The major organs or structures that coordinate digestion within the human body include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine, and liver.

Mouth- The mouth is a specialized organ for receiving food and breaking up large organic masses. In the mouth, food is changed mechanically by biting and chewing. Food is moistened by saliva. The saliva contains an enzyme called amylase, which digests starch into maltose. During chewing, the tongue moves food about and manipulates it into a mass called a bolus. The bolus is pushed back into the pharynx and is forced through the opening to the esophagus.

Esophagus- The bolus of food moves through the esophagus by peristalsis

Stomach - The stomach is an expandable pouch located high in the abdominal cavity. Layers of stomach muscle contract and churn the bolus of food with gastric juices to form a soupy liquid called chyme. The stomach stores food and prepares it for further digestion. In addition, the stomach plays a role in protein digestion. Gastric glands called chief cells secrete pepsinogen, which is converted to pepsin in the presence of hydrochloric acid. The pepsin then digests large proteins into smaller proteins called peptides. To protect the stomach lining from the acid stomach cells secretes mucus that lines the stomach cavity.

Small intestine: The chyme enters from stomach to the small intestine. The three parts of small intestine are duodenum,  jejunum and ileum. The inner surface of the small intestine contains numerous fingerlike projections called villi. Each villus has projections of cells called microvilli to increase the surface area.

Most chemical digestion takes place in the duodenum. In this region, enzymes digest nutrients into simpler forms that can be absorbed. Intestinal enzymes are supplemented by enzymes from the pancreas. In addition, bile enters the small intestine from the gall bladder to assist in fat digestion.

The enzymes functioning in carbohydrate digestion include amylase (for starch), maltase (for maltose), sucrase (for sucrose) and lactase (for lactose).

For fats, the principal enzyme is lipase. Before this enzyme can act, the large globules of fat must be broken into smaller droplets by bile.

Protein digestion is accomplished by several enzymes, including two pancreatic enzymes: trypsin and chymotrypsin. Peptides are broken into smaller peptides, and peptidases reduce the enzymes to amino acids.

Nucleases digest nucleic acids into nucleotides in the small intestine also.

The products of digestion enter cells of the villi, move across the cells, and enter blood vessels called capillaries. Diffusion accounts for the movement of many nutrients, but active transport is responsible for the movement of glucose and amino acids. The products of fat digestion pass as small droplets of fat into lacteals, which are branches of the lymphatic system.

Substances that have not been digested or absorbed then pass into the large intestine.

Large intestine - The large intestine's chief functions are to absorb water and to store, process, and eliminate the residue following digestion and absorption. The intestinal matter remaining after water has been reclaimed is known as feces. The feces are stored in the rectum and passed out through the **** to complete the digestion process.

Given: Two resistors with resistances R1=5ohm and R2=10ohm, V=6volt 

(a) For minimum current these two should be connected in series. For maximum current these two should be connected in parallel. 

(b)In series, 

Total resistance = 5+10 = 15ohms 

Therefore total current drawn = V/R = 6/15 = 0.4amps 

In parallel, 

Total resistance R is given as 1/R=1/R₁+1/R₂ 

1/R =1/5+1/10 

1/R=3/10 

R=10/3 ohm 

Therefore total current drawn by the circuit = V/R = 6/(10/3) =1.8amps. 

(i) Importance : Rubber is an important industrial raw material.
(ii) Geographical conditions : It is an equitable crop, which is grown in tropical and subtropical areas. It requires moist and humid climate with temperature above 25°C and rainfall above 200 cm.
(iii) Two rubber producing sates : It is mainly grown in Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Garo hills of Meghalaya.

Observation :

We see bubbles coming out vigorously with strong acids. This gas burn when we bring the candle to it .

Zinc also react with weak acids like acetic acid, but here gas formation is slow .

Oil seeds usually have two main uses: 

(i) They are used as a cooking medium as most of them are edible. For example, sunflower oil, coconut oil, etc. 

(ii) They are used for industrial purposes. For example, oil seeds are important raw materials for the production of soap, cosmetics, ointments, etc.

