The following steps can be taken to make international trade fair:

• Interests of not only developed countries, but the developing ones should also be considered.
• Rules and regulations should be uniform and organizations like WTO should be democratic.
• International trade should be liberalized by all countries.
• Labor laws should be implemented properly.
• Small producers should be supported till they become strong enough to compete the foreign trade.

Answer: Ngo Dien Diem
Explanation
 A coup led by Ngo Dien Diem had overthrown the Bao Dai regime in Vietnam becoz he wanted to gained power over Vietnamese and to control Vietnam.

Note: This chapter has been deleted by CBSE . This chapter will not come in any exams.

Pearl Millet

Pearl Millet (Bajra)

Hindi Name: Bajra.

Bajra is a cereal, used a lot in rural India, it has a high fiber content. The most common millet is pearl millet i.e bajra, which is an important crop in India.

A n s w e r

Ethnic means a social division based on shared culture. People belonging to the same ethnic group believe in their common descent because of similarities of physical type or of culture or both.

• A democratic government is a legitimate government, as it is elected by citizens and enjoys the confidence and trust of the citizens. It follows procedures and its decisions are more acceptable to the people and are more effective. Regular elections are a key feature of the democratic government.

1. The human development approach focusses on improving the lives of people rather than assuming that economic growth will lead automatically to greater opportunities for all.
2. Human development is about giving people more freedom and opportunities to live lives they value, e.g. educating people, especially to girls.
3. Human Development creates the right conditions for all. For eg. create environmental sustainability or equality between men and women. Once, the basics of human development are achieved, they open up opportunities for progress in other aspects of life.
4. It also helps to create awareness among people towards their responsibilities as a citizen and human being to build up opinion for a reduction in the military expenditure, demobilisation of armed forces, disarmament and all those activities which are responsible for civil disturbances.

The Central government in India made a law for the Right to work in 200 districts of India is called National Rural Development Guarantee Act 2005 (NREGA, 2005). It is also known as Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Development Guarantee Act 2005 is an Indian labour law and social security measures that guarantees work. People who are able to and are in need of work are guaranteed 100 days of employment in a year by the government under this Act and the government give unemployment allowances to the people, if they fails to provide employment.

Integration of markets is the process of selling goods and services beyond the domestic markets and create an international market for products. This allow producers to expand their business and compete with other producers of the World , in other markets

In the traditional sense, the term ‘market’ refers to the place where buyers and sellers gather to enter into transactions involving the exchange of goods and services. But in modern marketing sense, the term market has a broader meaning. It refers to a set of actual and potential buyers of a product or service. For example, when a fashion designer designs a new dress and offers it for exchange, all the people who are willing to buy and offer some value for it can be stated to be the market for that dress.

The First World War started in 1914 AD and ended in 1918 AD.
First World War called the World War as it was fought on land, water and in air. Moreover armies and resources of about 86 nations were involved in the war.

History - Outline Political Map of India

In History, practice marking important places mentioned in the chapter - Nationalism in India.

Identify the features on the outline political map of India, with the help of the following information and write their correct names on the lines marked near them:

• The place where the Indian National Congress Session was held in December 1920 - Nagpur (Maharashtra)
• The place where the Indian National Congress Session was held in September 1920 - Calcutta (West Bengal)
• The place where the Indian National Congress Session was held in 1927 - Madras (Now known as Chennai in the state of Tamil Nadu)
• The place where the Indian National Congress Session was held in 1929 - Lahore (Pakistan)
• The place where Gandhiji organised ‘Satyagraha’ in favour of cotton mill workers - Ahmedabad (Gujarat)
• The place associated with peasants’ Satyagraha - Kheda  (Gujarat)
• Name the State where the Indigo planters organised Satyagraha - Champran in Bihar
• The City associated with Jallianwala Bagh incident - Amritsar (Punjab)
• The place where Gandhiji violated the salt law - Dandi (Gujarat)
• The place where the Civil Disobedience Movement was started - Sabarmati Ashram (Gujarat)
• The place where Non- Cooperation Movement ended abruptly due to violence - Chauri-Chaura (Uttar Pradesh)

* Correct answer is written against each question. Locate that region on the map.

Geography - Outline Political Map of India

In Geography, practice marking the places famous for steel and iron ore fields, major dam projects, airports, etc. This will not only help you score well in the map-based question but will also help you remember some important geographical details.

Locate and label the following with appropriate symbols on the same given outline political map of India:

Dams

• Salal Project - Jammu and Kashmir
• Tungabhadra Dam - Karnatka
• Rana Pratap Sagar Dam - Rajasthan
• Hirakund Dam - Odisha
• Tehri Dam - Uttrakhand
• Nagarjuna Sagar Dam - Telangana

Iron and Steel Plant

• Bhadravati Iron and Steel Plant - Karnataka
• Vijayanagar Iron and Steel Industry - Karnataka
• Durgapur Iron and Steel Plant - West Bengal
• Bokaro Iron and Steel Plant - Jharkhand
• Jamshedpur Iron and Steel Plant - Jharkhand
• Raurkela Iron and Steel Plant - Odisha
• Bhilai Iron and Steel Plant - Chhattisgarh

Cotton Textile Industry

• Kanpur Cotton Textile Industry - Uttar Pradesh
• Madurai Cotton Textile Industry - Tamil Nadu
• Mumbai Cotton Textile Industry - Maharashtra
• Indore Cotton Textile Industry - Madhya Pradesh
• Ahmedabad Cotton Textile Industry - Gujarat
• Surat Cotton Textile Industry - Gujarat
• Coimbatore Cotton Textile Industry - Tamil Nadu
• Kolkata Software Technology Park - West Bengal

