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Sneha Devi 1 year, 1 month ago

The requirement of water in vijayanagara was fulfill from the natural basin formed by the river Tungabhadra. This flowed in the northwestern direction and was surrounded by stunning granite hills. It flowed down to the river Tungsbhadra. So the rulers of the vijayanagara got built large embankment to store water. They also constructed reservoirs of varying sizes. They also make arrangement to store the rain water as this was the most arid zone of the peninsula.
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Bajarang Lal Sigar 1 year, 1 month ago

Please !don't copy it in the final exam otherwise your marks will be deducted . Try to write in points .

Ishita Rawat 1 year, 1 month ago

John Marshall was the Director General of ASI from 1902 to 1928. In fact, John Marshall’s stint as Director-General of the ASI marked a major change in Indian archaeology. He was the first professional archaeologist to work in India, and brought his experience of working in Greece and Crete to the field. More importantly, though like Cunningham he too was interested in spectacular finds, he was equally keen to look for patterns of everyday life. Before discussing John Marshall's work we should discuss the general picture of archaeology in India of that time. Most of the archaeologist prior to Marshall was of view that indian civilization started from 6th century BCE and there was this tendency to use written words to guide the archaeological digs. Thus when Cunnigham came across with Harappan artefacts he was not able to understand it and tried very hard to fit it within the time frame he was familiar with (6th - 4th century BCE). It was much later when Daya Ram Sahni discovered seals which he found in the layer of soil which was way more older than the 6th century BCE. The information began to come and it was Rakhal Das Bannerji who discovered the similarities of the seals discovered from the various sites leading to the conjecture that these sites were part of a single archaeological culture. Based on these finds, in 1924, John Marshall, Director General of the ASI, announced the discovery of a new civilisation in the Indus valley to the world. It was then that the world knew not only of a new civilisation, but also of one contemporaneous with Mesopotamia. However it was also during Marshall's stints as Director General that lots of context in which artefacts were discovered were lost becuase he ignored the stratigraphy of soil, the mistake which was noted by Wheeler ( next director general). Even then it was during his tenure that Indians were allowed to participate in excavations in their own country. And as S N Roy has said “Marshall left India three thousand years older than he had found her.”
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Ishita Rawat 1 year, 1 month ago

Cunningham's Confusion were: (i) Cunningham's main interest was in the archaeology of the Early Historic and later periods. Cunningham tried to place Harappan seals within the time-frame with which he was familiar. (ii) He used the accounts left by Chinese Buddhist pilgrims who had visited the subcontinent between the fourth and seventh centuries CE to locate early settlement. (iii) Cunningham also collected, documented and translated inscriptions found during his surveys. When he excavated sites he tended to recover artefacts that he thought had cultural value. (iv) A site like Harappa which was not part of the itinerary of the Chinese pilgrims, did not fit very neatly within his framework of investigation. Cunningham did not realize how old Harappa artifacts were.
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Ishita Rawat 1 year, 1 month ago

Harappan obtain red colour of carnelian by firing the yellowish raw materials and beads at various stages of production

Sneha Devi 1 year, 1 month ago

Harappan obtain red colour of carnelian by firing the yellowish raw materials and beads at various stages of production
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Preeti Dabral 1 year, 1 month ago

  1. This movement was training for self-rule.
  2. For the first time, since 1857, the foundation of British rule was shaken.

Ishita Rawat 1 year, 1 month ago

This movement was training for self-rule. For the first time, since 1857, the foundation of British rule was shaken.
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Himanshi Sharma 1 year, 1 month ago

Issue on the sharing of Ganga Brahmaputra river Bangladesh is the part of India's look east policy Bangladesh refused to allow India troops to pass through its territory to reach at north east region . Bangladesh supports anti Indian Islamic groups Bangladesh believed that India performed armed rebellion at Chittagong hill tract
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Ishita Rawat 1 year, 1 month ago

Ain i Akbari composed by Abu'l Fazal

Kumari Khushi Khushi 1 year, 3 months ago

History

Kumari Khushi Khushi 1 year, 3 months ago

Ok

Dawa Rinzing Sherpa 1 year, 3 months ago

Ain i Akbari composed by Abu'l Fazal
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Sneha Devi 1 year, 1 month ago

Theme 5 - Q. How do IBN Batutta account help us to reconstruct the history of urban life in medieval time? Explain. (8m)
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Komal Yadav 1 year, 1 month ago

Mauryan empire established the centralisation system and conquered from Afghanistan in the west to Kalinga of Orissa in the east

Yash Acharya 1 year, 3 months ago

The mauryan administration was highly centralised administration system at that time
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Preeti Dabral 1 year, 4 months ago

We find that the system was patrilineal and it was the eldest son that inherited the throne but in case of Kauravas their father being blind, the throne goes to his brother Pandu. But untimely death of Pandu and his sons still being minor the blind brother beomes the king