The groundnut production in Rajasthan was 1041.1 thousand tonnes in 2015-16. Other states are Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, West Bengal and Telangana.

Geographical conditions required for the cultivation of pulses :
(i) Pulses need less moisture and survive even in dry conditions.
(ii) Temperature is required from 25°C to 30°C.
(iii) Pulses grow well in the areas of 50-75 cm rainfall.
(iv) These can be grown on all types of soil but dry light soil is the best suited.

Pulses are mostly grown in rotation with other crops because:

(i) Pulses need less moisture and survive even in dry conditions. 

(ii) Being leguminous crops, all these crops help in restoring soil fertility by fixing nitrogen from the air. 

(iii) Major pulse producing states are: Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh.

A wire is stretched to increase its length by 5% calculate percentage change in its resistance

Let say Resistance of Wire = R

Length = L

Area = A

Resistivity = ρ

R = ρL/A

Volume = V = LA

wire is stretched to increase its length by 5%

New L = L + (5/100)L = 1.05L

Volume remains same

so new Area = V/1.05L  = A/1.05

New resistance = ρ 1.05L /(A/1.05)

New R = (ρL/A) * (1.05)²

New R = R * 1.05²

increase in R  = R * 1.05² - R   = R ( 1.05 + 1)(1.05 - 1)  = R(2.05)(0.05)

% increase in R = (R(2.05)(0.5)/R ) * 100   = 2.05 * 5 = 10.25 %

10.25 % increase in resistance

7x-2y=20          .... (1)

11x+15y = -23  .... (2)

Multiply equation (1) by 15 and (2) by 2, we get

105x - 30y = 300   ... (3)

22x  + 30y = -46   ... (4)

Adding (3) and (4), we get

127x = 254

→   x = 2

Substitute the value of x = 2 in (1), we get

7(2)-2y=20

→ 2y = -6

→   y = -3

Therefore x = 2 and y = -3.

The chemical equation for the reaction that takes place when Lead Nitrate and potassium iodide solution are mixed 

Pb(NO₃)₂ + 2KI → PbI₂ + 2KNO₃

Soil Erosion is the process that erodes, breaks or gradually diminishes things down. The process of erosion usually takes place on the surface of soil, rock, or dissolved material from one location on the Earth’s crust and with the help of the wind or water flow, it gets to settle down at another location.
Soil Erosion is one form of soil degradation. It occurs in almost all types of lands. Flowing water, rainwater, and the wind are the prime agents which cause a significant amount of soil loss each year. Too much of soil erosion causes serious loss of topsoil and also reduces crop production potential, lower surface water quality, and damaged drainage networks.

Belgium
1.They adopted a policy of power sharing.
2. They gave equal powers to all communities.. minor or major doesn’t matter
3.It solved the problem. 

SriLanka
1)They adopted a policy of Majoritarioism.
2) They gave preferences to the majority Sinhala group alone, disregarding the minority
3). It only increased the problem

We know, if A and B lies on circle and C is the centre of circle , then line joining of points A and B is intersected by Centre of circle.
e.g., O lies on midpoint of AB. means, we have to use midpoint section formula.

here, A (-1, y) and B(5,7) lies on circle with centre C(2,-3y) .
A--------------C------------------B
now, use midpoint section formula,
[if (x,y) is the midpoint of (x1,y1) and (x2, y2) then, x = (x1 + x2)/2 and y = (y1+y2)/2 ]
so, -3y = (y + 7)/2
=>-6y = y + 7
=> -7y = 7
=> y = -1

Let AB be the pole and BC be its shadow.

Given that AB/BC = 1/√3

Let ACB be the angle of elevation.

In triangle ABC,

X is equal to theta

tan x = AB/BC

tan x = 1/√3

tan x = tan 30

X = 30

Hence angle of elevation =30∘

Which portion of URL below records the directory or folder of desired resource:http://www.some store .com/firstfloor/shoes.htm
a. http
b. first floor
c. shoes.htm
d. www.some store.com

Answer : C

• http stands as a standard protocol
• WWW stands for sub domain
• Some store. Com stands for the domain and domain suffix
• Firstfloor stands for the directories
• Shoes.com stands for the web page.