Epistolary novel:
1. It 16 used the private and personal form of letters to tell the story.
2. It 12 allowed the reader to relish the story at a time.
3. These novels were expensive.
4. Often it did not have illustration.

Serialised novel:
1. It 16 told the stories in prose.
2. It 12 allowed the readers to relish the suspense, discuss the characters of a novel and live for weeks with their stories.
3. Magazines were cheap which published the novels.
4. Serialised novels always had colourful illustrations.

Reserve Bank of India is the central bank of India. It keeps a check on the working of the other banks across the country.

It supervises the functioning of formal sources of loans.

The RBI monitors the banks in actually maintaining the minimum cash balance.

RBI sees that the banks give loans not just to profit making businesses and traders but also to small cultivators,small scale industries,to small borroweres etc.Periodically banks have to submit information to RBI on how much they are lending to whom ,at what rate of interest.

The four terms of credit are : 

a. Interest rate:  Interest rate is the amount paid in addition to the principal by the borrower to the lender

b. Collateral: Collateral is an asset that the borroower owns( such as land, building, vehicle, livestocks, deposits with banks) and uses this as a guarantee to a lender untill the loan is repaid.

c.  Documentation requirement: It is the process under which the lender verifies the eligibility and all the details of the borrower and also verifies the collateral related documents.

d. Mode of payment: Under this, the number of installments and gap between the two installments is agreed and also whether the loan is repaid whether in the form of cash, checque or any other mode.

As “federalism” is a system of government in which the power is divided between the union and provinces so, usually it has two levels of government:
(i) One is the government for the entire country with the subjects of national importance.
(ii) The other government is at the level of provinces or states that looks after the matters of local importance. Both the governments enjoy their power independent of the other.

The Rules and regulations are required for the protection of the consumers in the market for the following reasons
(i) To check adulterations At times greedy traders try to play with the health of consumers by indulging in adulteration of edible oils, milk, butter, ghee etc.
(ii) To check powerful producer Markets do not work in a fair manner if there is monopoly of few and powerful producers and when purchase of consumer is small and they have no single voice. So there is need of rules and regulations in the market.
(iii) False information Most of the time the false information is passed to consumers through media and other sources to attract the consumers.

The term ' liberalism ' derives fom the latin root liber, meaning free.Liberalism is a political philosophy or worldview founded on ideas of liberty and equality. For the new middle classes liberalism stood for freedom for the individual and equality of all before the law
1) Political:  Liberals demanded for constitutionalism with national unification They demanded for the creation of a nation sate on parliamentary principles, a constitution, freedom of press and freedom of association Women formed their political organisations, founded newspapers and took part in political meetings and demonstrations.
2) Economical: Liberalism stood for the freedom in markets and the abolition of state imposed restrictions on the movement of goods and capital In 1834, a customs union or zollverein was formed at the initiative of prussia and joined other german states.

Globalisation is necessary because today not all the products are available in a country itself nor it is possible to produce each and every product in a single country.   Globalisation is the process of rapid integration of the different countries.  For example, India has a large amount of coal mines and thus it has larger amount of coal but it is insufficient in the petroleum reserves. So, our country has to import petroleum to the country. This import is possible only if foreign trade is there. So, it eventually results in globalisation.

There are three sectors of economy feasibly found i.e. Primary sector, Secondary sector and Tertiary sector. All the three sectors are interdependent.
Some examples are given to elucidate this fact
(i) Agricultural activities produce raw materials for agro- based industries and food for employees in Secondary and Tertiary sectors. It shows industrial sector and service sector’s dependency on Primary sector.
(ii) Industrial activities produce instruments like tractor, fertiliser for agricultural inputs and increase production and productivity in agriculture. Here, Primary sector depends on Secondary sector.
(iii) Transportation facilities are much required for transportation of agricultural products and industrial products to market rural and urban centres. Here, Primary and Secondary sector depend on Tertiary sector.
(iv) Industrial sector produces trucks, autos etc for transportation, computer assets for proper banking activities and knowledge outsourcing. So, it shows that now Tertiary sector depends on Secondary sector.
(v) If farmer does not produce grain, all people will starve and employees in Secondary and Tertiary sectors will pay much for food items and their life will be scarce.
Marketisation, storage and transportation inadequacy will put obstacle for farmers to link with their consumer and its earning will be reduced and life will be miserable. It shows that Secondary and Tertiary sectors depend on Primary sector.
So, it is reflected that all the sectors of economy are highly interdependent in India and also elsewhere in the world.

British sent Indians forcefully to fight in the war.

Indian farmers were forced to grow the crops  to fufill the food requirements in the war front.

 As the expenditure increased the British increased taxes in India. This had a negative impact on the Indian economy.

Women are discriminated in various ways in the society.

1.They are not considered equal to the men folk.

2.They are not paid equivalent to men for the same amount of work.

3.Female child is deprived of the education and the male child is provided the education despite of all the adverse conditions.

4.Previously women did not have the right to share the father's property until recently this was made a law.

Steps taken to clean up London:

1.steps were taken to decongest the city.

2.green belt was established.

3.Steps we're taken to combat pollution

4.housing facilities we're created for migrants.

Every social difference does not lead to social division. It is because:

• Social differences may divide similar people from one another, but they also unite very different people. For example, Carlos and Smith were similar to each other as they were Afro-American but they were different from Norman who was white. But Norman did sympathise with Carlos and Smith.
• It is easier to accomodate cross cutting differences. For example, the Catholics and Protestants had some social differences, but later they were then able to patch up their differences. This did not result into social divisions.
• It is also possible for people from different religions to have the same caste and feel close to each other.

Salt, or to be more precise, it's production, was a powerful symbol used by several Indians against unjust British taxation. It was most notably used in the 1930 civil disobedience movement, which began with the Dandi March.

Irrigation causes a lot of changes on the social landscape.
Excessive irrigation increases the salinization of the soil and also affects the fertility of soil. This leads to changes cropping patterns, hence in many regions farmers are shifting to water intensive and commercial crops.

• Alluvial soil is considered the most fertile soil. The entire northern plains of India are made of alluvial soil.
• Alluvial soil contains sand, silt and clay.
• According to age, the alluvial soil is classified as Bangar (old alluvial) and Khadar (new alluvial).
• Alluvial soil contains an ample amount of potash, phosphoric acid and lime. The soil is thus suitable for the growth of sugarcane.
• In India, alluvial soil is deposited by Rivers Ganga and Brahmaputra. Alluvial soil is found in the northern Indian plains extending to some parts of Rajasthan and Gujarat. It is also found in the eastern coastal plains, especially in the delta of Mahanadi, Krishna, Godavari and Kaveri.