Divika Chettri 1 year, 4 months ago

Answers
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Riya Kumari 1 year, 4 months ago

The Zamindars failed to make regular payments of revenue due to the following reasons: 1. The initial rate of revenue was very high. It was fixed for all time to come. The East India Company had thought that it would never be able to claim a share in the increased income from the land if at any stage, the prices rose and the cultivation expanded. The Company also argued that the burden on the Zamindars would slowly come down with the increase in agricultural production and the prices of agricultural products.The amount of revenue was fixed during the period of economic depression. The ryots found it difficult to pay their dues to the Zamindars. As such the Zamindars were unable to pay the revenue to the East India Company. 3. The revenue was invariable. It had to be paid punctually even if the harvest was not good. There was the enforcement of Sun-Set law. If any Zamindar did not make the payment before the sun-set on a specific day, his estate was auctioned.
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Vivek Fulara 1 year, 4 months ago

GB Pant along with other leaders like patel,br ambedkar and dhulekar etc. Oppose the separate electorate for Muslims and he also said that Muslims are not the minorities in this nation
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Preeti Dabral 1 year, 4 months ago

The Gupta Empire was an ancient Indian empire which existed from the early 4th century CE to late 6th century CE. At its zenith, from approximately 319 to 467 CE, it covered much of the Indian subcontinent. This period is considered as the Golden Age of India by historians.

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Bajarang Lal Sigar 1 year, 4 months ago

Kitab- Ul-hind .

Arshiya Ramzan 1 year, 4 months ago

Kitabul hindh

Nandini Soni 1 year, 4 months ago

Kitab-ul-hind
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Preeti Dabral 1 year, 4 months ago

Dasara Dibba or the Mahanavami Dibba is a beautiful stone platform located within the Royal Enclosure of Hampi. It was built during the Vijayanagara period by King Krishnadevaraya to commemorate his victory over Udaygiri. It was here where the King of Vijayanagar used to celebrate the festival of Dasara (Dussehra).

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Shobha Mishra 1 year, 4 months ago

The permanent settlement came into operation in Bengal in 1793.This settlement was made with the rajas and the talukedarsof Bengal. They were now classified aszamindars and they had to pay the revenue demand that was fixed in perpetuity. Now the Zamindar was not a land owner in the village but revenue collector of the state .At the same time the Zamindar had to pay revenue rigidly on the due date even if crops had failed . In case of failure of payment estates were to be auctioned to recover the revenue.

Purnima Limboo 1 year, 4 months ago

What were its impact
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Himanshu Patel 1 year, 4 months ago

The power of the Jotedars within the village was more effective than that of the Zamindars: 1. Jotedars were located in villages while Zamindars lived in urban areas. 2. Indirectly controlled the ryots by advancing money, controlling local trade. 3. With holding payment of revenue. 4. Holding benami lands. 5. Purchased Zamindars. the auctioned estates of 6. They became alternate source of power in villages.
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Himanshu Patel 1 year, 4 months ago

Ans. Ibn Battuta found cities in the subcontinent full of exciting opportunities (i) According to him the city of Delhi covered a wide area and had a large population. (ii) The rampart round the city was without parallel. The breadth of its wall was of eleven cubits, and inside it were houses for the night sentry and gate-keepers (iii) There were twenty-eight gates of this city which are called darwaza and of these the Budaun darwaza was the greatest, inside the Mandwi darwaza there was a grain market, adjacent to the Gul darwaza there was an orchard. (iv) The city of Delhi had a fine cemetery in which graves had domes over them (v) The city was densely populated and prosperous. (vi) The cities had crowded streets, bright and colourful markets that were stacked with a wide variety of goods (vii)The bazaars were the hubs of social and cultural activities. Most bazaars had a mosque and a temple, and these public performances by dancers, musicians and singers happened. (viii) The towns derived a significant portion of their wealth through the appropriation of surplus from villages (ix) Music in the market (Tarababad). (x) A unique system of communication (uluq and dawa)
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Shobha Mishra 1 year, 4 months ago

The respective rights of the central governmentand the states was one of the most vigorously debated topics in the constituent assembly .Ambedkar Wanted strong and United centre as it could stop communal outbursts. Gopal Swami Ayyanger declared that the centre should be made as strong as possible. One member from the United province Balakrishna Sharma said r that only a strong centre could plan for the well being of the country, mobilize available economic resources and defend the country against foreign aggression.
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Anshu . 1 year, 3 months ago

Mohenjo daro
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Chetan Kohar 1 year, 5 months ago

They can't marry in their clan , mother's gotra should not be adopted, father have to give stridhana etc.
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Chetan Kohar 1 year, 5 months ago

The policy of annexation,doctrine of lapse, discrimination against Indians , economic and social policies of British
  • 1 answers

Chetan Kohar 1 year, 5 months ago

Of what ??

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