancreas.

  • Liver secretes bile (greenish yellow liquid made in the liver and stored in gall bladder).

  • Bile performs two functions:

    1. Makes the acidic food coming from the stomach alkaline so that pancreatic enzymes can act on it.

    2. Bile salts break the fats present in the food into small globules making it easy for the enzymes to act and digest them.

  • The pancreas secretes pancreatic juice which contains enzymes like pancreatic amylase for breaking down starch, trypsin for digesting proteins and lipase for breaking down emulsified fats.

  • The walls of the small intestine contain glands which secretes intestinal juice. The enzymes present in it finally convert the proteins into amino acids, complex carbohydrates into glucose and fats into fatty acids and glycerol.

  • In this way the process of digestion converts the large and insoluble food molecules into small water soluble molecules.

6. Absorption:

• The small intestine is the main region for the absorption of digested food.

• The inner surface of the small intestine has numerous finger-like projections called villi which increase the surface area for rapid absorption of digested food.

• The digested food which is absorbed through the walls of the small intestine goes into our blood.

7. Assimilation: The blood carries digested and dissolved food to all the parts of the body where it becomes assimilated as part of the cells and is utilised for obtaining energy, building up new tissues and the repair of old tissues.

8. Egestion: The unabsorbed food is sent into the large intestine where more villi absorb water from this material.

The cause of refraction of light is that light travels with different speeds in different media. This Change in the speed of light when it moves from one medium to another causes it to bend.

The Federal Republic of Germany is located in the heart of Europe. The nation-state now known as Germany was first unified in 1871 as a modern federal state, the German Empire. According to one definition, "a nation state is a sovereign state of which most of its subjects are united also by factors which defined a nation such as language or common descent." ... A confederation, a league of sovereign states, which might or might not include nation-states. Japan is also traditionally seen as a good example of a nation-state, although Japan includes minorities of ethnically distinct Ryūkyū peoples, Koreans, Chinese, and on the northern island of Hokkaidō, the indigenous Ainu minority; see also Japanese Demographics .

In the initial phase of industrialisation, machines were not used by the industrialists on a large scale. Main reason was the abundance of human labour and high costs of purchase and maintenance of machines. This was the reason that even after James Watt improved the steam engine, it was slow to be accepted by the industrialists.

Women's economic empowerment refers to the ability for women to enjoy their right to control and benefit from the resources, assets, income and their own time, as well as the ability to manage risk and improve their economic status and well being. It is a woman who plays a dominant role in the basic life of a child. Women are an important section of our society. Education as means of empowerment of women can bring about a positive attitudinal change. It is therefore, crucial for the socio- economic and political progress of India. Women play a very vital role in human progress and have a significant place in the society. They are not at all inferior to men. They are capable of sharing all the responsibilities of life. ... The main responsibility of a woman is to preserve the human race.

liberals wanted rapid change in the society and revolutionaries wanted to respect the past an hence, need no change or some change if required.

In many parts of Rajasthan, rain water collected through rooftop harvesting is collected in large underground reservoirs, called tankas. Almost all households in Shillong in Meghalaya use rooftop rainwater harvesting to meet almost 20% of their total requirement of water.