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Posted by Nishant Kumar 5 years, 4 months ago
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Chandu G 5 years, 4 months ago
Yogita Ingle 5 years, 4 months ago
Cations are ions that have a positive charge. The word “cation” comes from the Greek word ánō, which means “up.” Examples of cations include:
- Silver: Ag+
- Hydronium: H3O+
- Ammonium: NH4+
Anions are ions with a negative charge. The word “anion” comes from the Greek word káto, meaning “down.” Examples of anions include:
- Hydroxide anion: OH–
- Oxide anion: O2-
- Sulfate anion: SO42-
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Posted by Prashant Maurya 5 years, 4 months ago
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Sahil Prajapati 5 years, 4 months ago
Yogita Ingle 5 years, 4 months ago
(1) Pepsin: Pepsin is a proteolytic enzyme secreted in the stomach that is involved in the breakdown of proteins.
(2) Bile: Bile helps break down fats into fatty acids and also acts as a medium for excretion of bilirubin, a by-product of the breakdown of RBC's.
Posted by Om Jee Rai 5 years, 4 months ago
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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 4 months ago
The inner lining of the uterus (the endometrium) goes through three phases during the typically 28 day menstrual cycle: the menstrual phase (days 1-5), the proliferative phase (days 6-14) and the secretory phase (days 15-28).
Posted by Som Sahu 5 years, 4 months ago
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Posted by Ananya Pareek 5 years, 4 months ago
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Gaurav Seth 5 years, 4 months ago
DEFINE ATOMIC SIZE (ATOMIC RADIUS) - DEFINITION

Atomic Size (Atomic Radius) is the
distance between the nucleus and valence shell.
METALLIC AND NON-METALLIC PROPERTIES - DEFINITION
<article>The tendency of an element to lose electrons and form positive ions (cations) is called electropositive or metallic character. The tendency of an element to accept electrons to form an anion is called its non-metallic or electronegative character. In each period, metallic character of elements decreases as we move to the right. Elements to the left of the periodic table have a pronounced metallic character while those to the right have a non-metallic character. Conversely, non-metallic character increases from left to right.As we move down the group the number of shells increases. This causes the effective nuclear charge to decrease due to the outer shells being further away: in effect the atomic size increases. The electrons of the outermost shell experience less nuclear attraction and so can lose electrons easily thus showing increased metallic character.</article>
Posted by Bisht Ji 5 years, 4 months ago
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Om Jee Rai 5 years, 4 months ago
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Shwet Singh Patel 5 years, 4 months ago
Maniya Jain 5 years, 4 months ago
Gaurav Seth 5 years, 4 months ago
Electric current is defined as the rate of flow of electric charge.
Or, electric current is the amount of charge flowing through a particular area in unit time and is given by:
I = Q / t
The S.I unit of electric current is Ampere (A).
The current through a conductor is said to be one ampere if one coulomb of charge flows through it in one second.
Posted by Muskan Kumari 5 years, 4 months ago
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Posted by Muskan Kumari 5 years, 4 months ago
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Shivam Kumar Abam Kumar 5 years, 4 months ago
Posted by Swati Roy 5 years, 4 months ago
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Meghna Thapar 5 years, 1 month ago
The main function of endocrine glands is to secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream. Hormones are chemical substances that affect the activity of another part of the body (target site). In essence, hormones serve as messengers, controlling and coordinating activities throughout the body.
Upon reaching a target site, a hormone binds to a receptor, much like a key fits into a lock. Once the hormone locks into its receptor, it transmits a message that causes the target site to take a specific action. Hormone receptors may be within the nucleus or on the surface of the cell.
Ultimately, hormones control the function of entire organs, affecting such diverse processes as growth and development, reproduction, and sexual characteristics. Hormones also influence the way the body uses and stores energy and control the volume of fluid and the levels of salts and sugar (glucose) in the blood. Very small amounts of hormones can trigger very large responses in the body.
Although hormones circulate throughout the body, each type of hormone influences only certain organs and tissues. Some hormones affect only one or two organs, whereas others have influence throughout the body. For example, thyroid-stimulating hormone, produced in the pituitary gland, affects only the thyroid gland. In contrast, thyroid hormone, produced in the thyroid gland, affects cells throughout the body and is involved in such important functions as regulating growth of cells, controlling the heart rate, and affecting the speed at which calories are burned. Insulin, secreted by the islet cells of the pancreas, affects the processing (metabolism) of glucose, protein, and fat throughout the body.
Most hormones are derived from proteins. Others are steroids, which are fatty substances derived from cholesterol.
To control endocrine functions, the secretion of each hormone must be regulated within precise limits. The body is normally able to sense whether more or less of a given hormone is needed.
Many endocrine glands are controlled by the interplay of hormonal signals between the hypothalamus, located in the brain, and the pituitary gland, which sits at the base of the brain. This interplay is referred to as the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. The hypothalamus secretes several hormones that control the pituitary gland.
