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Gaurav Seth 5 years, 5 months ago
(i) Land reforms: collectivisation, consolidation of holdings, cooperation and abolition of zamindari.
(ii) Agricultural reforms: Green revolution and White revolution.
(iii) Land development programmes: Provision for crop insurance against drought, flood, cyclone, etc.
(iv) Establishment of Grameen banks, Cooperative societies and banks for providing loans.
(v) Issuing of Kisan Credit Card and Personal Accident Insurance Scheme, etc.
(vi) Special weather bulletins and agricultural programmes for farmers on radio and TV.
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DNA copying is an important phenomenon of reproduction through which the organisms pass on their characteristics to their offspring. It maintains the characteristics in different generations of the species. It also produces variations which are useful for the survival of species for long time.
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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 7 months ago
Economic growth is the increase in the inflation-adjusted market value of the goods and services produced by an economy over time. It is conventionally measured as the percent rate of increase in real gross domestic product, or real GDP.
Growth is usually calculated in real terms - i.e., inflation-adjusted terms – to eliminate the distorting effect of inflation on the price of goods produced. Measurement of economic growth uses national income accounting. Since economic growth is measured as the annual percent change of gross domestic product (GDP), it has all the advantages and drawbacks of that measure. The economic growth rates of nations are commonly compared using the ratio of the GDP to population or per-capita income.
The "rate of economic growth" refers to the geometric annual rate of growth in GDP between the first and the last year over a period of time. This growth rate is the trend in the average level of GDP over the period, which ignores the fluctuations in the GDP around this trend.
Posted by Abc Xyz 5 years, 7 months ago
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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 7 months ago
| Absolute Poverty |
Relative Poverty |
| Any person not in a position to obtain essential commodities like food, shelter and clothing are said to experience absolute poverty | Relative poverty does not concentrate on biological needs but rather makes a comparison between two people in the environment |
| Income Level is considered in Absolute Poverty | It is not considered when measuring relative poverty as a person will still be considered poor despite meeting his.her basic needs |
| The media in a democratic form of government is known as the fourth pillar of democracy as they watch the government’s every move and criticise it should any misstep is taken | The media is the mouthpiece of a dictatorial government. Regardless of what a dictator does, the media will only show what needs to be shown to the masses so that a cult of personality is always maintained. |
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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 7 months ago
Democracy, being based on the principle of equality is likely to promote greater social justice. Democratic laws work for the betterment of the people as a whole.
The ways in which democracies have been able to reduce inequality and poverty are
(i) Women have been given equal rights-like those of men in most of the democratic countries like India.
(ii) Special efforts have been made to uplift the weaker sections of the society (like the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes), so that they could live with dignity and honour.
(iii) Democracies everywhere try to provide a fair share to every citizen in the natural resources of the country.
(iv) In almost all democratic countries of the world, poor people are given many concessions but richer classes are made to pay more income tax.
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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 7 months ago
1. Democracy is the better form of government when compared with dictatorship or any other alternative.
2. We felt that democracy was better because of it:
I) Promotes equally among citizens;
II) Enhances the dignity of the individual;
III) Improves the quality of decision – making;
IV) Provides a method to resolve conflicts; and
V) Allows room to correct mistakes.
3. We face a dilemma: democracy is seen to be good in principle but felt to be not so good in its practice.
4. This dilemma invites us to think hard about the outcomes of the democracy.
5. Our interest in and fascination for democracy often push us into taking a position that democracy can address all socio-economic and political problem.
6. The first step towards thinking carefully about the outcomes of democracy is to recognise that democracy is just a form of government.
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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 7 months ago
Nelson Mandela joined the African National Congress because when he grew up he finds that the person like him which were his family we are also not free like him and he decided to complete his obligation for his family and also obligation for his people so for making his people free. He worked very hard for them sacrificed and join the African National Congress to boost up his process of making Africa free from discrimination.
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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 7 months ago
All organisms such as plants, animals, microorganisms and human beings interact with the non-living physical surroundings in an area called as the ecosystem.
There are two main components of an ecosystem which are in constant communication with each other. They are the biotic components and the abiotic components.
Biotic Components of Ecosystem
The living components of an ecosystem are called the biotic components. Some of these factors include plants, animals, as well as fungi and bacteria. These biotic components can be further classified, based on the energy requirement source. Producers, consumers, and decomposers are the three broad categories of biotic components.
- Producers are the plants in the ecosystem, which can generate their own energy requirement through photosynthesis, in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll. All other living beings are dependent on plants for their energy requirement of food as well as oxygen.
- Consumers include herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores. The herbivores are the living organisms that feed on plants. Carnivores eat other living organisms. Omnivores are animals that can eat both plant and animal tissue.
- Decomposers are the fungi and bacteria, which are the saprophytes. They feed on the decaying organic matter and convert this matter into nitrogen and carbon dioxide. The saprophytes play a vital role in recycling the nutrients so that the producers i.e. plants can use them once again.
Abiotic Components of Ecosystem
Abiotic components are the physical and/or the chemical factors that act on the living organisms at any part of their life. These are also called as the ecological factors. The physical and chemical factors are characteristic of the environment. Light, air, soil, and nutrients, etc. form the abiotic components of an ecosystem.
The abiotic factors vary from ecosystem to ecosystem. In an aquatic ecosystem, the abiotic factors may include water pH, sunlight, turbidity, water depth, salinity, available nutrients and dissolved oxygen. Similarly, abiotic factors in terrestrial ecosystems can include soil, soil types, temperature, rain, altitude, wind, nutrients, sunlight etc.
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