NCERT New Book Class 9 Social Science (2026-27)

The new book of class 9 Social Science has two parts. Part A comprises 9 chapters, whereas Part B has 7 chapters. This time, the big change in the NCERT new book of class 9 Social Science have two books only. Earlier, there were 4 separate books for History, Geography, Civics and Economics.

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List of Chapters in Class 9 Social Science New Book

Here is the list of chapters for the Part 1 book of NCERT New Book.

Part – 1

Chapter Name	Topics Included
Understanding Social Science	– Meaning, scope and relevance of Social Science – Understanding Social Science from an Indian perspective
Shaping of the Earth’s Surface	– Theory of plate tectonics Interior of the Earth – Role of weathering and erosion; agents of gradation – river, waves and currents, wind, glaciers, and underground water – Landforms and disasters: earthquakes, landslides, avalanches, Glacial Lake Outburst Flood (GLOF) and duststroms
Atmosphere and Climate	– Structure and composition; elements of weather and climate – Seasons of India and monsoons – Climate change – Floods – Carbon footprint
Early Humans and Beginning of Civilisation	– Cultural development from 2 million years ago – Early human history, periodisation: Archaeological ages – Who are human ancestors? – Palaeolithic hunter-gatherers and use of stone tools – Mesolithic transition to food production: Mesolithic sites and tools – Neolithic and the beginning of farming: Neolithic revolution domestication of plants and animals – Harappan and contemporary cultures – Mesopotamian, egyptian, and chinese civilisation
State and Society (upto 1000 CE)	– Vedic Age-geography; texts; rituals; political institutions, and social order – Administrative structure of early empires – Quest for knowledgeeducational heritage, institutions, knowledge traditions, and cultural practices – Traders and trade routes, guilds and merchants, crafts and industries
Democracy	– Meaning features and types of democracy – Roots of democracy in India – Challenges to democracy in India – Democratic systems in the world
Elections	– Factors of importance of elections – Electoral systems – Delimitation Commission – Election Commission of India and its role – Constituency, electoral rolls, enumerators – Party system in India
Building Blocks in Economics	– Scarcity of resources, opportunity cost and the need for making choice. What do economists do? – What to produce, how to produce, and for whom to produce? – Difference between market, centrally planned, and mixed economic systems – Welfare economy
The Price Puzzle: What Drives the Market	– Laws of demand and supply – Real-world deviations from textbook theory, such as in case of necessities, luxury goods, perishable items, and expectations – Some related concepts: price ceilings and market failures (externalities, information asymmetry, public goods)

Here is the list of chapters for the Part 2 NCERT New Book.

Part – 2

Chapter Name	Topics Included in NCERT New Book
Oceans and Life	– Introduction to ocean relief, movement of ocean waterwaves, tides and currents – Marine resources and their significance; open seas, navigation fishing, and livelihood concerns and challenges – Cyclones and Tsunamisearly warning systems International maritime rules and regulations
Life on Earth	– Biomes: Distribution and characteristics; biosphere reserves in India – Forest and ecotourism; forest dwellers, their livelihoods, and challenges – Forest and wildlife conservation – Government efforts to support forest dwellers
Resistance and Resilience (1000 CE–1700 CE)	– Safeguarding sovereignty: resistance, alliances and confederacies – Development of art and architecture, languages and literature – The Bhakti tradition – Forts and fortifications – Expansion of Indian economy and state
India and the World-I (1900 BCE-1200 CE)	– Trade and commerce with Mesopotamia, Greece, Roman Empire, China and Southeast Asia – Cultural Connections: Interactions with Greece and Rome, Central Asia, China, and Influence on South East Asia – Indian Knowledge Systems Medicine, Mathematics and Astronomy,Medicine, Religion
Authority	– Trade and commercetrade with Mesopotamia, Greece, Roman Empire, China and Southeast Asia – Cultural Connections: Interactions with Greece and Rome, Central Asia, China, and Influence on South East Asia – Indian Knowledge Systems Medicine, Mathematics and Astronomy,Medicine, Religion
From Ideas to Startups	– What is entrepreneurship and explain the resources required to start a business – Case studies of successful entrepreneurs – Creative destruction with examples – Start-up ecosystem in India. – Make in India initiative, role of MSMEs and the unorganised sector in India’s economic growth. – Stages of starting and executing a business idea through a business plan – Some basic accounting concepts
Smart Ways to Manage Your Finances	– Relevance of personal financial management in daily life – Inflation and its impact on purchasing power – Simple vs. compound interest rate – Budgeting – Various savings and investment options like fixed deposit, stocks, bonds, mutual funds, etc. – Risk and insurance Personal income tax