Liberal Nationalism stood for many things- individual freedom, equality before the law, representative government & constitution as well as the inviolability of private property. Liberal Nationalists in the economic sphere:
1. Liberalism stood for freedom of markets. They wanted to remove all restrictions of state on the movement of goods and capital.
2. Napoleon's regime had created different currencies, weights, measures and customs duties for each state. Liberalists wanted a unified economic territory.
3. A customs union from Prussia that was joined by many German states removed all tariffs and reduced the currencies from thirty to two.
4. The economic nationalism and unification further contributed to the nationalist sentiments.

Qualitative aspect : Now, let us consider another situation where water is sufficiently available to meet the needs of the people, but, the area still suffers from water scarcity. This scarcity may be due to bad quality of water. Lately, there has been a growing concern that even if there is ample water to meet the needs of the people, much of it may be polluted by domestic and industrial wastes, chemicals, pesticides and fertilizers used in agriculture, thus, making it hazardous for human use.

Open Unemployment:  When a country’s labour force does not get opportunities for adequate employment, this situation is called open unemployment. This type of unemployment is generally found in the industrial sector (e.g., when workers of a factory are laid off due to its closure) and landless agricultural labourers in rural areas.
Disguised Unemployment : This is a kind of unemployment in which there are people who are visibly employed but actually they don’t have full employment. In such a situation more people are engaged in a work than required. This type of unemployment is generally found in unorganized sector where either work is not constantly available or too many people are employed for the same work that does not require so many hands.

(i) Linguistic States : After independence, in 1950, the boundaries of several old states were changed in order to create new states. This was done to ensure that the people who spoke the same language, share common culture, ethnicity or geography could live in the same state.
(ii) Language Policy : The Indian Constitution did not give the status of national language to any one of the languages. Though Hindi was identified as the optional language, but the central government has not imposed Hindi on states where people speak a different language. Besides Hindi, there are 22 other languages recognised as Scheduled Languages by the Indian Constitution.
(iii) Centre-State relations : Improving the Centre-State relations is one more way in which federalism has been strengthened in practice. Though Indian Constitution has demarcated the powers of the Union and the state governments but still the Union government can have influence over the state in many ways.
In the past, the Central government has often misused the Constitution to dismiss the state governments that were controlled by  rival parties. This undermined the spirit of federalism, and that of democracy.
The judiciary has played a major role in improving the autonomy of the state governments because many a time, it has rescued state governments which were dismissed in an arbitrary manner.

Weavers are dependent on cloth merchants in the following manner:

• Weavers get their yarn from cloth merchants.
• Weavers do not have to shell out their money instead they get paid for the work done by them.
• Weavers don't have to worry about selling of their cloth. This is taken care of by the cloth merchants.

Large city population was both a threat and an opportunity because of the following reasons:
Opportunity:
1.It paved the way for industrialisation
2.It brought with itself new technologies and science
3.It provided more jobs for people
4.It led to modernisation in the society
 
Threat:
1.Slums
2.Diseases
3.Unhygienic working conditions
4.Poverty
5.Unemployment
6.Challenges to meet the societal pressures

A secular state is a concept of secularism, whereby a state or country  is officially neutral in matters of religion, neither supporting nor  opposing any particular religious beliefs or practices. A secular state  also treats all its citizens equally regardless of religion, and does  not give preferential treatment for a citizen from a particular religion  over other religions. Most often it has no state religion or  equivalent."

A cooperative is a private business organization that is owned and controlled by the people who use its products, supplies or services.

In September, 1920, a special session of the Congress, presided by Lala Lajpat Rai was convened at Calcutta to approve the scheme.

The Non-Cooperation resolution garnered mixed responses. Pt. Motilal Nahru and Anil Ali Brothers supported the resolution, whereas Mrs Annie Besant, Pt. Malaviya and Shri C. R Das vehemently opposed. They feared that large scale mass action against the British government would lead to violence on a wide scale, as occurred during Rowlatt satyagraha.

In December 1920, at the Nagpur Congress, the resolution on Non-Cooperation was repeated again. This session garnered greater support in favor of the resolution.  

European nationalism began with romantic nationalism with emphasis on cultural, religious, linguistic, racial or ethnic unity in the nation state. The French revolution took this to - “liberty, equality and fraternity”, towards the modern-nation state.

Indian nationalism is territorial nationalism - a consequence of its diversity. Though, the concept of akhand Bharat did exist as both a theoritical and realistic concept, the modern Indian nationalism was the fallout of anti-colonialism and its associated paraphernalia. A similar phenomenon can be observed in the vast majority of the African and Asian ex-colonies.

Despite both Indian and European nationalism springing from the democratic principles of equality, their past plays a major influence leading to vast differences in their manifestations.

Munshi premchand was one of the greatest literary figures of morden hindi and urdu literature...
1) prenchand's sevasadan throws light on the lives of ordinary people , mainly poor people and their sufferings.
2) his story rangbhoomi was inspired by ganghiji's ideas and throws light on the negetivr effect of the caste system which had led to the social injustice. his characters created a community based on democratic values.
3) issues such as child marriage , dowry system were highlighted in his writings to draw the attention of the educated class and reformers so that something could be done to remove this evils.
4) premchand's writting also covered the lives of upper class indians and the ways in which they used whatever little opportunities they got from colonial authorities to govern themselves.

(i) Indian Agriculture is mainly of intensive subsistence type.
(ii) It is mainly practised in areas of high population pressure on land.
(iii) It is labour intensive farming where high doses of biochemical inputs and irrigation are used for obtaining high yields.
(iv) Farmers continue to take maximum output from the limited land with absence of alternate source of livelihood which leads to enormous pressure on agricultural land.
(v) The right of inheritance has led to division of land among successive generations and rendered the size of land holding uneconomical.