The pituitary gland, sometimes called the master gland, in turn controls the functions of many other endocrine glands. The pituitary controls the rate at which it secretes hormones through a feedback loop in which the blood levels of other endocrine hormones signal the pituitary to slow down or speed up. So, for example, the pituitary gland senses when blood levels of thyroid hormone are low and releases thyroid stimulating hormone, which tells the thyroid gland to make more hormones. If the level gets too high, the pituitary senses that and decreases the amount of thyroid stimulating hormone, which then decreases the amount of thyroid hormone produced. This back-and-forth adjustment (feedback) keeps hormone levels in proper balance.
Many other factors can control endocrine function. For example, a baby sucking on its mother's nipple stimulates her pituitary gland to secrete prolactin and oxytocin, hormones that stimulate breast milk production and flow. Rising blood sugar levels stimulate the islet cells of the pancreas to produce insulin. Part of the nervous system stimulates the adrenal gland to produce epinephrine.
Posted by Minni Tangha 5 years, 4 months ago
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Maniya Jain 5 years, 4 months ago
Shivam Kumar Abam Kumar 5 years, 4 months ago
Meghna Thapar 5 years, 4 months ago
The main function of endocrine glands is to secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream. Hormones are chemical substances that affect the activity of another part of the body (target site). In essence, hormones serve as messengers, controlling and coordinating activities throughout the body. Hormones are molecules produced by the endocrine system that send messages to various parts of the body. They help regulate your body's processes, like hunger, blood pressure, and sexual desire. While hormones are essential to reproduction, they are fundamental to all the systems of your body.
Posted by Bijnesh Singh 5 years, 4 months ago
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Posted by Swati Roy 5 years, 4 months ago
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Meghna Thapar 5 years, 4 months ago
(a) The iris is the part of the eye that controls the amount of light entering the eye.
(b) The retina is the part of the eye on which images are formed.
(c) The ciliary muscles change the focal length of the eye lens.
Light passes through the front of the eye (cornea) to the lens. The cornea and the lens help to focus the light rays onto the back of the eye (retina). The cells in the retina absorb and convert the light to electrochemical impulses which are transferred along the optic nerve and then to the brain.
Posted by Rithick P 5 years, 4 months ago
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Meghna Thapar 5 years, 4 months ago
- Genetic variation is an important force in evolution as it allows natural selection to increase or decrease frequency of alleles already in the population.
- Genetic variation can be caused by mutation (which can create entirely new alleles in a population), random mating, random fertilization, and recombination between homologous chromosomes during meiosis (which reshuffles alleles within an organism’s offspring).
- Genetic variation is advantageous to a population because it enables some individuals to adapt to the environment while maintaining the survival of the population.
Posted by Bhoomi Jhanvar 5 years, 4 months ago
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Shagun Baliyan 5 years, 4 months ago
Posted by Nishant Kumar 5 years, 4 months ago
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Shivam Kumar Abam Kumar 5 years, 4 months ago
Gaurav Seth 5 years, 4 months ago
Endothermic Reaction |
| A reaction that the system absorbs energy from its surrounding in the form of heat. |
| The energy is absorbed from the surround into the reaction |
| Energy in the form of heat |
| Melting ice, evaporation, cooking, gas molecules, photosynthesis are few examples |
Exothermic Reaction |
| A reaction that releases energy from the system in the form of heat. |
| The energy is released from the system to its environment. |
| Energy is released as heat, electricity, light or sound. |
| Rusting iron, settling, chemical bonds, explosions, nuclear fission are a few examples. |
Posted by Nishant Kumar 5 years, 4 months ago
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Gaurav Seth 5 years, 4 months ago
A n s w e r
The various characteristics of chemical reactions are:
(i) Evolution of a gas (ii) Formation of a precipitate (iii) Change in colour (iv) Change in temperature (v) Change in state.
Posted by Nishant Kumar 5 years, 4 months ago
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Shwet Singh Patel 5 years, 4 months ago
Gaurav Seth 5 years, 4 months ago
Acids are those chemical substances that have a sour taste. Example: Acetic acid and citric acid.
Properties of Acids
- Acids are corrosive in nature.
- They are good conductors of electricity.
- Their pH values are always less than 7.
- When reacted with metals, these substances produce hydrogen gas.
- Acids are sour-tasting substances.
Posted by Nishant Kumar 5 years, 4 months ago
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Maniya Jain 5 years, 4 months ago
Gaurav Seth 5 years, 4 months ago
-Amphoteric oxide is an oxide that reacts with both acids and bases. In other words, it possesses both acidic and basic properties. For example both zinc and aluminium are metals but their oxides, ZnO and Al2O3 are amphoteric oxides as they react with both acids and bases.
Posted by Nishant Kumar 5 years, 4 months ago
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Posted by Muskan Kumari 5 years, 4 months ago
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Gaurav Seth 5 years, 4 months ago
The chemical equation needs to be balanced so that it follows the law of conversation of mass.A balanced chemical equation occurs when the number of the different atoms of elements in the reactants side is equal to that of the products side.
To establish the mole relationships needed for stoichiormetric calculation.
Posted by Nikhil Sahuu 5 years, 4 months ago
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Posted by Nishant Kumar 5 years, 4 months ago
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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 4 months ago
Examples of Chemical Change
- Burning of wood or paper
- Burning of camphor
- Souring of milk
- Burning of candle
- Digestion of food

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Yogita Ingle 5 years, 4 months ago
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