Software Technology Parks

• Gandhinagar Software Technology Park - Gujarat
• Noida Software Technology Park - Uttar Pradesh
• Indore Software Technology Park - Madhya Pradesh
• Jaipur Software Technology Park - Rajasthan

Nuclear Power Plant

• Naraura Nuclear Power Plant - Uttar Pradesh
• Rawat Bhata Nuclear Power Plant - Rajasthan
• Tarapur Nuclear Power Plant - Maharashtra
• Namrup Thermal Power Plant - Assam

Airports:

• Raja Sansi - Amritsar
• Indira Gandhi International - Delhi
• Chhatrapati Shivaji - Mumbai
• Meenam Bakkam - Chennai
• Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose - Kolkata
• Rajiv Gandhi - Hyderabad

Major Sea Ports

• Tuticorin Major Sea Port - Tamil Nadu
• Kochi Major seaport - Kerala
• Kandla Major seaport - Kutch, Gujarat

In terrace farming steps are cut out on the slopes of the hills making terraces. Crops are then grown on it. It cuts down the speed of water and thus reduces soil erosion.

टैरेस में खेती के कदम पहाड़ियों की ढलानों पर छतों को काटकर बनाए जाते हैं। फिर उस पर फसलें उगाई जाती हैं। यह पानी की गति को कम कर देता है और इस प्रकार मिट्टी के कटाव को कम करता है।

The form of government in which the constitution concentrates all powers in the single central government is known as a Unitary government.

The characteristics of a Unitary government are mentioned below:

i. Single government: In a Unitary government, there is only one integrated system of government. The central government consisting of a legislature and an executive exercises powers over the territory of the entire state. Accordingly, supreme power belongs to the central government alone.

ii. Concentration of power: Concentration of power in a single centre is the basis of a Unitary government. There is no constitutional division and distribution of powers.

iii. Administrative units at the mercy of the centre: The administrative units created under a Unitary government have no constitutional existence. Therefore, these can be abolished or reorganized without amending the constitution.

iv.Supremacy of Legislature: In a Unitary system, there is one supreme legislature. It is the supreme law-making body in the land. Its actions are not subject to judicial review. For instance, theoretically, the British Constitution establishes supremacy of Parliament. There is no judicial review and no authority can declare the laws made by Parliament as unconstitutional.

v. Single citizenship: In a Unitary government, there is only one citizenship-the citizenship of the whole country.

There is an another category called Forest-based industries based on raw materials.
Pharmaceutical or medical industry comes under this category
Forest-based industries: These industries use raw materials from the forest like wood. The industries connected with forest are paper, pharmaceutical, and furniture.

Basis of bulk and weight of raw material:

(i)Heavy Industries-

(a) Brassware

(b) Ship building

(c) Automobiles

(d) Oil

(ii)Light Industries-

(a) Knitting needles

(b) Fuse wires

(c) Electric bulb

(d) Paint brushes

(e) Watches

 (f) Sewing machines

A single party system is where a single party has all the power and no opposition or any other party exists. This system is in china where communist party of china is the only party and competition is within the party to select president, prime minister or any other important posts. This is no where close to democracy and people's will is not the supreme.

In a multiparty system, the number of parties is unlimited. Anyone can establish a party if he meets necessary conditions. This is a true of democracy. This is observed in INDIA. We can observe many examples of new parties emerging (AAP most recent, TRS in telangana and many more). As of now there are more than 10000 registered political parties in India.
 

Ans : UNDP - United Nations Development Programme

Explanation: HDI stands for Human Development Index, which is the statistical mark of the life expectancy, education level, GDP per capita and various factors that decide the common lifestyle in a country.

HDI report is formulated by a committee created by the United Nations Development Programme, which is headed by the eminent Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq and joined by several other economists of the world.

(i) The electronics industry covers a wide range of products from transistor sets to television, telephones, cellular telecom, papers, telephone exchange,radars, computers and many other equipment required by the
telecommunication industries. Bangalore is the electronic capital of India.Other centres are Mumbai, Delhi, Hyderabad, Pune, Chennai, Kolkata,Lucknow and Coimbatore.
(ii) 18 Software Technology Parks provide single window service and high data communication facility to software experts.
(iii) This industry has played a significant role in generating employment. Upto 31 March 2005, the IT industry employed over one million persons. This number has been increasing fast year after year.
(iv) This industry has been a major foreign exchange earner in the last two or three years because of its fast growing Business Processes Outsourcing (BPO) sector.
(v) The continuing growth in the hardware and software is the key to the success of Information Technology industry in the country.

Primitive Subsistence Farming: This type of farming is practiced on small patches of land. Primitive tools and family/community labour are used in this type of farming. The farming mainly depends on monsoon and natural fertility of soil. Crops are grown as per the suitability of the environmental condition.

This is also called <i>‘slash and burn’</i> agriculture. A patch of land is cleared by slashing the vegetation and then the slashed plants are burnt. The ash; thus obtained is mixed with the soil and crops are grown.

To increase employment in urban areas, we will need to carry out the following tasks (i) Invest in basic industries which provide mass employment.
(ii) Improve local and inter city
transportation, so that more people can be employed to work in the transportation industry.
(iii) Increase vocational education courses, so that people educated for a vacation get jobs easily.
(iv) Give incentives for industry in urban areas to increase their capacity.